scholarly journals Forensic Chromatography of Documentary Evidence and its Role in Solving Dark Cases to Provide Justice

2020 ◽  
Vol V (II) ◽  
pp. 481-493
Author(s):  
Shabana kouser Jatoi ◽  
Raana khan ◽  
Muhammad Nouman Jatoi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Digital Evidence ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
International Courts

The aim of writing article in hand is to critically determine whether in our legal system any attention is paid towards recovering, preserving, collecting, and covering the documentary and digital evidence and using modern techniques to analyze it sufficient to ensure its admissibility in national and international courts. This article has completed this task by conducting a purely qualitative study of case laws and critically examining 2014 international protocols documentation and investigation of sexual assault cases. The main objective of this research is four-folds. First are what standards followed internationally for this purpose. Secondly, to review case laws in which guidelines are provided for documentary physical and digital evidence? Thirdly to deeply analyze those new techniques up to what extent are followed in Pakistan. Fourthly and finally to recommend /suggest that new techniques of Forensic, namely chromatography, should broadly be used in the investigation not only in whitecollar crimes but as well as in other civil and criminal cases.

scholarly journals Semi-Confidential Settlements in Civil, Criminal, and Sexual Assault Cases

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul Levmore ◽  
Frank Fagan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Direct Benefit ◽  
Litigation Process ◽  
Assault Victims ◽  
The Right

103 Cornell L. Rev. 311 (2018)Settlement is more likely if parties are free to set its terms, including a promise that these terms will remain secret between them. State sunshine-in-litigation laws work to defeat this incentive for confidentiality in order to protect third parties from otherwise unknown hazards. The intuition is that a wrongdoer should not be able to pay one plaintiff for silence at the expense of other victims. This Article begins by showing that the intuition is often wrong or overstated. A plaintiff who can assess a defendant’s vulnerability to future claims can extract a large enough settlement to provide substantial deterrence, and at a much lower cost to the legal system. The argument does not transfer well to most criminal cases, where the defendant might pay, not to avoid other claims, but to avoid incarceration, which offers no direct benefit to the settling victim. It is further complicated in sexual assault cases, where the plaintiff might settle too quickly in order to protect her privacy. The discussion works toward the idea that in some settings semi-confidentiality—the disclosure of the substance of settlement but not the magnitude of monetary payments— is superior to both secrecy and transparency. The right amount of confidentiality is a function of the parties’ interest in privacy, the likelihood that the wrongdoing is part of a pattern unknown to the settling plaintiff, and the accuracy of the litigation process that settlement seeks to bypass. We are able to identify cases where law ought to allow (even) criminal cases to be settled privately and confidentially, and also cases where even sexual assault victims should be steered away from confidential settlement and toward translucency.

Impact of poor evidence management on DNA profiling in sexual assault and homicide: A case report

2021 ◽  
pp. 002581722096648
Author(s):  
Naresh Kumar ◽  
Pooja Puri ◽  
SK Shukla ◽  
Deepa Verma
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Dna Profiling ◽  
Sexual Assaults ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Biological Evidence

Increasing numbers of female victims of violent sexual assaults are being murdered with the aim of concealing the identity of the perpetrator. Proper handling and analysis of evidence is very important in gaining a conviction in many criminal cases. After evidence is collected, due precautions must be taken to ensure that the integrity of the sample is maintained, and chances of contamination are minimised. This paper presents a case study where improper handling of biological evidence led to loss of evidentiary value, and the semen could not be located on the vaginal swabs and victim’s garments due to improper preservation of samples. However, the DNA from the nail of a decomposed finger helped identify the victim, and the suspect was apprehended based on the clues given by her family.

scholarly journals Sexual Assault: Indigenous Women’s Experiences of Not Being Believed by the Police

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122110139
Author(s):  
Jodie Murphy-Oikonen ◽  
Lori Chambers ◽  
Karen McQueen ◽  
Alexa Hiebert ◽  
Ainsley Miller
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Secondary Data Analysis ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
Women’S Experiences ◽  
Women's Experiences ◽  
The Way

