scholarly journals Synthesis of Best Practices in Forensic Trace Evidence Analysis: Towards a Uniform Approach to Complexity Evaluation

2016 ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
T. M. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
Trace Evidence ◽  
Complexity Measures ◽  
Forensic Casework ◽  
Uniform Approach ◽  
Forensic Practice ◽  
Evidence Analysis ◽  
Regional Centers

The paper addresses the problem of improving the practice of forensic trace evidence examinations with the help of criteria that affect the evaluation of their complexity. It offers a synthesis of data submitted by seven regional centers and four laboratories of the system of forensic science organizations of the Russian Ministry of Justice. It demonstrates that relevant parameters are not always taken into account when assessing the category of analysis complexity, which leads to underestimation of complexity measures in some cases. Recommendations are offered for the optimization of forensic practice to incorporate characteristics reflecting realistic conditions of actual forensic casework.

scholarly journals 2018 Impression, Pattern and Trace Evidence Symposium

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole S. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Trace Evidence ◽  
National Institute Of Justice ◽  
Support Of Research ◽  
Poster Presentations

From January 22 to 25, 2018, RTI International, the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) and the Forensic Technology Center of Excellence (FTCoE) held the 2018 Impression, Pattern and Trace Evidence Symposium (IPTES) in Arlington, VA, to promote collaboration, enhance knowledge transfer, and share best practices and policies for the impression, pattern, and trace evidence forensic science communities. NIJ and FTCoE are committed to improving the practice of forensic science and strengthening its impact through support of research and development, rigorous technology evaluation and adoption, effective knowledge transfer and education, and comprehensive dissemination of best practices and guidelines to agencies dedicated to combating crime. The future of forensic sciences and its contribution to the public and criminal justice community is a motivating topic to gather expertise in a forum to discuss, learn, and share ideas. It’s about becoming part of an essential and historic movement as the forensic sciences continue to advance. The IPTES was specifically designed to bring together practitioners and researchers to enhance information-sharing and promote collaboration among the impression, pattern, and trace evidence analysts, law enforcement, and legal communities. The IPTES was designed to bring together practitioners and researchers to enhance information sharing and promote collaboration among impression, pattern, and trace evidence analysts, law enforcement, and legal communities. This set of proceedings comprises abstracts from workshops, general sessions, breakout sessions, and poster presentations.

scholarly journals To the question on classification of digital footprint

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Vladislav Yur'evich Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Trace Evidence ◽  
Digital Footprint ◽  
Evidence Analysis ◽  
New Type ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Different Characteristics

The subject of this research is the digital footprint and its place in the traditional classification trace evidence in forensic science that is divided into material and ideal. The advent of computer technology led to the need for detailed examination of the trace pattern formed as a result of human activity in computer space, and thus to supplement trace evidence analysis with the new type of trace evidence. A number of forensic experts advances the original concepts on determination of place and role of these traces in trace evidence analysis. The author analyzes different points of view expressed by forensic experts on the matter, as well as presents an original substantiated opinion. The main conclusion of this research consists in the need for rapid adaptation of the approaches of forensic science to the current conditions of information society. The established within forensic science traditional approaches lose their relevance in the current context of the development of computer technology. Commission of unlawful actions in the computer space, particularly with application information and telecommunications technology on the Internet, contributes to the emergence of a specific trace evidence pattern that cannot be attributed to either material or ideal traces. Therefore, it is necessary to supplement the existing classification with a separate section – the digital footprint, which has substantially different characteristics than material or ideal trace evidence.

scholarly journals ABOUT TECHNIQUE CREATION OF AN INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH ON VEGETABLE ORIGIN TRACES

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 556-572
Author(s):  
O. Grosheva
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Dynamic Contact ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Layer Formation ◽  
Trace Evidence ◽  
Evidence Analysis ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Scientific Base

Issue of developing appropriateness a technique for establishing a mechanism for formation of vegetable origin traces on clothing items is investigated. Argument is given about the need to develop such a technique is based on special literature analysis. It is important to use specialized expertise in the form of forensic science including interdisciplinary research to make a correct and objective decision in this case. As a rule, interdisciplinary forensics is an interdisciplinary research because it integrates the knowledge of various branches of science. As separate categories, forensic biological examination and forensic trace evidence analysis have a sufficiently developed scientific base. At the same time, regarding their integration in the form of interdisciplinary researches; there is a shortage of appropriate techniques. This directly relates to the need of developing a technique for establishing green layers on object carriers (garments). It is argued that only integration of the forensic biologist (botanist) knowledge about the nature of vegetable origin layering in combination with the specialized expertise of a forensic trace evidence expert based on tracing mechanisms will lead to a scientifically based result. A series of experiments was carried out which results revealed complexes of signs enough to establish the contact nature (static, dynamic) and the movement direction during dynamic contact. This allowed us to conclude that next series of experiments would be expedient which would simulate circumstances of the contact of clothes with the vegetation of various terrain sections during the crime commission. Together, the experiments will become the basis for creating technique for the mechanism detection of green layer formation on clothing.

scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH COOPERATION IS EFFECTIVE MECHANISM FOR FORENSIC SCIENCE IMPROVEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
O. Kliuiev
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
International Research ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Research Cooperation ◽  
Forensic Practice ◽  
European Standards

The article reveals the content of international research cooperation of science forensic institutions of Ukraine other countries across the world. One of the main areas of work of forensic science institutions of Ukraine is compliance with European standards for forensic examinations and forensic researches. Because of this current trend at the present stage is to expand participation of forensic science institutions in international cooperation, increase their role in the further development of theory and practice of forensic science and criminalistics. It is concluded that improvement of forensic activity in Ukraine and international cooperation in the field of expert support of justice is one of the leading activities of National Scientific Center «Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Forensic Science Institute» of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. The international agreements/memoranda with the partner institutions of NSC « Hon.  Prof.  M. S. Bokarius FSI» are indicated, in which provisions the main strategic directions of research cooperation in the field of forensic science and criminalistics are determined. It is concluded that in-depth research of problematic aspects of forensic practice, use of the latest and most advanced technology in conducting forensic examinations and forensic researches is the guarantee for to improving efficiency of forensic science institutions of Ukraine and in the near future will open new horizons for forensic science  and criminalistics.

Exploring Myths in Digital Forensics

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Gary C. Kessler ◽  
Gregory H. Carlton
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Digital Forensics ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Digital Forensic ◽  
Forensic Practice ◽  
Computer Scientists

Digital forensic methodology deviates significantly relative to the methods of other forensic sciences for numerous practical reasons, and it has been largely influenced by factors derived from the inception and evolution of this relatively new and rapidly changing field. Digital forensics methodology was developed more by practitioners in its early days rather than by computer scientists. This led to accepted best practices in the field that may not represent the best or, at least, tested, science. This paper explores some of these differences in the practice and evolution between digital and other forensic sciences, and recommends scientific approaches to apply to many digital forensic practice rituals.

scholarly journals Research Front Essay: Forensic Chemistry

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Research Front ◽  
Forensic Chemistry ◽  
Trace Evidence ◽  
Fingerprint Detection

The author discusses the benefits for forensic science from greater engagement with basic and other applied areas of chemistry and gives examples of how his organization, the Australian Federal Police, have partnered with academia and others to promote the use of chemistry in areas of trace evidence, illicit drugs, fingerprint detection, and explosives.

scholarly journals Establishment of Forensic Land Surveying in the System of Forensic Science Organizations of the Russian Ministry of Justice

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Zlata V. Trifonova
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Land Dispute ◽  
Forensic Practice ◽  
Land Surveying ◽  
Land Survey ◽  
Judicial Proceedings ◽  
Special Approach ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The ever-increasing need for land survey expertise in judicial proceedings, as well as the complexity of this branch of forensic practice require a special approach to the interpretation of theoretical foundations of forensic land surveying, which led to the author's attempt to define its basic theoretical concepts. The article also considers and describes the most common tasks performed by forensic land survey practitioners in land dispute cases. 

scholarly journals Microbial Community Dissimilarity for Source Tracking with Application in Forensic Studies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle M. Carter ◽  
Meng Lu ◽  
Hongmei Jiang ◽  
Lingling An
Keyword(s):  
Massively Parallel Sequencing ◽  
Microbial Source Tracking ◽  
Massively Parallel ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Trace Evidence ◽  
Parallel Sequencing ◽  
Evidence Analysis ◽  
Community Dissimilarity ◽  
Microbial Sources

AbstractMicrobial source-tracking is a useful tool for trace evidence analysis in Forensics. Community-wide massively parallel sequencing profiles can bypass the need for satellite microbes or marker sets which are unreliable when handling unstable samples. We propose a method utilizing Aitchison distance to select important suspects/sources and then propose several methods to estimate the proportions of microbial communities/samples coming from important suspects/sources. A series of comprehensive simulation studies show that these methods are capable of accurate selection and improve the performance of current methods Bayesian SourceTracker and FEAST in the presence of noise microbial sources.

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