Tentorial block of cerebrospinal fluid associated with a lumbar neurofibroma

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 767-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Neil-Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Subarachnoid Block ◽  
Elevated Protein ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case is reported in which raised intracranial pressure with papilledema due to hydrocephalus resulting from a subarachnoid block at the tentorial hiatus was associated with a lumbar intradural neurofibroma. The possible significance of elevated protein content in cerebrospinal fluid samples taken above and below the tumor is discussed.

Pneumocephalus following ventriculoperitoneal shunt

1975 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence H. Pitts ◽  
Charles B. Wilson ◽  
Herbert H. Dedo ◽  
Robert Weyand
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunting ◽  
Tegmen Tympani ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors describe a case of massive pneumocephalus following ventriculoperitoneal shunting for hydrocephalus. After multiple diagnostic and surgical procedures, congenital defects in the tegmen tympani of both temporal bones were identified as the sources for entry of air. A functioning shunt intermittently established negative intracranial pressure and allowed ingress of air through these abnormalities; when the shunt was occluded, air did not enter the skull, and there was no cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Repair of these middle ear defects prevented further recurrence of pneumocephalus.

Management of proximal shunt obstruction

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 817-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles C. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Ventricular Catheter ◽  
Shunt Failure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow ◽  
Shunt Obstruction ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Proximal shunt obstruction or obstruction of the ventricular catheter may present with signs and symptoms of shunt failure with either no cerebrospinal fluid flow or a falsely low intracranial pressure (ICP) upon shunt tap. The author reports a technique for lowering the ICP and for measuring the pressure in patients with such obstruction by cannulation of the reservoir and ventricular catheter to penetrate into the ventricle with a 3½-in. No. 22 spinal needle. The findings in 20 cases in which this approach was utilized are summarized.

Primary pituitary aspergillosis responding to transsphenoidal surgery and combined therapy with amphotericin-B and 5-fluorocytosine

1981 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 839-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelita Ramos-Gabatin ◽  
Richard M. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Transsphenoidal Surgery ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Single Patient ◽  
Pituitary Abscess ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Elevated Protein ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Pituitary abscess is an unusual cause of sella turcica enlargement. Because its presentation closely mimics that of a pituitary tumor, the condition is seldom recognized preoperatively. Most cases have been of bacterial etiology; however, a single patient with a primary mycotic pituitary abscess secondary to Aspergillus species has been reported. That patient died of diffuse Aspergillus meningoencephalitis following a transfrontal craniotomy. In the present case, a woman with primary pituitary aspergillosis survived her infection with virtually intact pituitary function following a transsphenoidal approach which avoided contamination of cerebrospinal fluid. Postoperative amphotericin-B and 5-fluorocytosine therapy probably contributed greatly to her survival. Factors that should alert the clinician to the presence of a pituitary abscess in a patient with sella turcica enlargement are prior episodes of meningitis, sinusitis, or cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities, including pleocytosis, depressed glucose, and elevated protein.

Oligodendroglioma and cerebral cavernous angioma

1985 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee Pin Chee ◽  
Robin Johnston ◽  
David Doyle ◽  
Peter Macpherson
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cavernous Angioma ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vascular Component ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report a case of frontal lobe oligodendroglioma associated with a cavernous angioma. The patient presented with signs and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. Computerized tomography with contrast enhancement failed to detect the vascular component. The clinical and pathological significance of the presence of this vascular malformation in an oligodendroglioma is discussed.

Thoracic disc herniation associated with papilledema

1984 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1132-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalom D. Michowiz ◽  
Harry Z. Rappaport ◽  
Itzchak Shaked ◽  
Allon Yellin ◽  
Abraham Sahar
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Thoracic Disc Herniation ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Thoracic Disc ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The occurrence of papilledema in a patient with progressive spastic paraparesis due to herniation of the T11–12 intervertebral disc is reported. The papilledema resolved following discectomy. The association and possible pathogenetic mechanisms between spinal cord lesions and signs of raised intracranial pressure are reviewed.

Ventriculoatrial shunt in tuberculous meningitis with hydrocephalus

1971 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Bhagwati
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Ventriculoatrial Shunt ◽  
Active Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Raised intracranial tension affects the course of tuberculous meningitis adversely. The development of hydrocephalus may account for the raised intracranial pressure. Insertion of a ventriculoatrial shunt significantly alters the course of the disease. The results in seven cases have been detailed and discussed. The levels of consciousness improved, hemiplegia and aphasia practically cleared up, and vision returned even in children who were blind for 4 to 6 weeks. Operation could be performed even in an active stage of the disease without much fear of miliary dissemination.

Pneumocephalus in patients with CSF shunts

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 532-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Ruge ◽  
Leonard J. Cerullo ◽  
David G. McLone
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
Aqueductal Stenosis ◽  
Increased Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Csf Shunts ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors present two cases of pneumocephalus occurring in patients with permanent shunts and review nine previously reported cases. Mental status changes and headache are the most common presenting symptoms. Six of the 11 cases of pneumocephalus occurred in patients with shunt placement for hydrocephalus secondary to aqueductal stenosis. In these patients, thinned cerebrospinal fluid barriers secondary to longstanding increased intracranial pressure may predispose them to pneumocephalus. Temporary extraventricular drainage is an effective method of treatment in this group of patients. Two other etiologies are identified with significance to treatment, and the role of craniotomy is discussed.

Experimental intracranial hypertension due to vascular blockade

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Donald McQueen ◽  
Lawrence F. Jelsma ◽  
Fernando Bacci ◽  
Isauro Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Cerebral Edema ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vascular Bed ◽  
Pressor Responses ◽  
Pressure Transmission ◽  
Fine Print

✓ High intracranial hypertension was induced in dogs by intracarotid injections of oil. Cerebrospinal fluid pressures continued to rise as Cushing pressor responses were evoked, but were not exceeded by the blood pressure. Transmission of blood pressure through a dilated vascular bed has been suggested as the mechanism. There was no correlation between levels of cerebral edema and the rise in intracranial pressure. This increase in pressure due to vascular blockade has been differentiated from that caused by subarachnoid blockade.

Use of long-term intracranial pressure measurement to assess hydrocephalic patients prior to shunt surgery

1975 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Symon ◽  
Nicholas W. C. Dorsch
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Shunt Surgery ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Epidural Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pressure Recording ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors present their experience with long-term epidural pressure recording in hydrocephalic patients. The technique identifies those with episodically raised intracranial pressure. The effect of shunts on the pressure profile in these patients is described.

Effects of halothane and fentanyl anesthesia on resistance to reabsorption of CSF

1984 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan A. Artru
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ventriculocisternal Perfusion ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spatial Compensation ◽  
Increased Icp ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Volume

✓ Using the technique of ventriculocisternal perfusion, resistance to reabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid (Ra) was examined in dogs during anesthesia with halothane (0.8%) or fentanyl (3.0 µg ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1 for 20 minutes, followed by 0.2 µg ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1, intravenously). Compared to normal Ra in dogs (220 to 224 cm H2O⋅ ml−1⋅min−1), halothane increased Ra to 245 ± 2 cm H2O⋅ml−1⋅min−1 (mean ± standard error of the mean), and fentanyl decreased Ra to 114 ± 1 cm H2O⋅ml−1⋅min−1. Changes in Ra caused by halothane or fentanyl may contribute, in part, to changes in intracranial pressure (ICP) observed during prolonged anesthesia with these agents. Because decreased Ra improves spatial compensation by cerebrospinal fluid volume during increased ICP, fentanyl may be preferred over halothane in patients at risk because of increased ICP.

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