Dural arteriovenous fistula and progressive conus medullaris syndrome as complications of lumbar discectomy

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keizoh Asakuno ◽  
Phyo Kim ◽  
Toshiki Kawamoto ◽  
Masahiro Ogino
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Dural Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscles

✓ A case of a dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) that developed at the site of nerve root sleeve damage as a result of lumbar disc extrusion is reported. A 60-year-old man who had undergone lumbar discectomy 3 years previously for severe left-sided sciatica and L5—S1 disc herniation presented with progressive gait disturbance. After the initial surgery, the symptoms resolved. Fourteen months after the operation, however, he started to experience dysesthesias in both legs and progressive gait and urinary disturbances. Physical examination revealed a weakness of the anterior tibialis and the gastrocnemius muscles, as well as decreased contractility of the anal sphincter and marked sacral hypesthesia. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed swelling and a T2 signal elongation in the conus medullaris; angiography demonstrated arteriovenous dural shunting between the left lateral sacral artery and the left S-1 radicular vein at the site of the previous operation. Surgery was conducted to excise the DAVF on the S-1 nerve root sleeve and an arterialized intradural vein on the root. The procedure resulted in resolution of the symptoms and disappearance of the abnormal angiographically and MR imaging—documented anomalies. This is the first report of a DAVF in which progressive conus myelopathy developed after a lumbar discectomy.

Positional vomiting due to a thoracic spinal dural arteriovenous fistula

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis J. Cordato ◽  
Mark A. Davies ◽  
Lynette T. Masters ◽  
Phillip D. Cremer ◽  
Raymond S. Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Dural Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Venous Hypertension ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Signal Abnormality ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
The Brain

✓ The authors report the unique case of a patient with a thoracic spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) causing remote brainstem symptoms of positional vomiting and minimal vertigo. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the brain demonstrated high signal abnormality in the medulla, presumably related to venous hypertension, and spinal MR imaging revealed markedly dilated veins along the dorsal aspect of the cord. Spinal angiography confirmed the presence of a thoracic spinal DAVF. Disconnection of the DAVF from the spine resulted in a marked improvement in symptoms and resolution of the preoperative MR imaging—documented abnormalities. The authors highlight the rare syndrome of positional vomiting as a brainstem symptom and conclude that spinal DAVFs should be considered in the differential diagnosis of high signal MR imaging abnormalities localized to the brainstem.

Pilocytic astrocytoma of a spinal nerve root

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Robert Philipson ◽  
Jake Timothy ◽  
Aruna Chakrobarthy ◽  
Gerry Towns
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Case ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case of pilocytic astrocytoma involving a spinal nerve root is reported. A 39-year-old woman presented with a 1-year history of progressive pain and numbness, predominantly in the S-1 dermatome. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed an intradural lesion at the tip of the conus medullaris. The intradural tumor was excised as was the sacrificed nerve root. Histological examination showed a pilocytic astrocytoma in which there were unusual features of calcification and ossification. At 3-year follow-up review MR imaging demonstrated no residual tumor. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of a primary pilocytic astrocytoma, a tumor typically of central nervous system origin, arising from a spinal nerve root.

Lumbosacral intersegmental epispinal axons and ectopic ventral nerve rootlets

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley W. Parke ◽  
Ryo Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Ventral Horn ◽  
Spinal Nerve Roots ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Almost All

✓ An epispinal system of motor axons virtually covers the ventral and lateral funiculi of the human conus medullaris between the L-2 and S-2 levels. These nerve fibers apparently arise from motor cells of the ventral horn nuclei and join spinal nerve roots caudal to their level of origin. In all observed spinal cords, many of these axons converged at the cord surface and formed an irregular group of ectopic rootlets that could be visually traced to join conventional spinal nerve roots at one to several segments inferior to their original segmental level; occasional rootlets joined a dorsal nerve root. As almost all previous reports of nerve root interconnections involved only the dorsal roots and have been cited to explain a lack of an absolute segmental sensory nerve distribution, it is believed that these intersegmental motor fibers may similarly explain a more diffuse efferent distribution than has previously been suspected.

Galenic dural arteriovenous fistula: unusual clinical presentation and successful endovascular therapy

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Weigele ◽  
John C. Chaloupka ◽  
Walter S. Lesley
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Dural Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Interstitial Edema ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Recovery ◽  
Structural Abnormalities ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report a case in which the clinical and neuroimaging findings were initially considered diagnostic of a brainstem glioma. Angiography revealed a deep venous system (galenic) dural arteriovenous fistula causing brainstem interstitial edema. Successful endovascular surgery resulted in complete clinical recovery of the patient and resolution of the structural abnormalities that had been observed on magnetic resonance images. The neuroimaging and therapeutic significance of this case are discussed.

