Laser Stimulation Applied to Dynamic IC Diagnostics

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Beaudoin ◽  
Romain Desplats ◽  
Philippe Perdu ◽  
Abdellatif Firiti ◽  
Gerald Haller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Test Pattern ◽  
Infrared Laser ◽  
Continuous Laser ◽  
Laser Stimulation ◽  
Defect Localization ◽  
Resistive Defects

Abstract Near-infrared laser stimulation techniques such as OBIRCH, TIVA, OBIC and LIVA are now commonly used to localize resistive defects from the front and backside of ICs. However, these laser stimulation techniques cannot be applied to dynamically failed ICs. Recently, two laser stimulation techniques dedicated to dynamic IC diagnostics have been proposed. These two techniques, called Resistive Interconnection Localization (RIL) and Soft Defect Localization (SDL), combine a continuous laser beam with a dynamically emulated IC. The laser stimulation effect on the circuit is monitored through the applied test pattern pass/fail status. This paper presents the methodology to move from static to dynamic laser stimulation. The application of such Dynamic Laser Stimulation (DLS) techniques is illustrated on dynamically failed microcontrollers.

Laser Deposition of Polymer Micro- and Nanoassembly from Solution Using Focused Near-Infrared Laser Beam

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Nabetani ◽  
Hiroyuki Yoshikawa ◽  
Andrew C. Grimsdale ◽  
Klaus Müllen ◽  
Hiroshi Masuhara
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Laser ◽  
Laser Deposition ◽  
Infrared Laser Beam

scholarly journals Near-Infrared Laser Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve in Guinea Pigs

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Guan ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Muqun Yang ◽  
Kai Zhu ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Laser ◽  
Laser Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Impact of heat on metabolic and hemodynamic changes in transcranial infrared laser stimulation measured by broadband near-infrared spectroscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinlong Wang ◽  
Divya D. Reddy ◽  
Sahil S. Nalawade ◽  
Suvra Pal ◽  
F. Gonzalez-Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Laser ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Laser Stimulation

Manipulation of liquid crystal textures with a focused near infrared laser beam

1997 ◽  
Vol 71 (15) ◽  
pp. 2085-2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-ichi Hotta ◽  
Keiji Sasaki ◽  
Hiroshi Masuhara
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Laser ◽  
Infrared Laser Beam

scholarly journals Up-regulation of cerebral cytochrome-c-oxidase and hemodynamics by transcranial infrared laser stimulation: A broadband near-infrared spectroscopy study

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 3789-3802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinlong Wang ◽  
Fenghua Tian ◽  
Divya D Reddy ◽  
Sahil S Nalawade ◽  
Douglas W Barrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cerebral Metabolism ◽  
Infrared Laser ◽  
Cortical Region ◽  
Laser Stimulation

Transcranial infrared laser stimulation (TILS) is a noninvasive form of brain photobiomulation. Cytochrome-c-oxidase (CCO), the terminal enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, is hypothesized to be the primary intracellular photoacceptor. We hypothesized that TILS up-regulates cerebral CCO and causes hemodynamic changes. We delivered 1064-nm laser stimulation to the forehead of healthy participants ( n = 11), while broadband near-infrared spectroscopy was utilized to acquire light reflectance from the TILS-treated cortical region before, during, and after TILS. Placebo experiments were also performed for accurate comparison. Time course of spectroscopic readings were analyzed and fitted to the modified Beer–Lambert law. With respect to the placebo readings, we observed (1) significant increases in cerebral concentrations of oxidized CCO (Δ[CCO]; >0.08 µM; p < 0.01), oxygenated hemoglobin (Δ[HbO]; >0.8 µM; p < 0.01), and total hemoglobin (Δ[HbT]; >0.5 µM; p < 0.01) during and after TILS, and (2) linear interplays between Δ[CCO] versus Δ[HbO] and between Δ[CCO] versus Δ[HbT]. Ratios of Δ[CCO]/Δ[HbO] and Δ[CCO]/Δ[HbT] were introduced as TILS-induced metabolic-hemodynamic coupling indices to quantify the coupling strength between TILS-enhanced cerebral metabolism and blood oxygen supply. This study provides the first demonstration that TILS causes up-regulation of oxidized CCO in the human brain, and contributes important insight into the physiological mechanisms.

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