scholarly journals Quantifying Disaster Resilience of a Community with Interdependent Civil Infrastructure Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Blagojevic ◽  
Fiona Hefti ◽  
Jonas Henken ◽  
Max Didier ◽  
Bozidar Stojadinovic
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Community ◽  
Civil Infrastructure ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Infrastructure Systems ◽  
Unmet Demand ◽  
Resilient Communities ◽  
Supply Capacity ◽  
Resilience Assessment

Disaster resilient civil infrastructure systems are essential for disaster resilient communities. Measuring the resilience of these systems is the first step towards their improvement. This, however, is not easy: civil infrastructure systems are highly complex, operate in different ways, and are affected differently in different disasters. Adding to the complexity are the interdependencies among different systems. The Re-CoDeS framework for quantifying disaster resilience measures the lack of resilience of a system (e.g., a community) as the amount of the system’s unmet demand for a considered resource or service over the resilience assessment interval. This paper extends the Re-CoDeS framework by considering component interdependencies using a demand/supply approach: whenever the demand of a component is not met by the currently available supply capacity of the system, that component ceases to operate and its supply capacity decreases. Interdependency relations among components can change during the resilience assessment interval as the components’ functionality recovers following a disaster. The proposed iRe-CoDeS framework is demonstrated on a virtual community served by three interdependent civil infrastructure systems producing five types of resources and services.

scholarly journals Quantifying Component Importance for Disaster Resilience of Communities with Interdependent Civil Infrastructure Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Blagojevic ◽  
Max Didier ◽  
Bozidar Stojadinovic
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Model Complexity ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Civil Infrastructure ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Infrastructure Systems ◽  
Sobol Indices ◽  
Component Importance ◽  
Importance Analysis ◽  
Community Disaster Resilience

Communities and their supporting civil infrastructure systems can be viewed as an assembly of, often numerous, interacting components. Tools that can identify components relevant for community disaster resilience can help to efficiently allocate limited resources to reach community resilience goals. We use Sobol’ indices to measure the importance of vulnerability and recoverability of components for disaster resilience of communities with interdependent civil infrastructure systems. The initial component importance analysis requires no prior knowledge regarding component’s vulnerability and recoverability. We first rank components based on their importance, using their Sobol’ indices. Secondly, we illustrate how the results of the component importance analysis can be used to improve community disaster resilience. Finally, we use component importance to show how model complexity can be reduced by abstracting less important components.

Simulating the Role of Transportation Infrastructure for Community Disaster Recovery

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Nikola Blagojević ◽  
Max Didier ◽  
Božidar Stojadinović
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Transportation Infrastructure ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Infrastructure Systems ◽  
Recovery Simulation

Functional recovery of transportation infrastructure after a disaster is essential for community disaster resilience as the recovery of damaged community components depends on their accessibility for repair. This paper presents a community disaster recovery simulation that accounts for community component's accessibility for repair using a demand-supply framework. Considered components of a community are viewed as suppliers and/or users of various resources and services essential for community functionality, reflected in components’ supply and demand properties. Whenever the demand of a component is not met, that component ceases to operate, simulating interdependency effects. Similarly, recovery demand is attributed to damaged components, representing the amounts of resources and services (e.g., workers, machinery and transportation services) these components need to recover. The proposed framework is illustrated on a virtual community with 3600 inhabitants supported by several interdependent infrastructure systems. The results show that the transportation network damage slows down the recovery of the virtual community by preventing access to damaged components and reducing the ability of the community to mobilize available repair resources. Furthermore, the effect of such prolonged transportation system recovery on the damage-free infrastructure systems whose functionality was decreased due to their dependency on the affected infrastructure systems, is quantified.

scholarly journals Robotic Sensing and Systems for Smart Cities

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2963
Author(s):  
Hyun Myung ◽  
Yang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Civil Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Systems ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Robotic Sensing

For several decades, various sensors and sensing systems have been developed for smart cities and civil infrastructure systems [...]

Nano Science and Engineering in Mechanics and Materials

Materials ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken P. Chong
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
First Century ◽  
Civil Infrastructure ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Infrastructure Systems ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
Carbon Nano Tubes ◽  
Nano Science

The transcendent technologies include nanotechnology, microelectronics, information technology and biotechnology as well as the enabling and supporting civil infrastructure systems and materials. These technologies are the primary drivers of the twenty first century and the new economy. Mechanics and materials are essential elements in all of the transcendent technologies. Research opportunities, education and challenges in mechanics and materials, including nanomechanics, carbon nano-tubes, bio-inspired materials, coatings, fire-resistant materials as well as improved engineering and design of materials are presented and discussed in this paper.

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