Analisis Termodinamika Siklus Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap Kapasitas 1500 kW

Ochtafian Wahyu Irawan; Lutvin Susdiawan Pratama; Chairil Insani

doi:10.31543/jtm.v5i3.579

Analisis Termodinamika Siklus Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap Kapasitas 1500 kW

Jurnal Teknik Mesin ITI ◽

10.31543/jtm.v5i3.579 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 109

Author(s):

Ochtafian Wahyu Irawan ◽

Lutvin Susdiawan Pratama ◽

Chairil Insani

Keyword(s):

Saturated Water ◽

Vapor Temperature ◽

Liquid Vapor

Pembangkit Listrik digunakan untuk membangkitkan listrik dari berbagai sumber energi seperti pembangkit listrik tenaga uap (PLTU). PLTU ini memiliki kapasitas 1500 kW dengan data data yang telah diperoleh tekanan dan temperatur berdasarkan tabel properties of saturated water (liquid–vapor) temperature maka dapat dilakukan perhitungan kualitas campuran pada kondensor dan efisiensi termal pada suatu siklus pembangkit listrik tersebut. Uap jenuh memasuki turbin pada siklus Rankine ideal pada tekanan 20 bar dan mengalami ekspansi pada turbin sampai pada tekanan kondensor 2,5 bar. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan perhitungan efisiensi termal siklus pembangkit listrik tenaga uap tersebut, kemudian setelah dilakukan perhitungan didapatkan hasil efisiensi termal siklus tersebut adalah 19,3%. Efisiensi termal dapat ditingkatkan dengan melakukan penurunan suhu dan tekanan pada kondensor, meningkatkan tekanan pada boiler, dan meningkatkan suhu ketika fluida kerja dalam keadaan superheated.

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Appendix 6: Thermodynamic Properties of Saturated Water and Saturated Water Vapor—Temperature Table

Advanced Energy Systems ◽

10.1201/b14928-25 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 591-592

Keyword(s):

Water Vapor ◽

Thermodynamic Properties ◽

Saturated Water Vapor ◽

Saturated Water ◽

Vapor Temperature

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Replication of Wet Objects and Cells

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100050524 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 102-103

Author(s):

S. Basu ◽

D. F. Parsons

Keyword(s):

Water Vapor Pressure ◽

High Vacuum ◽

Polystyrene Latex ◽

Vacuum System ◽

Saturated Water Vapor ◽

Replication Method ◽

New Methods ◽

Saturated Water ◽

Water Vapors ◽

Intermediate Chamber

We are approaching the invasiveness of cancer cells from the studies of their wet surface morphology which should distinguish them from their normal counterparts. In this report attempts have been made to provide physical basis and background work to a wet replication method with a differentially pumped hydration chamber (Fig. 1) (1,2), to apply this knowledge for obtaining replica of some specimens of known features (e.g. polystyrene latex) and finally to realize more specific problems and to improvize new methods and instrumentation for their rectification. In principle, the evaporant molecules penetrate through a pair of apertures (250, 350μ), through water vapors and is, then, deposited on the specimen. An intermediate chamber between the apertures is pumped independently of the high vacuum system. The size of the apertures is sufficiently small so that full saturated water vapor pressure is maintained near the specimen.

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Membrane-bound vesicles associated with the microvilli in the midgut of the freshwater microcrustacean, Daphnia magna

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100076135 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 480-481

Author(s):

Patricia L. Jansma

Keyword(s):

Daphnia Magna ◽

Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽

Uranyl Acetate ◽

Intestinal Epithelial ◽

Chlamydomonas Reinhardii ◽

Thin Sections ◽

Saturated Water ◽

Cacodylate Buffer ◽

Membrane Bound ◽

Ethanol Series

The presence of the membrane bound vesicles or blebs on the intestinal epithelial cells has been demonstrated in a variety of vertebrates such as chicks, piglets, hamsters, and humans. The only invertebrates shown to have these microvillar blebs are two species of f1ies. While investigating the digestive processes of the freshwater microcrustacean, Daphnia magna, the presence of these microvillar blebs was noticed.Daphnia magna fed in a suspension of axenically grown green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardii for one hour were narcotized with CO2 saturated water. The intestinal tracts were excised in 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.2 M cacodyl ate buffer and then placed in fresh 2% glutaraldehyde for one hour. After rinsing in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer, the sample was postfixed in 2% OsO4, dehydrated with a graded ethanol series, infiltrated and embedded with Epon-Araldite. Thin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and Reynolds lead citrate before viewing with the Philips EM 200.

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ESEM - A multipurpose surface Electron Microscope

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100144607 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 632-633 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

G.D. Danilatos

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Environmental Scanning ◽

Gas Composition ◽

Saturated Water Vapor ◽

Surface Electron ◽

Current State ◽

Saturated Water ◽

New Type ◽

Temperature And Pressure

Over recent years a new type of electron microscope - the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) - has been developed for the examination of specimen surfaces in the presence of gases. A detailed series of reports on the system has appeared elsewhere. A review summary of the current state and potential of the system is presented here.The gas composition, temperature and pressure can be varied in the specimen chamber of the ESEM. With air, the pressure can be up to one atmosphere (about 1000 mbar). Environments with fully saturated water vapor only at room temperature (20-30 mbar) can be easily maintained whilst liquid water or other solutions, together with uncoated specimens, can be imaged routinely during various applications.

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In-Situ Observation of Clay Minerals Hydrated and Intercalated With Liquid Chemicals Using Film-Sealed Environmental Cell

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s1431927600000908 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. 208-209 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Fukushima ◽

N. Kohyama ◽

A. Fukami

Keyword(s):

Carbon Film ◽

Resolving Power ◽

In Situ Observation ◽

Interlayer Water ◽

Saturated Water ◽

Structure Changes ◽

Environmental Cell ◽

Gas Layer ◽

20 Nm

A film-sealed high resolution environmental cell(E.C) for observing hydrated materials had been developed by us(l). Main specification of the E.C. is as follows: 1) Accelerated voltage; 100 kV. 2) Gas in the E.C.; saturated water vapour with carrier gas of 50 Torr. 3) Thickness of gas layer; 50 μm. 4) Sealing film; evaporated carbon film(20 nm thick) with plastic microgrid. 5) Resolving power; 1 nm. 6) Transmittance of electron beam; 60% at 100 kV. The E.C. had been successfully applied to the study of hydrated halloysite(2) (3). Kaolin minerals have no interlayer water and are basically non-expandable but form intercalation compounds with some specific chemicals such as hydrazine, formamide and etc. Because of these compounds being mostly changed in vacuum, we tried to reveal the structure changes between in wet air and in vacuum of kaolin minerals intercalated with hydrazine and of hydrated state of montmori1lonite using the E.C. developed by us.

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