Lumbosacral intersegmental epispinal axons and ectopic ventral nerve rootlets

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley W. Parke ◽  
Ryo Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Ventral Horn ◽  
Spinal Nerve Roots ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Almost All

✓ An epispinal system of motor axons virtually covers the ventral and lateral funiculi of the human conus medullaris between the L-2 and S-2 levels. These nerve fibers apparently arise from motor cells of the ventral horn nuclei and join spinal nerve roots caudal to their level of origin. In all observed spinal cords, many of these axons converged at the cord surface and formed an irregular group of ectopic rootlets that could be visually traced to join conventional spinal nerve roots at one to several segments inferior to their original segmental level; occasional rootlets joined a dorsal nerve root. As almost all previous reports of nerve root interconnections involved only the dorsal roots and have been cited to explain a lack of an absolute segmental sensory nerve distribution, it is believed that these intersegmental motor fibers may similarly explain a more diffuse efferent distribution than has previously been suspected.

Hemangioma of spinal nerve root

1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Roncaroli ◽  
Bernd W. Scheithauer ◽  
William E. Krauss
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Capillary Hemangioma ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root ◽  
Spinal Nerve Roots ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Hemangiomas of the spinal nerve roots are rare. Only 12 cases have been reported in the literature, all since 1965. These lesions occurred in adults, primarily in males, and were located in the cauda equina. Of the 12 lesions, eight were cavernous hemangiomas. The authors report here the clinicopathological features of 10 cases of hemangioma of the spinal nerve root, nine of which were of the capillary type. Methods. The group included six men and four women who ranged in age from 40 to 62 years. The majority of patients presented with pain and weakness. One patient also experienced worsening of pain during menses. In all cases, gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging or computerized tomography myelography demonstrated a discrete intraspinal extramedullary mass. Administration of contrast agent resulted in uniform, intense enhancement. A gross-total resection was achieved in all but one case; in most cases, it was necessary to sacrifice the parent nerve root. Preoperative symptoms and signs improved in nine cases. On histological examination, all but one tumor, a spindle-cell hemangioendothelioma, were shown to be ordinary capillary hemangiomas. Two lesions exhibited a cavernous component, and five showed a partly solid growth pattern resembling juvenile capillary hemangioma. In all cases, the relationship with the nerve root was histologically confirmed. The tumor—nerve relation varied. The intact nerve was displaced by the epineurial mass in three cases. The fascicles appeared separated in six cases, and individual nerve fibers were seen throughout one lesion with endoneurial involvement. Conclusions. Hemangiomas of spinal nerve roots pose a challenging diagnostic problem. Knowledge of their existence is relevant in that they may mimic tumors and are amenable to surgical treatment.

The number of nerve fibers in motor spinal nerve roots of young, mature and aged cats

1958 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K. Moyer ◽  
Barbara F. Kaliszewski
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Spinal Nerve Roots ◽  
Nerve Roots

Neurological and pathological effects of second lumbar spondylectomy and spinal column shortening in the dog

1975 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Yturraspe ◽  
William V. Lumb ◽  
Stuart Young ◽  
Harry A. Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Axonal Degeneration ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Spinal Nerve Roots ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The second lumbar vertebra was surgically removed from 10 dogs, and the shortened vertebral column was stabilized by internal fixation with two types of plastic plates. Shortening of the spinal column was usually not associated with detectable loss of function or neurological deficit. Histological lesions, however, included widely disseminated axonal degeneration, gliosis, and atrophy of spinal nerve roots in the surgical area. The spinal cord adapted to shortening of the vertebral column by becoming intrinsically shorter, rather than by being displaced within the spinal canal.

Prostaglandin E2 catabolism in the spinal nerve roots of the cat

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bishai ◽  
F. Coceani
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Spinal Nerve Roots ◽  
Chromatographic Mobility ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Spinal Roots ◽  
Metabolic Degradation ◽  
Rate Limiting

Catabolism of prostaglandin (PG) E2 was studied in homogenates of spinal cord and spinal nerve roots of the cat. Spinal roots enzymatically converted PGE2 to a product (metabolite I) with the chromatographic mobility of 15-keto-PGE2. Little metabolic degradation occurred in the spinal cord; however, incubation of PGE2 with combined spinal cord and nerve root tissue yielded a second metabolite (metabolite II) in addition to metabolite I. Metabolite II was identified as 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-PGE2. These results prove that spinal nerve roots, unlike the spinal cord, contain 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) which is the major and rate-limiting enzyme in the inactivation of prostaglandins. The location and functional significance of 15-PGDH in peripheral nerves remain to be elucidated.

