scholarly journals A Novel MRI Biomarker of Spinal Cord White Matter Injury: T2*-Weighted White Matter to Gray Matter Signal Intensity Ratio

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1266-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Martin ◽  
B. De Leener ◽  
J. Cohen-Adad ◽  
D.W. Cadotte ◽  
S. Kalsi-Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Intensity Ratio ◽  
White Matter Injury ◽  
Signal Intensity Ratio

Signal intensity pattern of the normal oculomotor nerve on contrast-enhanced 3D FLAIR at 3.0 T MRI

2020 ◽  
pp. 197140092097091
Author(s):  
Thiparom Sananmuang ◽  
Chanonporn Boonsiriwattanakul ◽  
Theeraphol Panyaping
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Intensity Ratio ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve ◽  
Inversion Recovery ◽  
Signal Intensity Ratio ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery

Purpose The aim of this study was to depict the signal intensity pattern of the normal oculomotor nerve demonstrated on contrast-enhanced three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images. Materials and methods Eighty-one patients were included in the study. Contrast-enhanced three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images with magnetisation-prepared rapid acquisition were reconstructed and evaluated in the coronal plane. The signal intensity of the cisternal segment of the oculomotor nerve was graded into a visual scale of 1 to 5 as compared to the white matter, grey matter and the pituitary stalk. The signal intensity ratio of the oculomotor nerve was consequently measured. Results By using the visual scale, more than half of the oculomotor nerves showed higher signal intensity than the grey matter signal on contrast-enhanced three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images (59.3–80.2%). It can demonstrate a signal intensity similar to the pituitary stalk (14.8%) by visualisation. None of them showed signal intensity equal to the normal white matter signal. By signal intensity measurement, the mean signal intensity ratio of oculomotor nerves to white matter equals 1.54±0.20 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.51–1.57); mean signal intensity ratio to grey matter equals 1.16±0.15 (95% CI 1.14–1.18); mean signal intensity ratio to the pituitary stalk equals 0.68±0.10 (95% CI 0.64–0.70). Conclusions The normal oculomotor nerve visualised on contrast-enhanced three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images has a higher signal intensity than the white matter and may have a signal intensity similar to the grey matter or the pituitary stalk. The high signal intensity of the oculomotor nerve in contrast-enhanced three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery should not be misinterpreted as a pathology.

Magnetic resonance signal intensity ratio of gray/white matter in children

1993 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Maezawa ◽  
Tohru Seki ◽  
Soichi Imura ◽  
Kazunori Akiyama ◽  
Itsuro Takikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Intensity Ratio ◽  
Signal Intensity Ratio ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Signal ◽  
Resonance Signal

The signal intensity ratio of the optic nerve to ipsilateral frontal white matter is of value in the diagnosis of acute optic neuritis

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2640-2645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maki Onodera ◽  
Naoya Yama ◽  
Masato Hashimoto ◽  
Takaharu Shonai ◽  
Kazunori Aratani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Intensity Ratio ◽  
Signal Intensity Ratio ◽  
Acute Optic Neuritis ◽  
Frontal White Matter

Using the T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging signal intensity ratio and clinical manifestations to assess the prognosis of patients with cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin-Feng Wang ◽  
Ying-Ze Zhang ◽  
Yong Shen ◽  
Yan-Ling Su ◽  
Jia-Xin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Intensity Ratio ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament ◽  
Signal Intensity Ratio ◽  
Resonance Imaging

ObjectThe aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of both the signal intensity ratio obtained from MR imaging and clinical manifestations on the prognosis of patients with cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.MethodsThe authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 58 patients with cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament who underwent cervical laminoplasty from February 1999 to July 2007. Magnetic resonance imaging (1.5-T) was performed in all patients before surgery. Sagittal T2-weighted images of the cervical spinal cord compressed by the ossified posterior longitudinal ligament showed increased intramedullary signal intensity, whereas the sagittal images obtained at the C7–T1 disc levels were of normal intensity. The signal intensity ratio between regions of intramedullary increased signal intensity and the normal C7–T1 disc level was calculated based on the signal intensity values generated from the MR imaging workstation. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to their signal intensity ratio (high, intermediate, and low signal intensity groups).ResultsThere were significant differences between the 3 groups regarding recovery rate (p < 0.001), age (p = 0.022), duration of disease (p = 0.001), Babinski sign (p < 0.001), ankle clonus (p < 0.001), and both pre- and postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association score (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in sex among the 3 groups (p = 0.391).ConclusionsPatients with low signal intensity ratios that changed on T2-weighted imaging experienced a good surgical outcome. Low increased signal intensity might reflect mild neuropathological alteration in the spinal cord and greater recuperative potential. An increased signal intensity ratio with positive pyramidal signs indicates less recuperative potential of the spinal cord and a poor surgical outcome.

