scholarly journals Perineal Ectopia of Male Genitalia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
LE TAN SON ◽  
LE TAN SON ◽  
LE THANH HUNG ◽  
PHAM NGOC THACH ◽  
LE NGUYEN YEN
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Male External Genitalia

The authors present a case of Perineal Ectopia of Male External Genitalia with successful surgical treatment.

Embryology of the Male External Genitalia

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Charles J. Devine
Keyword(s):  
External Genitalia ◽  
Male External Genitalia

Cytogenetics and sex determination in man and mammals

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (S2) ◽  
pp. 7-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Mutant Gene ◽  
Normal Female ◽  
Human Female ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Male Development ◽  
Sex Development ◽  
Internal Genitalia ◽  
Male External Genitalia

SummarySex in man and probably throughout the class mammalia is normally determined by the presence of a Y chromosome (male) or its absence (female). The presence of genetic loci on both the long and the short arm of the X chromosome in double dose appears to be essential for the development of mature functional ovaries in the human female though a single X suffices in the female mouse.The development of masculine genital anatomy and phenotype is a consequence of prior formation of testes. In the absence of gonads of either kind, female internal and external genitalia are formed but secondary sex development fails. In rare human families a mutant gene suppresses the development of male external genitalia in 46, XY embryos but permits the development of testes and male internal genitalia. The external phenotype is normal female (syndrome of testicular feminization). A sex-linked mutant gene in the mouse has a similar effect.The locus or loci directly concerned with male development might lie wholly on the Y chromosome or might be located on another chromosome or chromosomes. In the latter case it (or they) must be repressed in the female and normally activated by a locus or loci on the Y chromosome in the male. Present evidence does not permit the exclusion of either possibility.

scholarly journals The Role of Sonic Hedgehog-Gli2 Pathway in the Masculinization of External Genitalia

Endocrinology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (7) ◽  
pp. 2894-2903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Miyagawa ◽  
Daisuke Matsumaru ◽  
Aki Murashima ◽  
Akiko Omori ◽  
Yoshihiko Satoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Urethral Plate ◽  
Male External Genitalia

During embryogenesis, sexually dimorphic organogenesis is achieved by hormones produced in the gonad. The external genitalia develop from a single primordium, the genital tubercle, and their masculinization processes depend on the androgen signaling. In addition to such hormonal signaling, the involvement of nongonadal and locally produced masculinization factors has been unclear. To elucidate the mechanisms of the sexually dimorphic development of the external genitalia, series of conditional mutant mouse analyses were performed using several mutant alleles, particularly focusing on the role of hedgehog signaling pathway in this manuscript. We demonstrate that hedgehog pathway is indispensable for the establishment of male external genitalia characteristics. Sonic hedgehog is expressed in the urethral plate epithelium, and its signal is mediated through glioblastoma 2 (Gli2) in the mesenchyme. The expression level of the sexually dimorphic genes is decreased in the glioblastoma 2 mutant embryos, suggesting that hedgehog signal is likely to facilitate the masculinization processes by affecting the androgen responsiveness. In addition, a conditional mutation of Sonic hedgehog at the sexual differentiation stage leads to abnormal male external genitalia development. The current study identified hedgehog signaling pathway as a key factor not only for initial development but also for sexually dimorphic development of the external genitalia in coordination with androgen signaling.

Memoirs: On the Development of the Male Genitalia and the Efferent Genital Ducts in Lepidoptera

1933 ◽  
Vol s2-76 (301) ◽  
pp. 35-61
Author(s):  
DEV RAJ MEHTA
Keyword(s):  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Proximal Portion ◽  
Genital System ◽  
Larval Life ◽  
Accessory Glands

A general account of the internal reproductive organs and the external genitalia and their development is given. The ‘penis lobes’ develop earlier than the ‘valvae lobes’, and independently of them. The tegumen is the modified ninth tergite. The tenth segment is visibly distinguished into a tergal and sternal part in the pupal stages, and the anal tube passes between the two sclerites. The uncus and the gnathos are dorsal and ventral processes respectively of the tenth segment. The anellus lobes develop as lateral processes of the ninth sternite on either side of the penis. The vasa deferentia during larval life do not extend beyond the eighth abdominal segment and lie in a latero-ventral position. They meet the extensions from the ectodermal ‘ductus ejaculatorius duplex’ during the last larval stadium. From the earliest caterpillar stage there exists a pair of ectodermal ducts formed by the differentiation of the epidermis on the ninth sternite. Towards the end of larval life they divide by constriction to form the accessory glands and the ‘ductus ejaculatory duplex’. At this stage they extend on either side to meet the vasa deferentia. The vesiculae seminales develop by distension from the region of junction between the vasa deferentia and the proximal portion of the ejaculatory duct. The ‘ductus ejaculatorius simplex’ arises as an ectodermal invagination between the pair of ‘penis lobes’ during the final larval instar. It is established that, with the exception of the vasa deferentia, all the remaining elements in the efferent genital system are derived from the ectoderm.

scholarly journals Intersexuality in a crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous)

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 510-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos R.F. Mattos ◽  
Lucilene Simões-Mattos ◽  
Célso Pilati ◽  
Lúcia D.M. Silva ◽  
Sheyla F.S. Domingues
Keyword(s):  
External Genitalia ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Gonadal Tissue ◽  
Bilateral Cryptorchidism ◽  
Reproductive Disorder ◽  
Post Mortem Findings ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous ◽  
Male External Genitalia ◽  
The Right ◽  
Reproductive Pathology

Intersexuality is a reproductive pathology that has been described in wild animals in recent years. However, its occurrence and consequences remain obscure and therefore all aspects of this reproductive disorder deserve attention. The aim of this study is to report a case of intersexuality with probable absence of gonadal tissue in the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) native to Brazil. The animal has male external genitalia, but its prepuce and penis were both hypoplastic. Because of a clinical suspicion of bilateral cryptorchidism, a laparotomy was performed and the absence of prostate and gonads were revealed. The procedure also revealed vas deferentia, extending laterally from the each side of the bladder basis to the right and left abdominal wall muscles. The animal died one month later, and post mortem examination confirmed the absence of prostatic and gonadal tissues. Muscular structures similar to uterine horns and cervix were founded macroscopically and confirmed by optic microscopy. In addition, post mortem findings corroborate with penis hypoplasia, since penile bone presence was observed. The vasa deferentia had a normal tissue structure, although hypoplastic. In conclusion, the case of a crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) reported here represents a proved intersexual animal with probable absence of gonadal tissue.

Management of Trauma to the Male External Genitalia: The Usefulness of American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Organ Injury Scales

2003 ◽  
Vol 170 (6) ◽  
pp. 2311-2315 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALICIA M. MOHR ◽  
ANNETTE M. PHAM ◽  
ROBERT F. LAVERY ◽  
ZIAD SIFRI ◽  
VLADISLAV BARGMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Association ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Male External Genitalia
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