A STUDY ON HIERARCHY OF DEVELOPMENT PLANS IN HONG KONG JUST BEFORE ITS RETURNING TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA : Concept, strategies, plans and control methods of land use

The Law of the People's Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (NSL) was passed on June 30, 2020 by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC). It did not have immediate direct effect in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). After consulting the Committee for the Basic Law of the HKSAR (BLC) and the Government of the HKSAR (HKSARG), the NPCSC added the NSL to Annex III of The Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (Basic Law) before the Chief Executive of the HKSAR (Chief Executive) promulgated the NSL for local application. All this happened on June 30, enabling the NSL to enter into force at 11 p.m., just ahead of the twenty-third anniversary of the establishment of the HKSAR on July 1, 2020.

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Contemporary Practice of the United States Relating to International Law

The American Journal of International Law ◽

10.2307/2954186 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 91 (3) ◽

pp. 493-517

Author(s):

Marian Nash (Leich)

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Law Enforcement ◽

International Law ◽

The United States ◽

People’S Republic Of China ◽

People's Republic Of China ◽

Republic Of China ◽

The Government ◽

Contemporary Practice

On March 3,1997, President William J. Clinton transmitted to the Senate for its advice and consent to ratification as a treaty the Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Hong Kong for the Surrender of Fugitive Offenders, signed at Hong Kong on December 20,1996. In his letter of transmittal, President Clinton pointed out that, upon its entry into force, the Agreement would “enhance cooperation between the law enforcement communities of the United States and Hong Kong, and … provide a framework and basic protections for extraditions after the reversion of Hong Kong to the sovereignty of the People’s Republic of China on July 1, 1997.” The President continued: Given the absence of an extradition treaty with the People’s Republic of China, this Treaty would provide the means to continue an extradition relationship with Hong Kong after reversion and avoid a gap in law enforcement. It will thereby make a significant contribution to international law enforcement efforts.The provisions of this Agreement follow generally the form and content of extradition treaties recently concluded by the United States. In addition, the Agreement contains several provisions specially designed in light of the particular status of Hong Kong. The Agreement’s basic protections for fugitives are also made expressly applicable to fugitives surrendered by the two parties before the new treaty enters into force.

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Verbenone interrupts attraction to host volatiles and reduces attack on Pinus tabuliformis (Pinaceae) by Dendroctonus valens (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in the People's Republic of China

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/n03-021 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 135 (5) ◽

pp. 721-732 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Jianghua Sun ◽

Nancy E. Gillette ◽

Zhengwan Miao ◽

Le Kang ◽

Zhongning Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Mortality ◽

People’S Republic Of China ◽

People's Republic Of China ◽

Trap Catch ◽

Forest Pests ◽

Republic Of China ◽

Dendroctonus Valens ◽

Pinus Tabuliformis ◽

Volatile Blend ◽

And Control

AbstractThe introduced red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens LeConte, is one of the most economically important forest pests in the People's Republic of China, having killed more than 6 million pines in recent years. There is an urgent need to develop effective behavioral chemicals to monitor and control D. valens in the People's Republic of China, as well as in its native range in North America. We tested host kairomones as a 1:1:1 blend of α-pinene, β-pinene, and Δ-3-carene (releasing in the same proportions) for monitoring D. valens populations in the People's Republic of China. We also tested two release systems of verbenone for protection of Pinus tabuliformis Lawson from D. valens attack: (1) polyethylene bubblecaps (BCs) filled with 800 mg of nearly pure verbenone (releasing 18 mg/tree per day) and (2) a sprayable water suspension of microencapsulated (MEC) verbenone (releasing about 100 mg/tree per day). The host-volatile blend trapped substantial numbers of both sexes of adult beetles, up to 15 beetles per day, proving its potential for monitoring. Both of the verbenone release systems significantly reduced D. valens trap catch, and there was no difference between the BC treatment and the MEC treatment. Both release systems also reduced beetle attack on trees to the same level as unbaited controls, from a mean of 5.1 per tree to a mean of 0.7 per tree (for both release systems), suggesting that the treatments may also reduce tree mortality.

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Application and Conclusion of Treaties in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China: Sixteen Years of Practice

Chinese Journal of International Law ◽

10.1093/chinesejil/jmt030 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 589-612

Author(s):

W. P. Lung

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

People’S Republic Of China ◽

Special Administrative Region ◽

People's Republic Of China ◽

Republic Of China ◽

Administrative Region

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What’s the lender liability risk for soil pollution in the People’s Republic of China? An evaluation of China’s new Soil Pollution and Control Law in the light of the USA and UK regimes

Environmental Law Review ◽

10.1177/1461452919862972 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 173-188

Author(s):

Lloyd Andrew Brown

Keyword(s):

Soil Pollution ◽

People’S Republic Of China ◽

People's Republic Of China ◽

Republic Of China ◽

The Usa ◽

The Law ◽

Lender Liability ◽

Management Advice ◽

And Control ◽

People's Congress

On 1 January 2019, following a presidential order confirming its adoption by the Fifth Session of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Soil Pollution and Control 2019 (SPC) was introduced into law. Succinctly, the SPC was enacted to deal with the vast amount of soil pollution that currently exists in China. This article’s central thesis is that, following a comparative analysis of the regulatory regimes in the USA and UK, the law creates environment-related risks for lenders. In particular, the article is concerned with the risk of lender liability, that is, where the lender itself is made directly liable for the costs of soil pollution remediation. In light of the USA and UK regimes, risk management advice is provided for obviating any prospective lender liability that may be forthcoming from the SPC. As with the regulations in other countries, it appears that the degree of ‘control’ that lenders exercise over their clients must be limited to mitigate the possible transference of any direct liability under the PRC’s principles of property rights law.

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