scholarly journals ELECTROPOLISHING OF ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED HIGH CARBON GRADE 316 STAINLESS STEEL

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Tyagi ◽  
Tobias Goulet ◽  
Christopher Riso ◽  
Kate Klein ◽  
Francisco Garcia-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Optical Profilometry ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
316 Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Optical ◽  
Surface Improvement

Improving surface finishing is the critical step in the application of an additively manufactured (AM) component. This paper provides insights into the electropolishing route for the surface improvement of the AM component made up of 316 stainless steel with >6% carbon. We have discussed the Taguchi design of experiment-based process optimization to understand the role of various process parameters. Profilometry and scanning electron microscopy were performed to study the electropolished and unpolished areas of the AM components. Optical profilometry provided an estimate of the amount of material to be removed to achieve shining and smooth AM surface. Optical profilometry also provided analysis of several roughness parameters on the electropolished surface. Electropolishing was effective in reducing the surface roughness below ~0.1 µm RMS. This sub µm RMS roughness makes an AM component suitable for major engineering applications. SEM showed distinctively different microstructure on the electropolished surface. We also conducted water contact angle study and spectroscopic reflectance study on electropolished and unpolished AM component surface. Our study revealed that electropolishing is a highly promising route for improving the surface finishing of AM components.

Role of Methanol on Pitting of Type 316 Stainless Steel

CORROSION ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 1136-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ramgopal ◽  
S. Amancherla
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
316 Stainless Steel

Influence of Surface Treatment of High Carbon Steel on the Reciprocating Wear in Comparison With the 316 Stainless Steel

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. D. Gulhane ◽  
Manish Roy ◽  
S. G. Sapate ◽  
S. B. Mishra ◽  
P. K. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Composite Layer ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
316 Stainless Steel ◽  
First Case ◽  
Reciprocating Wear

Diffusion treatments such as chromising and aluminising of high carbon steel results in the formation of Cr and Al rich layers on the surface. These layers will be responsible for formation of protective Cr2O3 and Al2O3 scale on exposure to corrosive environment. In view of extensive application of 316 Stainless Steel in biomedical engineering, present work is undertaken to examine the influence of diffusion treatment of high carbon steel on the reciprocating wear in Hank’s solution and to compare the same behavior with that of 316 SS. In order to achieve the above mentioned objectives, the wear rates of 316 SS, 304 SS, high carbon steel in aluminised and chromised condition have been evaluated. Though the general characteristics of the wear behavior, such as higher wear rate at higher load and at higher reciprocating speed, for all the materials are similar, aluminised and chromised high carbon steel exhibited best wear resistance especially at high and intermediate load. In simulated body fluid condition, 316 SS exhibited two different material removal mechanisms. In the first case, which is observed at higher load, material loss is by nucleation and propagation of crack. In the second mechanism which is prevalent at low and intermediate load, wear takes place by deterioration of composite layer formed on the surface by mixing the corrosion product and the substrate. Consequently it is noted that wear rate decreases with increase of hardness at higher load. At intermediate and at low load wear rate is less dependent of hardness.

Influence of PWR Environment on Fatigue Crack Initiation and Growth of Type 316 Stainless Steel

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Fujikawa ◽  
Shigeki Abe ◽  
Takao Nakamura ◽  
Masayuki Kamaya
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Crack Initiation ◽  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Monte Carlo Model ◽  
Fatigue Crack Initiation ◽  
Multiple Crack ◽  
316 Stainless Steel ◽  
Fatigue Life Reduction

This study was aimed at investigating the role of crack initiation and growth rate on the fatigue life reduction by environmental effect. First, crack length and the number of cracks were observed on the inner surface of specimens after fatigue test in PWR environment and air. Next, incubation time was deduced by inverse analysis. Third, statistical crack initiation and growth behavior was simulated by a Monte Carlo model. The influence of multiple crack interaction and coalescence to the fatigue life were discussed. It was revealed that environmental effect enhanced crack initiation and accelerated crack growth. Moreover, coalescence of cracks was estimated to influence fatigue life of 316 stainless steel in PWR environment.

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