Profil DNA Forensik pada Barang Bukti Dua Kasus Pembunuhan di Indonesia

DNA technology for profiling purposes has been used in many basic and applied science. One of the emerged applied science in genetics is it’s uses in solving crime cases. Homicide became one of highest crime cases in Indonesia. Solving its cases through DNA profiling technology using items of evidence as tool is needed. Here, we report the profiling of human DNA from several items of evidence available in the crime scene and the suspect. We used items of evidence from study cases no. 18098 and 18101, based on the legal permission of Indonesia’s National Police. We used 21 international standards of human STR markers, one sex-determining marker, one Y STR marker, and one independent Y marker to developed human alleles from tissue and blood stains left and/or shred on the victims, soap bottles, knifes, victim’s clothes and ropes as well as the buccal swab of the crime suspect. Our alleles identification matched between the victim and the crime suspect in both cases with the accuracy of DNA profiles compatibility at 99.99%. Detection of DNA profiling is depending on the evidence and time of storage which are influence by environment that can lead to the process of decayed and/or contaminated.

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Source Level Attribution: DNA Profiling from the ABAcard® HemaTrace® Kit

Forensic Sciences ◽

10.3390/forensicsci1030011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 116-129

Author(s):

Louise Wallis ◽

Catherine Hitchcock ◽

Dennis McNevin ◽

Jennifer Raymond

Keyword(s):

Human Blood ◽

Dna Analysis ◽

Crime Scene ◽

Peak Height ◽

Dna Profiling ◽

Buffer Solution ◽

Dna Profile ◽

Biological Source ◽

Source Level ◽

Dna Profiles

ABAcard® HemaTrace® kits have been used for crime scene stains for confirmation of human blood for many years. However, when the stain is too small to allow for separate testing, confirmatory testing may be forgone to preference DNA analysis. This can lead to court challenges as to the biological source and therefore probative value of the DNA profile. This research aimed to develop a protocol for DNA analysis of a minute blood stain subsequent to HemaTrace® testing. Stains were collected and subjected to HemaTrace® testing. Swabs were then removed from the HemaTrace® buffer solution and processed. DNA yields and STR DNA profiles were analysed for both quantity and quality. Full profiles were reliably obtained from stains with diameters of 0.6 mm–0.7 mm, reflecting DNA concentrations between 0.0036 ng/μL and 0.007 ng/μL, varying according to substrate characteristics. However, stains below a diameter of 0.6 mm should proceed directly for DNA profiling. This protocol was also successfully performed on blood stains which had undergone UV irradiation, although use of the reporting peak height threshold (lower than the routine analytical threshold) was required to obtain useable profiles. We have been able to demonstrate a protocol which, with minor adjustments to crime scene procedures, allows for both the confirmation of the presence of human blood, together with the generation of useful DNA profiles.

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Assessment of QIAGEN™ Investigator® 24plex GO! kit workflow for autosomal STR profiling of forensic reference samples

Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences ◽

10.1186/s41935-020-00203-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hashom Mohd Hakim ◽

Hussein Omar Khan ◽

Siti Afifah Ismail ◽

Nurul Hazirah Mat Lazim ◽

Japareng Lalung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pcr Amplification ◽

Dna Profiling ◽

Buccal Swab ◽

Forensic Dna ◽

Str Typing ◽

Str Analysis ◽

Dna Database ◽

Autosomal Str ◽

Dna Template ◽

Reference Samples

Abstract Background DNA profiling has proven to be a valuable technique for identification of individuals in crime. Currently, the technique targets several short tandem repeat (STR) regions in human genome. However, increasing number of samples submitted for STR analysis may lead to delays due to the limited number of experienced analysts who might be available at any given moment and the time taken to complete lengthy DNA profiling procedures. This study was conducted to test the specificity, repeatability, reproducibility and robustness of Investigator® 24plex GO! kit for genotyping of reference samples submitted to the Royal Malaysian Police Forensic DNA Laboratory for DNA database. Material and methods In this study, Investigator® 24plex GO! kit was used to directly amplify STR loci from buccal swab cell of reference samples that had previously been STR typed using GlobalFiler™ Express kit. Capillary electrophoresis was carried out on a 3500xL Genetic Analyser using POP-4® Polymer. Amplified products were assigned to particular STR alleles using the GeneMapper ID-X version 1.4 software. Results Our study shows that STR profiles generated using Investigator® 24plex GO! gave concordance results with those previously obtained using the GlobalFiler™ Express kit. In addition, quality sensors included in the kit are of particular importance for determining the effectiveness of the PCR reaction and help to indicate the nature and quantity of DNA template for PCR amplification. Conclusion The Investigator® 24plex GO! kit is reliable for STR typing of reference samples.

