Pathological classification and diagnostic criteria for pancreatic neoplasms

Among the rarest causes of acute pancreatitis, there are eosinophilic pancreatitis (EP) and autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). They share some features, such as the low frequency and the association with systemic disorders. Their diagnostic criteria, mainly clinical and laboratory, are different, but both require histological confirmation in most cases: in fact, pancreas is enlarged at CT scan, with tumor-like appearance.Here we discuss the importance of hypereosinophilia in EP and IgG increase in type 1 AIP (included in IgG-related systemic diseases). Differential diagnosis with pancreatic neoplasms and therapy schedules are discussed as well.

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Medulloblastoma

10.1093/med/9780190696696.003.0006 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Robert North ◽

Ganesh Rao

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Clinical Behavior ◽

Pathological Classification ◽

Clinical Scenarios ◽

Tumor Types ◽

Classification And Treatment ◽

Brain Malignancy

Medulloblastoma is the most common brain malignancy in children. This chapter details the current diagnostic criteria, pathological classification, and treatment paradigms. Recent molecular characterization of medulloblastoma has revealed significant variations in clinical behavior of different tumor types. While the treatments for medulloblastoma are generally quite successful, with 5 year survival rates approaching 80%, the responsiveness of each subtype to treatment varies. The authors cover common clinical scenarios along with management pearls and key references.

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Images – Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis

Canadian Urological Association Journal ◽

10.5489/cuaj.4940 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. E425-7

Author(s):

Ailsa May Li Gan ◽

Paul Plantinga ◽

Nahid Punjani ◽

Andrew Hussey ◽

Nicholas Power

Keyword(s):

Mitotic Activity ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Stromal Invasion ◽

Tunica Vaginalis ◽

Single Row ◽

Pathological Classification ◽

Well Differentiated ◽

Nuclear Cytology

Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM) is a rare mesothelial tumour occurring in the tunica vaginalis of the testicle. The pathological classification of paratesticular mesothelial tumours is controversial and continues to evolve in the literature. Diagnostic criteria of one subtype, WDPM, are histological and include the following: 1) papillary or tubular-papillary architecture; 2) bland nuclear cytology; 3) low mitotic activity; 4) lined by a single row of cuboidal cells; and 5) absence of stromal invasion.1,2 This report presents issues of diagnosis of this rare pathology with imaging from an example case.

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An adrenocortical oncocytoma with unusual mitochondrial inclusions and cytoplasmic crystals

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100168980 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 250-251

Author(s):

W.T. Gunning ◽

G.D. Haselhuhn ◽

E.R. Phillips ◽

S.H. Selman

Keyword(s):

Adrenal Gland ◽

Salivary Glands ◽

Mitotic Activity ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Vascular Invasion ◽

Benign Neoplasm ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Nuclear Morphology ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Microscopic Evidence

Within the last few years, adrenal cortical tumors with features concordant with the diagnostic criteria attributed to oncocytomas have been reported. To date, only nine reported cases exist in the literature. This report is the tenth case presentation of a presumptively benign neoplasm of the adrenal gland with a rare differentiation. Oncocytomas are well recognized benign tumors of the thyroid, parathyroid, and salivary glands and of the kidney. Other organs also give rise to these types of tumors, however with less frequency than the former sites. The characteristics generally used to classify a tumor as an oncocytoma include the following criteria: the tumor is 1) usually a solitary circumscribed mass with no gross nor microscopic evidence of metastasis (no tissue nor vascular invasion), 2) fairly bland in terms of mitotic activity and nuclear morphology, and 3) composed of large eosinophillic cells in which the cytoplasm is packed full of mitochondria (Figure 1).

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An Introductory Examination of Speech Disfluencies in Spanish–English Bilingual Children Who Do and Do Not Stutter During Narratives

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/2019_persp-19-00040 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 131-141

Author(s):

Cristina Rincon ◽

Kia Noelle Johnson ◽

Courtney Byrd

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Preliminary Data ◽

Diagnostic Information ◽

English Speakers ◽

Bilingual Children ◽

English Bilingual ◽

Developmental Stuttering ◽

Mean Length Of Utterance

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the frequency and type of speech disfluencies (stuttering-like and nonstuttering-like) in bilingual Spanish–English (SE) children who stutter (CWS) to SE children who do not stutter (CWNS) during narrative samples elicited in Spanish and English to provide further diagnostic information for this population and preliminary data toward an expansion of this study. Method Participants included six bilingual SE children (three CWS, three CWNS) ranging in age from 5 years to 7;5 (years;months) and recruited from the surrounding Houston, Texas area. Participants provided a narrative sample in English and Spanish. The frequency of speech disfluencies was tabulated, and mean length of utterance was measured for each sample. Results Results indicate that both talker groups exceed the diagnostic criteria typically used for developmental stuttering. Regardless of the language being spoken, CWS participants had a frequency of stuttering-like speech disfluencies that met or exceeded the diagnostic criteria for developmental stuttering that is based on monolingual English speakers. The CWNS participants varied in meeting the criteria depending on the language being spoken, with one of the three CWNS exceeding the criteria in both languages and one exceeding the criteria for percentage of stuttering-like speech disfluencies in one language. Conclusion Findings from this study contribute to the development of more appropriate diagnostic criteria for bilingual SE-speaking children to aid in the reduction of misdiagnoses of stuttering in this population.

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