Climate Change Adaptation Undertaken by Small-scale Farmers in Nepal: A Reference from Tinau River Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghanashyam Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

Background: Climate change is an emerging challenge that the global society will have to deal with over the coming decades. The task is particularly daunting to developing societies as they are considered more susceptible to climate change because of their exposures and sensitivities to climate-related extremes, and especially because of their restricted adaptive capabilities to deal with the effects of hazardous events. Objectives: This research attempts to seek evidence of adaptation undertaken as a result of climate change-induced impacts and analyze the factors affecting the capability and strategies of climate change adaptation by small scale farmers in Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cum correlational research design was employed in the study following a quantitative approach. Using a convenience sampling method, primary data for each variable was collected from 67 small scale farmers of Tinau River Basin located in the Western region of Nepal. 5-Point Likert Scale questions were prepared and pilot testing was conducted to collect the responses. Descriptive statistics, Kendall Rank Correlation and Cronbach’s Alpha (α) Test were used while analyzing the data and testing the hypotheses. The inferences were made at 5% and 1% level of significance. Results: The findings indicate that the small scale farmers in the Tinau River Basin are experiencing the varied level of changes in climate. It revealed the existence of some barring factors for adaptation, further, insisting that farmers are prone to suffer from capability losses due to climate change. Conclusion: The study concludes that small scale farmers are prone to suffer from capability losses due to climate change. Climate change effects are hampering their ability to cultivate the land, increasingly damaging their production, and causing lower yields of harvests. Implications:  This study suggests that such influencing factors should be taken into prime consideration (while developing additional intervention) to enhance farmers’ capabilities to better cope with climate change effects; thus improving their adaptation measures for maintaining a flourishing relationship with the changing climate.

scholarly journals Effect of Institutional and Farmer Based Climate Change Adaptation Measures on Crop Production in Mavuria Ward, Mbeere South Sub-county, Embu County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
Samuel K. Nyaga ◽  
Geofrey K. Gathungu ◽  
Justin Nyaga ◽  
Jafford R. Njeru
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms

Africa is under pressure from climate stresses and is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. In Kenya, agriculture is the backbone of the economy making it an important contributor to food security of rural households. Currently crop productivity is being affected by continued climate variations and decline in soil fertility. Adaptation to climate change requires to be given high and urgent priority for sustainable crop production. A study was conducted in Mavuria ward, Mbeere South Sub-County, Embu County to evaluate the effects of climate change adaptation on crop production. The study used both descriptive and experimental research designs. The primary data on adaptation measures was collected from farmers and institutions using questionnaires. In the data analysis, descriptive statistics were used to organize the climate data and that of the respondents into frequencies. Further, a Pearson correlation test was done to determine the relationship between farmer and institutional based mechanisms on adaptation to climate change at α=0.05. The main adaptation mechanisms identified were soil fertility improvement, soil and water conservation, early planting, pest and disease control, provision of certified seeds, and awareness creation. In view of these findings, the study recommends continuous implementation of these measures that can help strengthen farmers and institutional adaptation mechanisms towards climate change for improved crop production.

A method for evaluating climate change adaptation strategies for small-scale farmers using survey, experimental and modeled data

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Claessens ◽  
J.M. Antle ◽  
J.J. Stoorvogel ◽  
R.O. Valdivia ◽  
P.K. Thornton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation Strategies

scholarly journals Perception of Environmental Spillovers across Scale in Climate Change Adaptation Planning: The Case of Small-Scale Farmers’ Irrigation Strategies, Kenya

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Volenzo ◽  
John Odiyo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Adaptation Planning ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Adaptation Policy ◽  
Cognitive Failure ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

The failure to acknowledge and account for environmental externalities or spillovers in climate change adaptation policy, advocacy and programming spaces exercabates the risk of ecological degradation, more so, degradation of land. In particular use of unsuitable water sources for irrigation may increase salinisation risks. However, little if any policy assessments and research effort has been directed at investigating how farmer perceptions mediate spillovers from the ubiquitous irrigation adaptation strategy. In this study cognitive failure and/or bias construct is examined and proposed as an analytical lens in research, policy and learning and the convergence of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation discourses. The findings from small-scale farmers, Machakos and Kakamega counties, Kenya, suggest multifaceted biases and failures about the existence and importance of externalities in adaptation planning discourses. Among other dimensions, cognitive failure which encompasses fragmented approaches among institutions for use and management of resources, inadequate policy and information support, as well as, poor integration of actors in adaptation planning accounts for adaptation failure. The failures in such Human-Environment system interactions have the potential to exercabate existing vulnerability of farmer production systems in the long run. The findings further suggest that in absence of risk message information dissemination, education level, farming experience and information accumulation, as integral elements to human capital, do not seem to have significant effect on behaviour about mitigation of environmental spillovers. Implicitly, reversing the inherent adaptation failures calls for system approaches that enhance coordinated adaptation planning, prioritises proactive mitigation of slow onset disaster risks and broadens decision support systems, such as, risk information dissemination integration into the existing adaptation policy discourses and practice.

