scholarly journals Determinants of Export Performance of Pakistan: Evidence from the Firm-Level Data

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mr. Musleh ud Din ◽  
Ejaz Ghani ◽  
Tariq Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Export Performance ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Export Processing Zones ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Know How ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Side Constraints ◽  
Product And Process

This paper explores the determinants of export performance at the level of firms in respect of their characteristics and supply side constraints. The analysis is based on a survey of export-oriented firms in four major sectors. The results indicate a relationship between the better performance of foreign-owned firms to their better know-how and resources compared to the domestically owned firms. Export performance is positively affected by the level of investment in market/client oriented technologies. Lack of certification of product and process standards is the main supply side constraint adversely affecting the firms’ export performance. Facilitation measures like export processing zones, internationally recognised testing labs, and industrial clusters would be helpful in improving the export performance of firms. JEL classification: F1, L1, L6 Keywords: Trade, Exports, Firms, Performance, Manufacturing

Neo-Dualism: Accumulation, Distress, and Proliferation of a Fissured Informality

2021 ◽  
pp. 048661342110121
Author(s):  
Kasturi Sadhu ◽  
Saumya Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Macro Model ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Firm Level Data

A dominant strand of orthodoxy argues that the problem of the informal sector could be mitigated through the capitalistic growth process. But our observations on India are different—with an expansion of the capitalistic formal sector, as the economy grows, there is a proliferation of fissured informality. Using a structuralist macro-model, we provide certain explanations for this phenomenon, which are also tested empirically using Indian subnational-state and firm-level data. Thus, we explore both the short- and long-run effects of the expansion of the formal sector on the heterogeneous informal economy. While a section of the population is pulled into the advanced informal activities, a vast segment is pushed to petty production. Accordingly, the orthodox transition narrative is questioned and alternative policy and political possibilities are introduced. JEL Classification: O11, O13, O17, P48

scholarly journals Institutional environment, competencies and firm export performance: A study of the emerging country

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
Areej Aftab Siddiqui ◽  
Parul Singh
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Heckman Selection Model ◽  
Export Intensity ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Skilled Labour ◽  
Level Data

The study is an attempt to examine the determinants and impact of export propensity and export intensity for firm-level performance in India. The factors determining export propensity are political stability, corruption, and competition from the informal sector while the determinants of export intensity in the present study are identified as a skill of the labour force, the technological capability of a firm, and foreign ownership of technology in a firm in India. A two-stage Heckman selection model has been advanced to investigate the linkage between the export performance of Indian firms with the home institutional environment and firm competencies. Firm-level data of approximately 8,000 Indian firms are used as available from the World Bank’s Enterprise Surveys (WBES) database. The results indicate that political stability and competition effect export propensity of Indian firms while export intensity is impacted by access to technology and employing skilled labour. The study has important theoretical implications in terms of understanding the exporting behaviour of firms. It indicates that the decision of firms to export and their export performance are interlinked. It is affirmed that export intensity is dependent on firm-specific competencies while institutions indirectly influence the decision of firms to export. The policy measures of Skill India and Make in India strongly favour increased access to the skilled labour force and strengthening the domestic industry which may lead to an increase in the export intensity of Indian firms. The recent institutional measures adopted favour a stable environment of doing business as well as providing firms opportunities to focus and leverage their competencies in the best possible manner. The current nascent steps of policy reforms need to be aggressively implemented for enhanced export capabilities of Indian firms

scholarly journals Determinants of export performance of Ukrainian firms

Equilibrium ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Andrzej Cieślik ◽  
Jan Jakub Michałek ◽  
Iryna Nasadiuk
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Firm Heterogeneity ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Trade Theory ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Firm Level Data

Following the new strand in the new trade theory literature that focuses on firm heterogeneity, in this paper we investigate the determinants of a firm’s export performance in Ukraine. The study is based on the BEEPS firm level data compiled by EBRD and the World Bank. The study covers the period starting in 2005 and ending in 2013. We estimate the probit regressions for each year of our sample as well as for the pooled dataset that includes all years. Our pooled estimation results indicate that the probability of exporting is related to the level of productivity, the firm size, innovation, the share of university graduates in productive employment, as well as the internationalization of firms.

Effects of information sources for new customers and suppliers on the immediate innovation output of firms

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar Medhi ◽  
Palakh Jain ◽  
Tinu Jain
Keyword(s):  
Information Sources ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Product And Process Innovation ◽  
Innovation Output ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
Relational Aspect ◽  
Types Of Information

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a typology of the information sources for new customers or suppliers on the basis of their existing relational linkage with the acquiring firm and to further explore whether various types of information sources for new customers and suppliers have any differential effect on a firm’s immediate innovation output. Design/methodology/approach The research sample was taken from the data collected by WB enterprise surveys (2005). The WB enterprise survey is considerably comprehensive for firm-level data. Relevant questions for the study were extracted from the survey. Simultaneously, EFA, CFA and SEM using AMOS 6.0 was run for the analysis. Findings The findings confirm that sources for a new customer and supplier with a strong relational aspect have a significant positive effect on a firm’s innovation output in the immediately following period. Research limitations/implications The research acknowledges the need to measure the effect of new supplier/customer on innovation depending on the type of information sources separately for product and process innovation as one of the major limitations. Practical implications This research can help managers obtain information of holistic and critical nature to incorporate in decision making for improving firm performance in innovation. Originality/value Customers and suppliers are well-established external sources of innovation ideas and information. But to what extant new customers or suppliers may be effective resources for innovation may depend largely on the sources through which they themselves are acquired by a firm, which is relatively unexplored. This study addresses the gap is the first of its kind to explore the role of the sources of information for new customer/supplier on a firm’s innovation output in the immediately following period.

scholarly journals Can Production Subsidies Explain China's Export Performance? Evidence from Firm-level Data*

2009 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 863-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sourafel Girma ◽  
Yundan Gong ◽  
Holger Görg ◽  
Zhihong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Export Performance ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Firm Level Data ◽  
Production Subsidies

Do Employment Experience and Attractiveness Rankings Matter in Employee Recommendation? A Firm-level Analysis of Employers

2021 ◽  
pp. 0258042X2198994
Author(s):  
Gordhan K. Saini ◽  
I. M. Jawahar
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Employer Branding ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Employment Experience ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Employer Of Choice ◽  
Employer Attractiveness

In this article, we draw on psychological contract theory to examine the influence of employees’ experiences on their ‘employer of choice’ recommendation and on signalling theory to examine the influence of employer rankings on ‘employer of choice’ recommendation. Using firm-level data representing 387 firms, we used Tobit regression model to assess the effect of employment experience and employer attractiveness rankings on employees’ recommendation of a company as an ‘employer of choice’. We found that employment experience of current and former employees positively influenced employees’ endorsement of their employer. Culture and values, and career opportunities are the most significant variables in generating positive employee recommendation. In addition, appearing in most attractive employer rankings also influenced their recommendation. However, employer rankings lower than the median rank had no effect on whether or not employees recommended their organizations. Being ranked lower than the median did not influence employees’ decisions to endorse their organization because it does not have the same potency for employees as when a firm is ranked higher than the median. Results provide us with a nuanced understanding of the effects of employer attractiveness rankings. Our study has important conceptual and methodological strengths (including the firm-level measure of employment experience and word of mouth) over previous studies in the area of employer branding. JEL Classification: M370, M510, M540, C340, M190

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