scholarly journals Mathematical Techniques of Modelling Salary-Based Health Care Contribution

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-112
Author(s):  
Ogungbenle Gbenga Michael
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Mathematical Techniques

This paper is intended to support reforms counteracting the adverse health insurance contribution trends through constructing an actuarially equitable salary-based health care system for experienced health insurance underwriters. The focus is on contribution technique employed by experts who consult for health insurance funds especially when performing official duties as health insurance actuary. The objective is to construct actuarial models of computing employee’s, employer’s and government’s contribution for health insurance care program in a way that permits generally equitable cost-efficient health insurance coverage within the framework of obtainable health benefits policy. Nigeria’s low economic growth rate and primitive technology resulted in an increasing rate of health care costs and consequently, quality health care at affordable prices is far from the reach of enrollees because of inequitable distribution of costs. In order to solve this problem, we constructed a health care model with a deterministic salary function structure to compute contribution on behalf of enrollees as a paradigm shift to an actuarial system of modelling contribution with a goal to building a sustainable health insurance delivery that encourages good health outcomes. From our results, the rate derived from our current model is far below the official rating of  on employee’s salary which is not footed on actuarial basis and hence cheaper and more equitable to adopt.

scholarly journals Correlates of health care access problems among reproductive age women in Ethiopia: In-depth analysis of 2016 Ethiopia demographic Health Survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
koku Tamirat ◽  
Zemenu Tadesse Tessema ◽  
Fentahun Bikale Kebede
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Rural Residence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Reproductive Age Women

Abstract Background Health care access is timely use of personal health services to achieve best health outcomes. Difficulties to access health care among reproductive age women may led to different negative health outcomes to death and disability. Therefore, this study aimed to assess factors associated with problems of accessing health care among reproductive age women in Ethiopia.Method This study was based on 2016 Ethiopia Demography and Health Survey. Individual women record (IR) file was used to extract the dataset and 15, 683 women were included in the final analysis. A composite variable of problem of accessing health care were created from four questions used to rate problem of accessing health care among reproductive age women. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was fitted to identify factors associated with problem of accessing health care. Crude and Adjusted odds ratio with a 95%CI computed to assess the strength of association between independent and outcome variables.Result In this study the magnitude of problem in accessing health care among reproductive age women was 69.9% of with 95%CI (69.3 to 70.7). Rural residence (AOR= 2.13, 95%CI: 1.79 to 2.53), women age 35-49 years (AOR= 1.24, 95%CI: 1.09 to 1.40), married/live together (AOR= 0.72, 95%CI: 0.64 to 0.81), had health insurance coverage (AOR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.70 to 0.95), wealth index [middle (AOR=0.75,95%CI: 0.66 to 0.85) and rich (AOR=0.47,95%CI:0.42 to 0.53)], primary education(AOR= 0.80, 95%CI: 0.73 to 0.88), secondary education (AOR= 0.57, 95%CI:0.50 to 0.64) and diploma and higher education (AOR= 0.43, 95%CI: 0.37 to 0.50) were factors associated with problem of health care access among reproductive age women.Conclusion Despite better coverage of health system, problems of health care access among reproductive age women were considerably high. Health insurance coverage, middle and rich wealth, primary and above educational level were negatively associated with problems health care access. In contrast, older age and rural residence were positively associated with problems of health care access among reproductive age women. This suggests that further interventions are necessary to increase universal reproductive health care access for the achievement of sustainable development goals.

Holes in the Health Insurance System-Who Lacks Coverage and Why

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Hoffman ◽  
Diane Rowland ◽  
Alicia L. Carbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance System ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Care Costs

Lack of health insurance coverage is a large and growing problem for millions of American families. Rising health care costs and economic insecurity continue to threaten the bedrock of the health insurance system - employer-sponsored coverage - while states’ fiscal situations and the escalating federal deficit complicate any efforts at reform. Providing health insurance coverage to the millions of uninsured remains a major health care challenge for the nation and understanding the current health insurance environment, who the uninsured are, and why they are uninsured is critical when considering health care reform. This paper aims to define the problem of the uninsured, providing an overview of the uninsured in America and the roles and limits of private and public insurance. Following this discussion, the paper describes the current health insurance environment and examines the prospects for improving coverage.

scholarly journals Health insurance coverage and health care access in Moldova

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Richardson ◽  
B. Roberts ◽  
V. Sava ◽  
R. Menon ◽  
M. McKee
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Care Access

scholarly journals Problems of health insurance coverage and health care in the United States: public and private solution strategies

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-286
Author(s):  
E. Richard Brown
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Care Financing ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Financing System

A nearly universal consensus has developed in the United States that the current health care financing system is a failure. The system has been unable to control the continuing rapid rise in health care costs (by far, the highest in the world), and it has been unable to stem the growing population that has no health insurance coverage (at least 36 million people). There is nearly universal political agreement that government must provide health insurance to a far greater share of the population than ever before. The political debate now focuses on whether this expanded government role should supplement the private insurance system with an enlarged public program covering those left out of private insurance coverage, or replace private insurance with a universal government health insurance program covering the entire population.

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