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Evaluation of three new forensic DNA profiling kits on PCR-inhibitory crime scene samples

Forensic Science International Genetics Supplement Series ◽

10.1016/j.fsigss.2011.09.090 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. e457-e458

Author(s):

J. Hedman ◽

L. Albinsson ◽

L. Norén ◽

R. Ansell

Keyword(s):

Crime Scene ◽

Dna Profiling ◽

Forensic Dna ◽

Forensic Dna Profiling

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‘The NDNAD Has No Ability in Itself to be Discriminatory’: Ethnicity and the Governance of the UK National DNA Database

Sociology ◽

10.1177/0038038513493539 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 976-992 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

David Skinner

Keyword(s):

Black People ◽

Crime Scene ◽

Institutional Racism ◽

Use Of Data ◽

Dna Database ◽

The Uk ◽

Dna Profiles ◽

Political Governance ◽

Ethnic Appearance

This article explores the place of ‘ethnicity’ in the operation, management and contestation of the UK National DNA Database (NDNAD). In doing so, it examines the limitations of bioethics as a response to political questions raised by the new genetics. The UK police forensic database has been racialised in a number of distinct ways: in the over-representation of black people in the database population; in the classification of all DNA profiles according to ‘ethnic appearance’; in the use of data for experiments to determine the ethnicity of crime scene DNA; and in the focus on ethnicity in public debate about the database. This racialisation presented potential problems of legitimacy for the NDNAD but, as the article shows, these have been partly neutralised through systems of ethico-political governance. In these systems of governance discussion of institutional racism has been postponed or displaced by other ways of talking about ethnicity and identity.

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Image and exposure: Envisioning genetics as a forensic-surveillance matrix

Surveillance & Society ◽

10.24908/ss.v11i3.4512 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 237-251

Author(s):

Erin Kruger

Keyword(s):

National Security ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Genetic Data ◽

Crime Scene ◽

Dna Profiling ◽

Diverse Range ◽

The Status ◽

Legal Domain ◽

The One ◽

Identification Model

This paper takes the ‘visual’ as the primary subject to engage in a dialogue about surveillance by drawing upon the specific case of the genetic image. Specifically, the genetic image has shifted from the ‘one gene for one identification’ model used in the criminal law to, what are now, categorical, contextual and pattern-based configurations of DNA profiling that are able to compare multiple genetic samples in a singular image. The ability to profile genetics for law and security purposes is, thus, protracting well beyond the confines of the criminal legal domain (i.e. the crime scene, forensic laboratory, courtroom) and into the realm of surveillance: national security, defense, immigration, military and even humanitarian domains. Such a notable transition in visual profiling has also been met with a synonymous reformation in the status of genetic data as it converts from evidence in the realm of criminal law to, now, intelligence in the surveillance-based contexts noted above. This visual reclassification of genetic data reorients DNA to an informing, as opposed to an identifying role. Finally, how experts, scientists, legalists and other relevant practitioners conceive and represent ‘truth’ and ‘trust’ in light of an increasingly diverse range of genetic imagery is subject for discussion.

