Subphenotypes of Mild-to-Moderate COPD by Factor and Cluster Analysis of Pulmonary Function, CT Imaging and Breathomics in a Population-Based Survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niki Fens ◽  
Annelot G.J. van Rossum ◽  
Pieter Zanen ◽  
Bram van Ginneken ◽  
Rob J. van Klaveren ◽  
...  
1994 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Förstl ◽  
R. Levy ◽  
A. Burns ◽  
P. Luthert ◽  
N. Cairns

Thirty-seven patients with neuropathologically verified Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been studied prospectively. A principal components analysis of neuron numbers in cortical and subcortical areas revealed two variables: Variable I with high loadings for the hippocampo-parahippocampo-parietal neuron counts and Variable II with high loadings for coeruleo-frontal cell numbers. Both may reflect functional neuroanatomical connections which may act as pathways of neurodegeneration in AD. A cluster analysis based on these neuron numbers yielded three groups of patients: Cluster A with low hippocampo-parahippocampo-parietal cell counts, Cluster B with well-preserved neuron numbers, and Cluster C with low coeruleo-frontal neuron numbers. Differences in clinical features between these patient groups indicated the potential clinical relevance of these clusters.


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