Cerebral abscess as an unusual complication of coil embolization in a dural arteriovenous fistula

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan A. Rahman Zurin ◽  
Satoshi Ushikoshi ◽  
Kiyohiro Houkin ◽  
Yoichi Kikuchi ◽  
Hiroshi Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Dural Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Transverse Sinus ◽  
Cerebral Abscess ◽  
Unusual Complication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cortical Infarction ◽  
Retrograde Filling ◽  
Detachable Coils ◽  
The Right

This 63-year-old man presented with a right temporoparietal cortical infarction. A dural arteriovenous fistula involving the right transverse sinus was diagnosed on cerebral angiography. Transvenous embolization using detachable coils was performed; however, postembolization angiograms demonstrated retrograde filling of a cortical draining vein that was not seen on initial angiography. The patient subsequently developed a cerebral abscess in the region of the previous cortical infarction 2 months after the embolization. The abscess was successfully treated with drainage and antibiotic therapy. The authors report this case to illustrate an unusual complication associated with this procedure and the possible contribution of the cortical draining vein in the pathogenesis of the cerebral abscess.

A sacral dural arteriovenous fistula presenting with an intermittent myelopathy aggravated by menstruation

1991 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 947-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Ik Kim ◽  
In-Sup Choi ◽  
Alex Berenstein
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Dural Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Total Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Repeat Angiography ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The case is reported of a woman with a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula whose intermittent myelopathy became aggravated with menstruation. Her symptoms recurred in spite of successful acrylic embolization of the lateral sacral arteriovenous fistula. Repeat angiography showed venous drainage from the uterus toward the medullary vein. Total abdominal hysterectomy cured her symptoms. The pathophysiological basis for this peculiar clinical manifestation and its management are discussed.

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula associated with L-4 isthmic spondylolisthesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 670-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Nishimura ◽  
Atsushi Natsume ◽  
Howard J. Ginsberg
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Dural Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Pedicle Screws ◽  
Concomitant Treatment ◽  
Isthmic Spondylolisthesis ◽  
Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Posterior Instrumented Fusion ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Spine Mri

The authors describe a case of a 79-year-old man with a lumbar spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) and isthmic spondylolisthesis at the same level. The patient's thoracic spine MRI study demonstrated swelling and increased T2 signal in the spinal cord and regional dilated perimedullary vessels. Lumbar spine MRI showed L-4 isthmic spondylolisthesis with severe bilateral L4–5 foraminal stenoses. Spinal angiography revealed a fistulous connection at the left L-4 nerve root sleeve between perimedullary veins and a dural branch of the L-4 radicular artery. Based on previous reports about secondary spinal DAVFs, the abnormal vascular communication likely developed secondary to the microtrauma and inflammation on the left L-4 nerve root sleeve, which was attributable to the isthmic spondylolisthesis. The authors performed disconnection of the arteriovenous shunt as well as an L4–5 decompression and posterior instrumented fusion with pedicle screws. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and he improved neurologically. It is important to bear in mind that a spinal DAVF may develop as a consequence of any sort of trauma or inflammation involving nerve roots. One should consider the concomitant treatment of both the spinal DAVF and the underlying pathology that may have given rise to the spinal DAVF.

Dural arteriovenous fistula of the posterior fossa developing after surgical occlusion of the sigmoid sinus

1996 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshisuke Sakaki ◽  
Tetsuya Morimoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Nakase ◽  
Toshio Kakizaki ◽  
Kiyoshi Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Dural Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Sigmoid Sinus ◽  
Tumor Surgery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sinus Wall ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tumor Involvement ◽  
Fine Print

✓ In this article, the authors present five cases of dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) that developed in the transverse—sigmoid sinus 2 to 6 years after sacrifice of the sigmoid sinus because of tumor involvement. The original tumor was meningioma in two patients and neurinoma, glomus jugulare tumor, and ameloblastoma in one patient each. The involved sigmoid sinus was resected along with the tumor and ligated at the normal edge; all that remained of the sigmoid sinus was a small stump on the retrosigmoid portion. Serial angiography performed before and after tumor surgery revealed no abnormal arteriovenous communications or dural AVF in any of the cases. Although many reports have suggested that sinus thrombosis is a precipitating factor in the pathogenesis of dural AVFs, this has been difficult to verify because of the small number of cases in which serial angiography was performed before the development of a dural AVF. In all of the cases presented in this article, surgical resection of a dural AVF and histological examination were performed. Subintimal fibrous thickening was marked, and the sinus wall was found to contain many dural vessels. Organized thrombosis with neovascularization was seen in only two patients. These cases demonstrate that subintimal fibrous thickening and a hypertrophied sinus wall secondary to increased intrasinus pressure or sinus thrombosis occurring after sinus occlusion can provoke the development of a dural AVF within the course of a lifetime. Maintenance of intrasinus blood flow may be very important to prevent this late postoperative complication.

Intraradicular herniated lumbar disc

1984 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 858-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Barberá ◽  
José Gonzalez-Darder ◽  
Fernando García-Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
Herniated Lumbar Disc ◽  
Fine Print

✓ An unusual case is presented in which a fragment of herniated lumbar disc was found within the sheath of the S-1 nerve root. The possible pathogenic factors are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document