An Evaluation of White Matter Injury After Spinal Cord Ischemia in Rats: A Comparison with Gray Matter Injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 847-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Kurita ◽  
Masahiko Kawaguchi ◽  
Toshinori Horiuchi ◽  
Satoki Inoue ◽  
Takanori Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Spinal Cord Ischemia ◽  
White Matter Injury

Reevaluation of Gray and White Matter Injury after Spinal Cord Ischemia in Rabbits

2006 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Kurita ◽  
Masahiko Kawaguchi ◽  
Meiko Kakimoto ◽  
Yuri Yamamoto ◽  
Satoki Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Amyloid Precursor Protein ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Spinal Cord Ischemia ◽  
White Matter Injury ◽  
Protein Immunoreactivity

Background Although gray matter injury has been well characterized, the available data on white matter injury after spinal cord ischemia (SCI) in rabbits are limited. The current study was conducted to investigate the evolution of ischemia induced injury to gray and white matter and to correlate this damage to hind-limb motor function in rabbits subjected to SCI. Methods Thirty-eight rabbits were randomly assigned to 24-h, 4-day, or 14-day reperfusion groups or a sham group (n = 9 or 10 per group). SCI was induced by occlusion of the infrarenal aorta for 16 min. Hind-limb motor function was assessed using the Tarlov scale (0 = paraplegia, 4 = normal). The gray matter damage was assessed on the basis of the number of normal neurons in the anterior spinal cord. White matter damage was assessed on the basis of the extent of vacuolation and accumulation of amyloid precursor protein immunoreactivity. Results Tarlov scores gradually decreased and reached a nadir 14 days after reperfusion. There were no significant differences in the number of normal neurons among the 24-h, 4-day, and 14-day groups. The extent of vacuolation, expressed as a percent of total white matter area, was significantly greater in the 4-day and 14-day groups in comparison with the sham group. By contrast, there was no difference in vacuolation between the sham and 24-h groups. Amyloid precursor protein immunoreactivity was greater in the 4-day and 14-day groups. Conclusion The results in the current study show that SCI induced white matter injury as well as gray matter injury in a rabbit model of SCI. The time course for 14 days after reperfusion may differ among the gray and white matter damages and hind-limb motor function in rabbits subjected to SCI.

Comparison of Biomechanical and Anatomical Effects Following Eccentric and Concentric Exertions

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (14) ◽  
pp. 1287-1291
Author(s):  
Amrish O. Chourasia ◽  
Mary E. Sesto ◽  
Youngkyoo Jung ◽  
Robert S. Howery ◽  
Robert G. Radwin
Keyword(s):  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Intensity Ratio ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Signal Intensity Ratio ◽  
Mechanical Stiffness ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Muscle Shortening

Work place exertions may include muscle shortening (concentric) or muscle lengthening (eccentric) contractions. This study investigates the upper limb mechanical properties and magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the involved muscles following submaximal eccentric and concentric exertions. Twelve participants were randomly assigned to perform at 30° per second eccentric or concentric forearm supination exertions at 50% isometric maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) for 30 minutes. Measurement of mechanical stiffness, isometric MVC, localized discomfort and MRI supinator: extensor signal intensity ratio was done before, immediately after, 1 hour after and 24 hours after the bout of exercise. A 53% average decrease in mechanical stiffness after 1 hour was observed for the eccentric group (p< 0.05) compared to a 1% average decrease for the concentric group (p> 0.05). Edema, indicative of swelling, was observed 24 hrs after exercise, with an average increase in the MRI supinator: extensor signal intensity ratio of 36% for the eccentric group and less than 10% for the concentric group (p<0.05).

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