Changes in 24 Hour Blood Pressure and in Cardiac and Vascular Structure in Normotensive Subjects with Parental Hypertension

1. As experimental models of reduced nephron population in man, (a) twelve men aged 15–32 years who had one kidney removed 1–13 years previously and (b) fourteen normotensive men aged 70–90 years were studied. Results were compared with those in eighteen normotensive men aged 18–28 years and eleven men aged 19–33 years with essential hypertension. 2. While the subjects followed a routine of normal diet and daily activity, measurements were made, after overnight recumbency and in the fasting state, of plasma volume and renin activity on one occasion in hospital and of blood pressure on five to fourteen occasions in the home. Blood pressure was also measured after standing for 2 min and plasma renin activity after 1 h standing, sitting or walking. Twenty-four hour urinary aldosterone excretion was also measured. 3. The measurements were repeated in the normotensive subjects and subjects in (a) and (b) above after 10 days of sodium-restricted diet (40 mmol of sodium/day). 4. The mean plasma renin activity (recumbent) in essential hypertensive subjects was higher than in normotensive subjects. In subjects of (a) and (b) above, it was lower than normotensive subjects, and was not increased by dietary sodium restriction in subjects of (a). 5. The mean aldosterone excretion level was lower in old normotensive subjects than in the other groups, and increased in each group after dietary sodium restriction. 6. Mean plasma volume/surface area was not different between the four groups and in normotensive, essential hypertensive and nephrectomized subjects but not subjects aged 70–90 years was negatively correlated with standing diastolic blood pressure.

Download Full-text

Altered blood pressure during sleep in normotensive subjects with type I diabetes.

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/01.hyp.21.2.227 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 227-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 102

Author(s):

A Lurbe ◽

J Redón ◽

J M Pascual ◽

J Tacons ◽

V Alvarez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Type I Diabetes ◽

Type I ◽

Normotensive Subjects ◽

Altered Blood

Download Full-text

Classification of Hypertensive and Normotensive Subjects Using Bilateral Differential Biopotential Signals

10.21203/rs.3.rs-813015/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Arindam Sarkar ◽

Bhaswati Goswami ◽

Ratna Ghosh

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Random Forest ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Pivotal Role ◽

Modern World ◽

Hypertensive Subject ◽

Normotensive Subjects ◽

Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽

Day By Day

Abstract Hypertension or high blood pressure is a severe health issue in the modern world, especially in this pandemic scenario, that can cause many heart related diseases or even death, and it is increasing day by day. For this reason, a reliable, automatic and easy to use system for hypertensive subject detection is an important focus for the researchers. Biopotential signals can play a pivotal role in this regard. Though, few strategies were proposed based on electrocardiogram (ECG) or electrodermal (EDA) signals, but those require special circuitry, as well as trained persons. In this article, a method is proposed to classify hypertensive and normotensive subjects using differential biopotential signals. Neither special circuitry, nor much expertise is required for handling this system. It was assumed that progression of rest is dependent upon blood pressure. To serve the purpose, signals were acquired from both hypertensive and normotensive subjects bilaterally for 10 continuous minutes. Result of the random forest (RF) classification establishes that from the analysis of the progression of the bilaterally acquired differential biopotential signals, hypertensive subjects can be distinguished from normotensive subjects.

Download Full-text

A high-potassium diet reduces infarct size and improves vascular structure in hypertensive rats

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00438.2005 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 292 (1) ◽

pp. R415-R422 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Anne M. Dorrance ◽