scholarly journals Climate change adaptation challenges confronting small-scale farmers

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davison Mugiya ◽  
Costa Hofisi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
The Past ◽  
Qualitative Research Methodology ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

Climate change adaptation issues have recently gained attention for the past few years in Zimbabwe. However, little has been done to explore the challenges, associated with climate change in the country. Therefore, this article explores the challenges affecting small-scale farmers in the Zvishavane District of Zimbabwe in coping with climate change vulnerability. The qualitative research methodology encompassing semi-structured interviews was used to collect data from small-scale farmers and other key informants in the study area. The study portrays that small-scale farmers are struggling to cope with climate change due to resource constraints, lack of access to credit and inputs, aid bottlenecks coupled with contradiction of programs among other critical issues.

scholarly journals Determinants of climate change adaptation and perceptions among small-scale farmers of Embu County, Eastern Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-178
Author(s):  
Kangai Ruth ◽  
Wemali Chitechi Everlyn ◽  
Koske James ◽  
Waswa Boaz ◽  
Ngare Innocent
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

scholarly journals Perception of Environmental Spillovers Across Scale in Climate Change Adaptation Planning: The Case of Small-Scale Farmers’ Irrigation Strategies, Kenya

Climate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volenzo Tom Elijah ◽  
John O. Odiyo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Adaptation Planning ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Adaptation Policy ◽  
Cognitive Failure ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

The failure to acknowledge and account for environmental externalities or spillovers in climate change adaptation policy, advocacy, and programming spaces exacerbate the risk of ecological degradation, and more so, the degradation of land. The use of unsuitable water sources for irrigation may increase salinisation risks. However, few if any policy assessments and research efforts have been directed at investigating how farmer perceptions mediate spillovers from the ubiquitous irrigation adaptation strategy. In this study, the cognitive failure and/or bias construct is examined and proposed as an analytical lens in research, policy, and learning and the convergence of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation discourses. A cross-sectional survey design and multistage stratified sampling were used to collect data from 69 households. To elicit the environmental impacts of irrigation practices, topsoil and subsoils from irrigated and non-irrigated sites were sampled and analysed using AAS (atomic absorption spectrophotometer). A generalised linear logistic weight estimation procedure was used to analyse the perception of risks while an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse changes in exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP). The findings from small-scale farmers in Machakos and Kakamega counties, Kenya, suggest multifaceted biases and failures about the existence and importance of externalities in adaptation planning discourses. Among other dimensions, a cognitive failure which encompasses fragmented approaches among institutions for use and management of resources, inadequate policy. and information support, as well as the poor integration of actors in adaptation planning accounts for adaptation failure. The failures in such human–environment system interactions have the potential to exacerbate the existing vulnerability of farmer production systems in the long run. The findings further suggest that in absence of risk message information dissemination, education level, farming experience, and information accumulation, as integral elements to human capital, do not seem to have a significant effect on behaviour concerning the mitigation of environmental spillovers. Implicitly, reversing the inherent adaptation failures calls for system approaches that enhance coordinated adaptation planning, prioritise the proactive mitigation of slow-onset disaster risks, and broadens decision support systems such as risk information dissemination integration, into the existing adaptation policy discourses and practice.

scholarly journals Small-Scale Farmers Associations’ adaptive capacity to climate change in Swaziland sugarcane industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bon’sile F.N. Mhlanga-Ndlovu ◽  
Godwell Nhamo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods Framework ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

This study investigated the existing adaptive capacity for climate change impacts by Small-Scale Famers Associations (SSFAs) in Swaziland’s sugar industry. The analysis of adaptive capacity considered how the livelihood assets (natural, physical, financial, human and social) as discussed in the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF) help promote SSFAs’ adaptive capacity to climate change. The study took place in the Lowveld. Data were generated through a questionnaire from 45 SSFAs supervisors representing more than 2700 farmers. In addition, face-to-face interviews were undertaken with key informants, namely, Swaziland Water and Agricultural Development Enterprise, Swaziland Sugar Association, Ministry of Natural Resources and Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Economic Planning and Development, and the United Nations Development Programme. The results indicate that the farmers have less adaptive capacity, and this affects the implementation of adaptation measures. The priority action towards increased adaptation includes interventions on credit, utility costs and taxes, land resources ownership and management, as well as information dissemination, especially early warning.

Climate change adaptation strategies of small-scale farmers in Ngamiland East, Botswana

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia K. Mogomotsi ◽  
Amogelang Sekelemani ◽  
Goemeone E. J. Mogomotsi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation Strategies
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document