The Orthographic Consistency Effect in French and Spanish: Phoneme-to-Grapheme Mappings Influence Auditory Word Recognition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Furgoni ◽  
Antje Stoehr ◽  
Clara D. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Writing Systems ◽  
Auditory Lexical Decision ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
Consistency Effect ◽  
Auditory Word Recognition ◽  
Phonemic Level ◽  
Phonological Unit ◽  
Orthographic Consistency

PurposeIn languages with alphabetical writing systems, the relationship between phonology and orthography is strong. Phonology-to-orthography mappings can be consistent (i.e., one phonological unit corresponds to one orthographic unit) or inconsistent (i.e., one phonological unit corresponds to multiple orthographic units). This study investigates whether the Orthographic Consistency Effect (OCE) emerges at the phonemic level during auditory word recognition, regardless of the opacity of a language’s writing system.MethodsThirty L1-French (opaque language) and 30 L1-Spanish (transparent language) listeners participated in an L1 auditory lexical decision task which included stimuli with either only consistently-spelled phonemes or both consistently-spelled and a number of inconsistently-spelled phonemes. ResultsThe results revealed that listeners were faster at recognizing consistently-spelled words than inconsistently-spelled words. This implies that consistently-spelled words are recognized more easily than inconsistent ones. As for pseudoword processing, there is a numerical trend that might indicate a higher sensibility of French listeners to phoneme-to-grapheme inconsistencies. ConclusionsThese findings have theoretical implications: inconsistent phoneme-to-grapheme mappings, like inconsistencies at the level of the syllable or rhyme, impact auditory word recognition. Moreover, our results suggest that the OCE should occur in all languages with alphabetical writing systems, regardless of their level of orthographic opacity.

scholarly journals The influence of sentence context and accented speech on lexical access in second-language auditory word recognition

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
EVELYNE LAGROU ◽  
ROBERT J. HARTSUIKER ◽  
WOUTER DUYCK
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Sentence Context ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Semantic Constraint ◽  
Accented Speech ◽  
Auditory Lexical Decision ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
Auditory Word Recognition

Until now, research on bilingual auditory word recognition has been scarce, and although most studies agree that lexical access is language-nonselective, there is less consensus with respect to the influence of potentially constraining factors. The present study investigated the influence of three possible constraints. We tested whether language nonselectivity is restricted by (a) a sentence context in a second language (L2), (b) the semantic constraint of the sentence, and (c) the native language of the speaker. Dutch–English bilinguals completed an English auditory lexical decision task on the last word of low- and high-constraining sentences. Sentences were pronounced by a native Dutch speaker with English as the L2, or by a native English speaker with Dutch as the L2. Interlingual homophones (e.g., lief “sweet” – leaf /liːf/) were always recognized more slowly than control words. The semantic constraint of the sentence and the native accent of the speaker modulated, but did not eliminate interlingual homophone effects. These results are discussed within language-nonselective models of lexical access in bilingual auditory word recognition.

The locus of the orthographic consistency effect in auditory word recognition

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Ventura ◽  
José Morais ◽  
Chotiga Pattamadilok ◽  
Régine Kolinsky
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
Consistency Effect ◽  
Auditory Word Recognition ◽  
Orthographic Consistency

scholarly journals Affective Valence of Words Differentially Affects Visual and Auditory Word Recognition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanji Gao ◽  
Svetlana V. Shinkareva ◽  
Marius Peelen
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Asymmetric Effect ◽  
Affective Valence ◽  
Auditory Lexical Decision ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
Auditory Word Recognition ◽  
Positive Valence ◽  
Decision Times

Recognizing written or spoken words involves a sequence of processing stages, transforming sensory features into lexical-semantic representations. While the later processing stages are common across modalities, the initial stages are modality-specific. In the visual modality, previous studies have shown that words with positive valence are recognized faster than neutral words. Here, we examined whether the effects of valence on word recognition are specific to the visual modality or are common across visual and auditory modalities. To address this question, we analyzed multiple large databases of visual and auditory lexical decision tasks, relating the valence of words to lexical decision times while controlling for a large number of variables, including arousal and frequency. We found that valence differentially influenced visual and auditory word recognition. Valence had an asymmetric effect on visual lexical decision times, primarily speeding up recognition of positive words. By contrast, valence had a symmetric effect on auditory lexical decision times, with both negative and positive words speeding up word recognition relative to neutral words. The modality-specificity of valence effects were consistent across databases and were observed when the same set of words were compared across modalities. We interpret these findings as indicating that valence influences word recognition partly at the sensory-perceptual stage. We relate these effects to the effects of positive (reward) and negative (punishment) reinforcers on perception.

Morphological sensitivity generalizes across modalities

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Gafni ◽  
Maya Yablonski ◽  
Michal Ben-Shachar
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Psycholinguistic Research ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
Auditory Word Recognition ◽  
The Individual

Abstract A growing body of psycholinguistic research suggests that visual and auditory word recognition involve morphological decomposition: Individual morphemes are extracted and lexically accessed when participants are presented with multi-morphemic stimuli. This view is supported by the Morpheme Interference Effect (MIE), where responses to pseudowords that contain real morphemes are slower and less accurate than responses to pseudowords that contain invented morphemes. The MIE was previously demonstrated primarily for visually presented stimuli. Here, we examine whether individuals’ sensitivity to morphological structure generalizes across modalities. Participants performed a lexical decision task on visually and auditorily presented Hebrew stimuli, including pseudowords derived from real or invented roots. The results show robust MIEs in both modalities. We further show that visual MIE is consistently stronger than auditory MIE, both at the group level and at the individual level. Finally, the data show a significant correlation between visual and auditory MIEs at the individual level. These findings suggest that the MIE reflects a general sensitivity to morphological structure, which varies considerably across individuals, but is largely consistent across modalities within individuals. Thus, we propose that the MIE captures an important aspect of language processing, rather than a property specific to visual word recognition.

Individual differences in the size of orthographic effects in spoken word recognition: The role of listeners' orthographic skills

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
NADYA DICH
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Auditory Task ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Spelling Test ◽  
Auditory Lexical Decision ◽  
Orthographic Consistency

ABSTRACTThe goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that the extent to which orthography affects spoken word recognition in literate adults is related to their spelling proficiency. The study included two components: an auditory lexical decision task manipulating orthographic consistency of the stimuli and a spelling test. The results replicated previously found effects of orthographic consistency on the accuracy and latency of lexical decisions. The size of the orthographic effect in the auditory task was estimated for each participant. The variability in the orthographic effect size among participants was partially explained by their spelling skills. Possible interpretations of this finding and methodological implications for future research are discussed.

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