David M. Pollock ◽

Olga P. Romanko ◽

David W. Stepp

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Infarct Size ◽

Cerebral Artery ◽

Vascular Structure ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

High Potassium ◽

Wky Rats ◽

Potassium Supplementation

High-potassium diets can improve vascular function, yet the effects of potassium supplementation on ischemic stroke have not been studied. We hypothesized that dietary potassium supplementation would reduce ischemic cerebral infarct size by reversing cerebral artery hypertrophy. Six-week-old male stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) were fed diets containing 0.79% potassium (LK) or 2.11% potassium (HK) for 6 wk; Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were fed the LK diet. The HK diet did not reduce blood pressure, as measured by telemetry, in the SHRSP. Cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. The resultant infarct was smaller in the HK-SHRSP than in the LK-SHRSP: 55.1 ± 6.3 vs. 71.4 ± 2.4% of the hemisphere infarcted ( P < 0.05). Infarcts were smaller in WKY rats (33.5 ± 4.8%) than in LK-SHRSP or HK-SHRSP. The vessel wall of MCAs from LK-SHRSP was hypertrophied compared with WKY rats; this was reversed in HK-SHRSP. RT-PCR analysis of the cerebral vessels showed that expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptors-α and -β, epidermal growth factor receptor, and collagen I and III was increased in the vessels from LK-SHRSP compared with WKY rats and reduced in HK-SHRSP. These results suggest that potassium supplementation provides neuroprotection in a model of ischemic stroke independent of blood pressure and possibly through changes in vascular structure.

Download Full-text

Blood pressure responses to hypnotic and nonhypnotic suggestions in normotensive subjects

Pavlovian Journal of Biological Science ◽

10.1007/bf02995041 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 32-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Helge Sletvold ◽

Geirr Molde Jensen ◽

K. Gunnar Götestam

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Normotensive Subjects ◽

Blood Pressure Responses

Download Full-text

Abstract 531: Regulation of Plasma 20-HETE and Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase by Salt Balance in Normotensive Subjects

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.64.suppl_1.531 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Fernando Elijovich ◽

Nancy J Brown ◽

Ginger L Milne ◽

Cheryl L Laffer

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Epoxide Hydrolase ◽

Direct Relationship ◽

Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase ◽

Salt Balance ◽

Sodium Depletion ◽

Salt Loading ◽

Normotensive Subjects ◽

Stimulation Of

The tissue sources of circulating and urinary 20-HETE and EETs are not well known. We have previously shown urine 20-HETE abnormalities in salt-sensitive (SS) hypertension. We studied plasma 20-HETE and EETs in normotensive volunteers classified as SS or salt resistant (SR) with an acute protocol of salt loading (HS, 460 mmol diet and iv) and depletion (LS, 10 mmol and furosemide). Plasma 20-HETE and total (EET+DHET) or active EET did not differ between SR and SS during baseline (B, UNaV 146±17 mmol/24hr), HS (422±20) or LS (24±6). In normal SR subjects, HS did not affect the levels of either eicosanoid but reduced degradation of EETs into DHETs by decreasing the activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH or DHET/[EET+DHET]). No major clinical or biochemical correlates for plasma 20-HETE were identified in B, HS or LS. In SR but not SS, EET+DHET (r=0.57, p<0.003) and DHET (r=0.45, p<0.03) correlated with aldosterone during B and HS. LS stimulated 20-HETE in both SS and SR and also unexpectedly increased EET+DHET in SR subjects. This did not lead to increased EETs because of concomitant stimulation of sEH with increased degradation into DHETs. In SR, stimulation of 20-HETE by LS correlated with greater natriuresis (r=0.71, p<0.02), greater reduction of MAP (r=0.66, p<0.03) and lesser stimulation of aldosterone (r=0.64, p<0.04), relationships not observed in SS. Finally, in SR subjects only, during B and HS, plasma 20-HETE correlated with the activity of sEH (r=0.56, p<0.005) and levels of DHET (r=0.63, p<0.001), but not with total or active EETs. Our data on stimulation of plasma 20-HETE by LS and its correlates (markers of severity of sodium depletion) suggest recruitment of systemic vasoconstrictor 20-HETE for maintenance of BP. Plasma EET responses to HS and LS are not consistent with its renal natriuretic role but correlate with aldosterone responses to salt balance, perhaps reflecting modulation of aldosterone actions on extrarenal ENaC. Although no significant correlations were detected between blood pressure and EETs, there was a direct relationship between plasma 20-HETE, sEH activity and degradation of EETs into DHETs. This suggests coordinated vasoconstriction and vasodilation by these eicosanoids in normal SR humans, which is disrupted in normotensive SS.

Download Full-text