Rates of sexual victimization among Indigenous women are 3 times higher when compared with non-Indigenous women. The purpose of this secondary data analysis was to explore the experiences and recommendations of Indigenous women who reported sexual assault to the police and were not believed. This qualitative study of the experiences of 11 Indigenous women reflects four themes. The women experienced (a) victimization across the lifespan, (b) violent sexual assault, (c) dismissal by police, and (d) survival and resilience. These women were determined to voice their experience and make recommendations for change in the way police respond to sexual assault.

scholarly journals [De]-Centering the Victim: Police Perceptions of Victims of Sexual Violence through a Comparative Lens of Evidence Collection and Processing

2021 ◽  
pp. 155708512110319
Author(s):  
Deborah White ◽  
Lesley McMillan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Evidence Collection ◽  
Police Perceptions

Police are central to the statutory response to sexual violence, shaping the direction an investigation may take. Evidence provided by victims is also key to the processing of sexual assault cases. From a 2013 comparative qualitative study involving interviews with police officers in one province in Canada ( n = 11) and one region in Scotland ( n = 10) who investigate such cases, we discovered striking unanticipated differences between the two groups in terms of how they perceived victims and the evidence they provide. This paper presents a thematic analysis of these data and considers possible implications and explanations.

Refining Sexual Assault Treatment: Recovered Survivors and Expert Therapists Concur on Effective Therapy Components

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122110373
Author(s):  
Moor Avigail ◽  
Otmazgin Michal ◽  
Tsiddon Hagar ◽  
Avivit Mahazri
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Key Recovery ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Processing Treatment ◽  
Trauma Processing ◽  
Level Of Agreement

The goal of the present study was to refine sexual assault therapy through the examination of the level of agreement between survivor and therapist assessments of key recovery-promoting therapeutic interventions. This is the first study to explore the level of agreement between those who partake in the treatment process from either position. Semistructured interviews were conducted in this qualitative study with 10 survivors and 10 experienced therapists. The results document considerable concurrence between them regarding relational and trauma processing treatment components alike. Together, these reports outline key effective interventions, both common and specific in nature, concomitantly supported by both groups.

Computer and Network Forensics

2011 ◽  
pp. 55-74
Author(s):  
Sriranjani Sitaraman ◽  
Subbarayan Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Single Machine ◽  
Computer Forensics ◽  
Digital Evidence ◽  
Disk Drives ◽  
Network Forensics ◽  
Digital World ◽  
The World

This chapter introduces computer and network forensics. The world of forensics is well understood in the non-digital world, whereas this is a nascent field in the digital cyberworld. Digital evidence is being increasingly used in the legal system such as e-mails, disk drives containing damaging evidence, and so on. Computer forensics deals with preserving and collecting digital evidence on a single machine while network forensics deals with the same operations in a connected digital world. Several related issues and available tools are discussed in this chapter.

Sexual assault and harassment of doctors, by doctors: a qualitative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 833-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Stone ◽  
Christine Phillips ◽  
Kirsty A Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Qualitative Study

“Even crap can be fertilizer”: The experience of volunteering at sexual assault crisis centers for women survivors of sexual assault

2020 ◽  
pp. 095935352095514
Author(s):  
Keren Gueta ◽  
Yael Cohen-Leibovich ◽  
Natti Ronel
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Women Survivors ◽  
Sexual Assault Survivors ◽  
Identity Reconstruction ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Individual Role

This qualitative study illuminates the experience of volunteering at sexual assault crisis centers among women survivors of sexual assault. In-depth interviews were conducted with 11 women who had been volunteering at four different sexual assault crisis centers across Israel for 1 to 17 years. The findings reveal three main themes. First, there are five types of motivation to volunteer at such centers, all grounded in the participants’ experience of sexual assault. Second, volunteering fosters recovery by promoting an empowered identity reconstruction and social integration. Third, both challenges and risks to recovery, such as exposure to sexual-assault triggers, arise from the experiences of sexual assault and volunteering at the centers. Moreover, the findings indicate various mechanisms that shape the risks–benefits dynamic involved in volunteering, such as the demands of the volunteering role. Thus, this study shifts the understanding of prosocial behavior by sexual-assault survivors from a binary assessment of “positive” or “negative” to a more comprehensive appraisal at the individual, role, and organizational levels.

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