scholarly journals Neoplasms of Mesenchymal Origin in the Spinal Cord and Nerve Roots of Three Dogs

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vandevelde ◽  
R. J. Higgins ◽  
C. E. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Intramedullary Tumor ◽  
Reticulum Cell ◽  
Spinal Nerve Roots ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Clinicopathological Findings ◽  
Spinal Roots

Clinicopathological findings of three different neoplastic conditions involving the spinal cord and nerve roots in three dogs are described. One sarcomatous intramedullary tumor closely associated with the vasculature was classified as a reticulum cell sarcoma of the spinal cord. The second case had massive and widespread neoplastic proliferation of reticulohistiocytic cells around the perineurinal vessels of many spinal nerve roots. The process was classified as a primary neoplastic reticulosis of the spinal roots. Multiple highly malignant tumors, infiltrating the spinal cord were found in one thoracic and several lumbosacral spinal nerve roots in the third case. These were considered to be anaplastic neurofibrosarcomas because of high collagen content, intact nerve fibers, whorl formation, and the tendency to palisade in some areas.

scholarly journals The diameters and number of nerve fibers in spinal nerve roots

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 532-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
YongTao Liu ◽  
XiaoJi Zhou ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
YingBin Ge ◽  
Xiaojian Cao
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Spinal Nerve Roots ◽  
Nerve Roots

Conduction properties of single nerve fibers in developing rat spinal nerve roots

1987 ◽  
Vol 411 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
Michael Rasminsky ◽  
Pierre-Jacques Ricot
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Spinal Nerve Roots ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Single Nerve ◽  
Developing Rat ◽  
Conduction Properties

Spinal extradural schwannoma

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Celli ◽  
Giuseppe Trillò ◽  
Luigi Ferrante
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Pyramidal Tract ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The authors endeavor to define the clinical and surgery-related profile of spinal nerve sheath tumors located in the extradural space outside both the dural sac and, apparently, the nerve roots' sleeve. Methods. A series of 24 extradural schwannomas was retrospectively selected after reviewing the notes of spinal nerve sheath tumors surgically treated at La Sapienza University of Rome. Clinical data, tumor-related characteristics, and outcome were analyzed. Women predominantly harbored these tumors. On admission sensory nerve root dysfunction was infrequently reported, whereas pyramidal tract deficits were often present. The tumor, generally large, was most frequently located in the intermediate thoracic segments and high cervical region; only one was reported in the lumbosacral region. Considerable erosion of vertebral bodies was reported in almost one third of the cases. In four patients eloquent nerve roots, that of C-5 in three and that of S-1 in one, were involved with the tumor. Radical tumor resection, with preservation of the nerve roots, was possible in several cases, whereas in two patients manipulation and resection of the C-5 root produced transient and permanent, respectively, root palsy. At follow-up examination patients for whom walking was impossible before surgery were now able to walk. Conclusions. Extradural schwannomas can be distinguished from other nerve sheath tumors growing inside the spinal canal by their clinicoradiological features and unlikely nerve root origin. After surgery, recovery from pyramidal tract deficits, even severe, is noteworthy; in the authors' experience, however, resection of an involved appendicular root is more likely to result in a permanent and significant radicular deficit.

Pilocytic astrocytoma of a spinal nerve root

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Robert Philipson ◽  
Jake Timothy ◽  
Aruna Chakrobarthy ◽  
Gerry Towns
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Case ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case of pilocytic astrocytoma involving a spinal nerve root is reported. A 39-year-old woman presented with a 1-year history of progressive pain and numbness, predominantly in the S-1 dermatome. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed an intradural lesion at the tip of the conus medullaris. The intradural tumor was excised as was the sacrificed nerve root. Histological examination showed a pilocytic astrocytoma in which there were unusual features of calcification and ossification. At 3-year follow-up review MR imaging demonstrated no residual tumor. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of a primary pilocytic astrocytoma, a tumor typically of central nervous system origin, arising from a spinal nerve root.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document