Simulation of the June 11, 2010, flood along the Little Missouri River near Langley, Arkansas, using a hydrologic model coupled to a hydraulic model

Abstract. Mediterranean catchments are regularly affected by fast and flash floods. Numerous hydrologic models have been developed, and allow modelling of these floods. However, these approaches often concern average-size basins of a few hundred km2. At larger scales (>1000 km2), coupling of hydrologic and hydraulic models appears to be an adapted solution. This study has as its first objective the evaluation of the performances of a coupling of models for flood hydrograph modelling. Secondly, the coupling results are compared with those of other modelling options. The aim of these comparisons is to clear up the following points. (1) Is a simplified routing model (lag and route) as efficient as a full hydraulic model for the modelling of hydrographs, in the intermediary downstream part of the stream? (2) Is adding lateral inflows necessary for all studied events? (3) What is the impact of the qualities of upstream hydrologic modelling feeding the coupling? The coupling combines the SCS–LR (Soil Conservation Service–lag-and-route) hydrologic model of the ATHYS platform and the MASCARET 1-D hydraulic model based on full Saint-Venant equations. It is applied to the Gardon River basin (2040 km2) in the south of France. For the seven studied events, the results of the coupling are satisfactory, the calculated Nash indexes varying between 0.61 and 0.97. The comparisons with the other modelling options show the important role of the spatial distribution of rains during events: when rains are centered on the intermediary downstream part of the catchment, adding lateral inflows is necessary; when rains are more important in the upstream part, the quality of the hydrologic modelling upstream of the coupling has a strong impact. Furthermore, the used coupling of models seems well adapted for water rising and flooded area forecasting. The future developments of the tool will concentrate on this point.

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Calibration and sequential updating of a coupled hydrologic-hydraulic model using remote sensing-derived water stages

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-13-367-2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 367-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

M. Montanari ◽

R. Hostache ◽

P. Matgen ◽

G. Schumann ◽

L. Pfister ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Microwave Remote Sensing ◽

Hydrologic Model ◽

Hydraulic Model ◽

Water Levels ◽

Storm Event ◽

Observation Data ◽

Flood Inundation ◽

Rainfall Runoff

Abstract. Two of the most relevant components of any flood forecasting system, namely the rainfall-runoff and flood inundation models, increasingly benefit from the availability of spatially distributed Earth Observation data. With the advent of microwave remote sensing instruments and their all weather capabilities, new opportunities have emerged over the past decade for improved hydrologic and hydraulic model calibration and validation. However, the usefulness of remote sensing observations in coupled hydrologic and hydraulic models still requires further investigations. Radar remote sensing observations are readily available to provide information on flood extent. Moreover, the fusion of radar imagery and high precision digital elevation models allows estimating distributed water levels. With a view to further explore the potential offered by SAR images, this paper investigates the usefulness of remote sensing-derived water stages in a modelling sequence where the outputs of hydrologic models (rainfall-runoff models) serve as boundary condition of flood inundation models. The methodology consists in coupling a simplistic 3-parameter conceptual rainfall-runoff model with a 1-D flood inundation model. Remote sensing observations of flooded areas help to identify and subsequently correct apparent volume errors in the modelling chain. The updating of the soil moisture module of the hydrologic model is based on the comparison of water levels computed by the coupled hydrologic-hydraulic model with those estimated using remotely sensed flood extent. The potential of the proposed methodology is illustrated with data collected during a storm event on the Alzette River (Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg). The study contributes to assess the value of remote sensing data for evaluating the saturation status of a river basin.

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A Coupled Hydrologic–Hydraulic Model (XAJ–HiPIMS) for Flood Simulation

Water ◽

10.3390/w12051288 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1288

Author(s):

Yueling Wang ◽

Xiaoliu Yang

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Large Scale ◽

Graphics Processing Unit ◽

Hydrologic Model ◽

Hydraulic Model ◽

Small Scale ◽

Processing Unit ◽

Rainfall Runoff ◽

Graphics Processing ◽

The Impact

To protect ecologies and the environment by preventing floods, analysis of the impact of climate change on water requires a tool capable of considering the rainfall-runoff processes on a small scale, for example, 10 m. As has been shown previously, hydrologic models are good at simulating rainfall-runoff processes on a large scale, e.g., over several hundred km2, while hydraulic models are more advantageous for applications on smaller scales. In order to take advantages of these two types of models, this paper coupled a hydrologic model, the Xinanjing model (XAJ), with a hydraulic model, the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)-accelerated high-performance integrated hydraulic modelling system (HiPIMS). The study was completed in the Misai basin (797 km2), located in Zhejiang Province, China. The coupled XAJ–HiPIMS model was validated against observed flood events. The simulated results agree well with the data observed at the basin outlet. The study proves that a coupled hydrologic and hydraulic model is capable of providing flood information on a small scale for a large basin and shows the potential of the research.

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