Extending Social Resource Exchange to Events of Abunance and Sufficiency

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.31235/osf.io/3une2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jonas Bååth ◽

Adel Daoud

Keyword(s):

Social Resource ◽

Behavioral Strategies ◽

Resource Exchange ◽

Primary Resource ◽

Systemic Level ◽

Resource State

This chapter synthesizes SRT and SAS-theory, enabling SRT to analyze abundance and sufficiency in tandem with scarcity for analyzing resource exchange. First, we outline how SRT rests on an assumption of scarcity as the primary resource state causing exchange motivations and the problems caused by that assumption. Second, we used SAS-theory to formalize Scarcity, Abundance and Sufficiency (SAS) in an agnostic manner, tying them to different behavioral strategies that individuals use when engaging with a specific resource state. Third, we formalize the relation between individual and systemic level SAS. This relation is influenced by entitlement functions, allowing the distinction between an individual’s experience of absolute and quasi-SAS. This difference is essential, as quasi-SAS implies different exchange motivations and strategies than absolute SAS. Lastly, we demonstrate the formalized relations through two examples of abundance-based motivations, and how quasi-scarcity requires different explanations than absolute scarcity.

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Relationship between Trust Network Structure and Social Resource Exchange of Professional Dancers

Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies ◽

10.51979/kssls.2016.08.65.263 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 65 ◽

pp. 263-274

Author(s):

Bo-Ram Hyun

Keyword(s):

Network Structure ◽

Social Resource ◽

Resource Exchange ◽

Trust Network ◽

Professional Dancers

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Conceptual issues for integrated economic and social resource exchange theories

Journal Of Consumer Studies and Home Economics ◽

10.1111/j.1470-6431.1985.tb00440.x ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 43-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

KATHRYN RETTIG

Keyword(s):

Social Resource ◽

Resource Exchange

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An Interaction Ritual Theory of Social Resource Exchange: Evidence from a Silicon Valley Accelerator

Administrative Science Quarterly ◽

10.1177/0001839220970936 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 000183922097093

Author(s):

Rekha Krishnan ◽

Karen S. Cook ◽

Rajiv Krishnan Kozhikode ◽

Oliver Schilke

Keyword(s):

Peer Relationships ◽

Social Order ◽

Process Model ◽

Social Dilemma ◽

Silicon Valley ◽

Ethnographic Study ◽

Social Resource ◽

Resource Exchange ◽

Social Events ◽

Generalized Exchange

Recent research on start-up accelerators has drawn attention to the central importance of social resource exchange among peers for entrepreneurial success. But such peer relationships contain both cooperative and competitive elements, making accelerators a prime example of a mixed-motive context in which successful generalized exchange—unilateral giving without expectations of direct reciprocity—is not a given. In our ethnographic study of a Silicon Valley accelerator, we sought to explore how generalized exchange emerges and evolves over time. Employing an abductive, sequential mixed-methods approach, we develop a process model that helps explain how a system of generalized exchange may or may not emerge. At the core of this model are the interaction rituals within social events that come to create distinct exchange expectations, which are either aligned or incompatible with generalized exchange, resulting in fulfilled or failed exchanges in subsequent encounters. Whereas fulfilled exchanges can kickstart virtuous exchange dynamics and a thriving generalized exchange system, failed exchanges trigger vicious exchange dynamics and an unstable social order. These findings bring clarity to the puzzle of how some generalized exchange systems overcome the social dilemma in mixed-motive contexts by highlighting the central role of alignment between structure and process.

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Read, Understand, Learn, & Excel: Development and Testing of an Automated Reading Strategy Detection Algorithm for Postsecondary Students

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology ◽

10.1044/2019_ajslp-18-0181 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 1257-1267 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Priya Kucheria ◽

McKay Moore Sohlberg ◽

Jason Prideaux ◽

Stephen Fickas

Keyword(s):

Academic Success ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Expository Text ◽

Reading Strategy ◽

Detection Algorithm ◽

Expository Texts ◽

Human Observer ◽

Behavioral Strategies ◽

Periodic Review ◽

Wide Range

PurposeAn important predictor of postsecondary academic success is an individual's reading comprehension skills. Postsecondary readers apply a wide range of behavioral strategies to process text for learning purposes. Currently, no tools exist to detect a reader's use of strategies. The primary aim of this study was to develop Read, Understand, Learn, & Excel, an automated tool designed to detect reading strategy use and explore its accuracy in detecting strategies when students read digital, expository text.MethodAn iterative design was used to develop the computer algorithm for detecting 9 reading strategies. Twelve undergraduate students read 2 expository texts that were equated for length and complexity. A human observer documented the strategies employed by each reader, whereas the computer used digital sequences to detect the same strategies. Data were then coded and analyzed to determine agreement between the 2 sources of strategy detection (i.e., the computer and the observer).ResultsAgreement between the computer- and human-coded strategies was 75% or higher for 6 out of the 9 strategies. Only 3 out of the 9 strategies–previewing content, evaluating amount of remaining text, and periodic review and/or iterative summarizing–had less than 60% agreement.ConclusionRead, Understand, Learn, & Excel provides proof of concept that a reader's approach to engaging with academic text can be objectively and automatically captured. Clinical implications and suggestions to improve the sensitivity of the code are discussed.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8204786

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Context Aversion, Pavlovian Conditioning, and the Psychological Side Effects of Chemotherapy

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040.2.118 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 118-124

Author(s):

Geoffrey Hall

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Side Effects ◽

Theoretical Analysis ◽

Conditioned Response ◽

Behavioral Strategies ◽

Contextual Cues ◽

Anticipatory Nausea ◽

Laboratory Rats ◽

Anticipatory Nausea And Vomiting ◽

Parallel Case

Patients who have undergone several sessions of chemotherapy for cancer will sometimes develop anticipatory nausea and vomiting (ANV), these unpleasant side effects occurring as the patients return to the clinic for a further session of treatment. Pavlov's analysis of learning allows that previously neutral cues, such as those that characterize a given place or context, can become associated with events that occur in that context. ANV could thus constitute an example of a conditioned response elicited by the contextual cues of the clinic. In order to investigate this proposal we have begun an experimental analysis of a parallel case in which laboratory rats are given a nausea-inducing treatment in a novel context. We have developed a robust procedure for assessing the acquisition of context aversion in rats given such training, a procedure that shows promise as a possible animal model of ANV. Theoretical analysis of the conditioning processes involved in the formation of context aversions in animals suggests possible behavioral strategies that might be used in the alleviation of ANV, and we report a preliminary experimental test of one of these.

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