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Sidik Jari sebagai Pendukung Alat Bukti dalam Proses Penyidikan Perkara Pidana

PAMPAS: Journal of Criminal Law ◽

10.22437/pampas.v1i3.11086 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 139-156

Author(s):

Uswatun Hasanah ◽

Yulia Monita

Keyword(s):

Crime Scene ◽

Preliminary Evidence ◽

Supporting Evidence ◽

Criminal Cases ◽

Sophisticated Equipment ◽

National Police ◽

Investigation Process

The purpose of this study was to determine the use of fingerprints to support the process of proving evidence in the investigation of criminal cases in the Jambi Regional Police and to determine the effectiveness of fingerprints as supporting evidence in the investigation of criminal cases. The number of criminal cases that occurred in Jambi made the police improve their performance, one of which was in the investigation process by looking for evidence of evidence, one of which was a fingerprint. The results of this study are the use of fingerprints can support the process of proving evidence in the investigation of criminal cases, because the discovery of fingerprints of someone suspected of committing a crime will make it easier for the police to find other evidence, for in Jambi itself the use of fingerprints as preliminary evidence rarely seen from 2016-2019, there were only 5 cases that used fingerprints as an initial guide, because in Jambi itself still had many shortcomings such as at the time of the crime scene many fingerprints were found but many were already damaged, and many criminal acts were indirectly reported, for its own effectiveness the Jambi Regional Police have very complete and sophisticated equipment such as those at the National Police Headquarters and are very effective in terms of cases and tools that all 5 cases that occurred were effective using fingerprints as evidence for initial instructions. Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggunaan sidik jari bisa mendukung proses pembuktian alat bukti dalam proses penyidikan perkara pidana di Polda Jambi serta untuk mengetahui efektivitas sidik jari sebagai pendukung alat bukti dalam proses penyidikan perkara pidana. Banyaknya kasus kejahatan yang terjadi di Jambi membuat pihak kepolisian semakin meningkatkan kinerjanya yang salah satunya ialah dalam proses penyidikan dengan mencari bukti petunjuk yang salah satunya sidik jari. Hasil penelitian ini adalah penggunaan sidik jari bisa mendukung proses pembuktian alat bukti dalam proses penyidikan perkara pidana, karena dengan ditemukannya sidik jari seseorang yang diduga melakukan tindak pidana maka akan memudahkan pihak kepolisian dalam mencari bukti lain, untuk di Jambi sendiri penggunaan sidik jari sebagai bukti awal jarang dilakukan terlihat dari tahun 2016-2019 hanya terdapat 5 kasus yang menggunakan sidik jari sebagai petunjuk awal, karena di Jambi sendiri masih memiliki banyak kekurangan seperti pada saat olah TKP banyak ditemukan sidik jari akan tetapi banyak yang sudah rusak, dan banyak kejadian tindak pidana yang tidak langsung dilaporkan, untuk efektivitasnya sendiri Polda Jambi memiliki peralatan yang sangat lengkap dan canggih sudah seperti di Mabes Polri dan sangat efektif dari segi kasus dan alatnya bahwa dari 5 kasus yang terjadi semuanya efektif dengan menggunakan sidik jari sebagai alat bukti petunjuk awal.

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New challenges in the area of disaster victim identification

Issues of Forensic Science ◽

10.34836/pk.2017.296.4 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 296 ◽

pp. 78-85

Author(s):

Adam Frankowski ◽

◽

Agnieszka Łukomska ◽

Keyword(s):

Crime Scene ◽

International Standards ◽

Scientific Conference ◽

Disaster Victim Identification ◽

Victim Identification ◽

Disaster Victim ◽

Management Procedures ◽

The Subject ◽

Disaster Victim Identification Team

The article focuses on the subject of examining the scene of disaster or terrorism-related offence as well as victim identification. It includes a summary of the fifth edition of the International Scientific Conference “Crime Scene” that took place in Gdańsk from 26 to 27 April 2017. The participants recommended the directions to be taken with a view to ensuring the appropriate use of DVI (Disaster Victim Identification) resources. With respect to on-scene activities, the article emphasizes the need to abide by international standards that are compatible with the Interpol DVI Guide. Crisis management procedures applicable in Poland, governing the activities of state services, with particular regard to the role of the police, are quoted herein. Additionally, the article discusses the initiative of the Maltese Presidency concerning international cooperation in DVI matters, which has been included in the European Council conclusions on the creation of an informal network of experts competent in the field of Disaster Victim Identification. Intensified activities at the international level, which can be perceived as a response to numerous terrorism-related threats observed over recent decades, can lay the foundation for establishing a Disaster Victim Identification team in Poland.

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