PENGARUH PUPUK HAYATI DENGAN KOMPOSISI MIKROORGANISME YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN

Biofertilizer can be used to replace chemical fertilizer so that soil quality is maintained and soil pollution can be avoided. The study aimed to determine the effect of biofertilizers with different compositions of microorganisms on the growth of maize plants. The research was carried out in a greenhouse. Maize plants were fertilized by two kinds of biofertilizers with different compositions of microorganisms. The first biofertilizer contained Azotobacter sp, Azospirillum sp, Rhizobium sp, Trichoderma sp, and Lactobacillus sp, and the second biofertilizer contained Strenotrophomonas sp. and Paenibacillus polymyxa. As controls, maize plants were fertilized by sterilized those biofertilizers. The results showed that the second biofertilizer increased the dry weight of the maize plant. Meanwhile, the first biofertilizer did not increase it. Several things must be considered in the application of biofertilizers, such as the composition of microorganisms, type of plant, level of fertilization, and the method of applying fertilizer to the plant.

Prospects of Using Soil Microbiome of Mine Tips for Remediation of Anthropogenically Disturbed Ecosystems

Introduction. Coal industry increases soil pollution with heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Therefore, resoiling is an urgent problem that requires an immediate solution. The present research objective was to substantiate the use of microorganisms from mine tips in order to decrease soil pollution with heavy metals and oil compounds. Study objects and methods. The review featured five years of publications in Scopus, Web of Science, and Elibrary, which were subjected to analysis, systematization, and generalization. Results and discussion. Coal industry changes landscapes, flora, fauna, and soil microbiome. Bioremediation uses various microorganisms as means of resoiling. Some microorganisms isolated from coal mining waste are resistant to heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and are able to utilize them. For instance, such bacteria as Bacillus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are capable of degrading oil pollutants. Microorganisms of Enterobacter and Klebsiella species were found to be resistant to copper, iron, lead, and manganese. Bacteria of the genera Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Pseudoarthrobacter, and Sinomonas are now to be resistant to nickel, arsenic, and chromium. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increase the activity of soil enzymes, improve soil fertility, and decompose various organic compounds. Conclusion. Sequencing methods make it possible to determine the species composition of soils in mine tips in order to search for new strains capable of restoring former mining areas.

A Study of Soil Pollution by Road Runoff

Road runoff, a representative non-point source pollution, is known to seriously deteriorate the river water quality. In order to prevent river contamination due to road runoff, road runoff is infiltrated into the soil along the river. However, road runoff containing high concentrations of heavy metals and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) can cause soil pollution. In this study, soil samples were collected at the point where road runoff flows, and the concentrations of heavy metals, such as cadmium, lead, and zinc, and TPH in them were compared with that in uncontaminated soil. Consequently, the concentration of heavy metals in the soil into which the road runoff flows was up to 21 times higher than that of the nearby uncontaminated soil. In conclusion, the discharge of road runoff into the soil seriously pollutes the soil. Therefore, direct discharge of road runoff to soil should be prevented to prevent soil pollution.

Application of AHP – Entropy–TOPSIS methodology for soil heavy metal classification: Analysis of soil environment status in Jingshan as a case study

Given the complexity of the soil environment, the evaluation of soil pollution should consider the comprehensive weight of multiple evaluation factors to obtain highly objective and scientific conclusions. In this paper, two main ways are proposed to comprehensively analyze the degree of heavy metal pollution in the region: the combination of subjective weight (the analytic hierarchy process method) and objective weight (the entropy method) to determine the combination weight, and the use of the TOPSIS method to quantify the relative relationship between samples and the soil background values in the study area and analyze the spatial and geographical distribution of heavy metal elements in the samples.Analysis results show that the weight ranking of 31 out of 56 samples in the study area is higher than that based on the soil background value of Hubei Province, indicating that 55.36% of the samples had a comprehensive pollution degree lower than the soil background value of Hubei Province. According to the spatial distribution of heavy metal pollution, the soil pollution status in the study area is poor, and some parts are polluted by heavy metals to a certain extent.