BACKGROUND
Nonlinear electromagnetic waves give us the best opportunity to explore evolutions of cells in biological systems. These waves carry important information about the status and various stages of life and death of a cell in these systems. In fact, cells send their information to other cells by exchanging non-linear fields. In this research, we will use of nonlinear waves for considering the role of initial DNAs in process of formation of the little brain and neural circuits in a chick embryo. Also, these nonlinear waves give us the best opportunity to explore the role of the little brain in voluntary actions in absence of the main brain in a bird. Some of these waves play the role of signal of death and lead to the stop of exchaning information between cells and end the life. The origin of these waves is also one of subjects in our consideration.
OBJECTIVE
There are no objective
METHODS
1.We provide a system of shell-less culture from fertilized eggs. We creack eggshell and transform the whole egg contents to culture vessel. The culture vessels are maintained at $38^{0}C$ and rotated with 120° clockwise twice a day. After 54 h, in most of vessels, chick embryo is emerged. We connect these chick embryos (ex-ovo) to an scope and consider evolutions of nonlinear waves. We analyze evolutions of radiated waves of these embryos before and during formation of head. Then, to consider exchanging information between initial DNAs, we put two systems of chick embryos in an inductor and send a current to it. We consider changes in output currents and compare them with input currents.
2. First, we connect hearts of some birds to an scope and remove their head eventually. We analyze exchanged signals between the little brain on the heart and other parts of body. Then, we removed heads of some birds suddenly and consider radiated signals of the little brain again. This helps us to explore the origin of signal of death in a biological system.
RESULTS
We have four observational results
1.Before formation of brain, the little brain is formed on the heart. This little brain send it's information to other cells by exchanging waves with them. We can observe these waves on the scope.
2. After a period of time, the main brain interior of head is formed and interact with the little brain on the heart. This leads to an increase in observed radiated waves on the scopes.
3. If we put two shell less culture systems of chick embryos in an inductor and send an input currents to it, a magnetic field is emerged that interact with little brains of two systems. Exchanged waves between two little brains change magnetic field and input currents.
4. When, head of a bird is removed eventually,some signals of death exchange between brain on the head and the little brain on the heart and life is ended. However, by cutting heads suddenly, the interaction between head and little brain is stoped and these signals coulnt play any role.
CONCLUSIONS
In this research, we find that after formation of initial DNAs of chick embryo, they exchange electromagnetic signals with medium and each other. In fact, each gene of these DNAs act like the reciever or sender of radio waves. To control the process of transferring information, some circuits are emerged that each circuit depends on the activity of one gene. Because of various types of emitted waves, each neuron has several types of terminals in dendrite and axon to receive and send these waves. Before formation of neurons, initial informations are transmitted by blood molecules. Because of the role of blood molecules in transferring initial information, first circuits are formed on the heart and build the little brain . However, eventually, some circuits are emerged on the head which construct the brain. We bring some reasons for the existence of the little brain. We connect a chick embryo to an scope and observe evolutions of waves during formation of the little brain and the main brain. In absence of brain, the little brain emit some signals, while by passing time and formation of brain, the interaction between these systems leads to an increase in radiated waves. Then, we put two shell-less cultures of chick embryos in an inductor, apply a magnetic field to both of them and show that little brains of these systems interact with each other and change the value of output magnetic field and currents. Next, we consider signals of the little brain of the birds during removing their heads. We find that always, brain send some signals to the little brain and inform it of the end of life. However, if removing is done suddenly, these waves couldnt be exchanged and heart continue to work. This produce some hopes to cure patients.
Comment on Steady mixed convection stagnation-point flow of upper convected Maxwell fluids with magnetic field [International Journal of non-linear mechanics, 44(2009):1048-1055]
