Just Face It, We Could All Use a (Pictorial) Review: Anatomy, Variants, and Pathology of the Facial Nerve

Neurographics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-233
Author(s):  
T. Capobres ◽  
J.J. Corrigan ◽  
S.C. Patel ◽  
H. Marin ◽  
B. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Pictorial Review

Pictorial Review of the Congenital Abnormalities of the Facial Nerve, on CT and MRI

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 379-389
Author(s):  
Gratien Bonfort ◽  
Christian Debry ◽  
Anne Charpiot ◽  
Francis Veillon ◽  
Aina Venkatasamy
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Pictorial Review ◽  
Anatomical Images ◽  
Temporal Bone Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractThe frequency and importance of the imaging evaluation of the temporal bone and middle ear have increased significantly over the past 30 years, especially prior to ear surgery. Nowadays, conventional computed tomography (CT) of the temporal bone and in fewer cases magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the middle ear allow a detailed evaluation of the small and complex structures of the ear and the surrounding nerves. Familiarity with the spectrum of congenital anomalies of the facial nerve and knowledge of normal facial nerve anatomy lead to simple well-defined diagnostic imaging criteria. The purpose of this article is to discuss the different imaging features of the congenital anomalies of the facial nerve, including agenesia, hypoplasia, anomalies of the course, size, and nerve duplications, compared with normal anatomical images at the same level of section for a better understanding, as the facial nerve must always be analyzed on temporal bone imaging, and any modification of its size or course has to be reported prior to any surgical procedure.

Facial Nerve Outcome In Acoustic Neuroma Surgery

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack M. Kartush ◽  
Larry B. Lundy
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Acoustic Neuroma ◽  
Acoustic Neuroma Surgery

Intraoperative Facial Nerve Monitoring

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Silverstein ◽  
Seth Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Nerve Monitoring ◽  
Facial Nerve Monitoring

Adaptive and Maladaptive Neural Plasticity Due to Facial Nerve Palsy

2016 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten M. Klingner ◽  
Stefan Brodoehl ◽  
Gerd F. Volk ◽  
Orlando Guntinas-Lichius ◽  
Otto W. Witte
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Cortical Reorganization ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
Peripheral Facial Palsy

Abstract. This paper reviews adaptive and maladaptive mechanisms of cortical plasticity in patients suffering from peripheral facial palsy. As the peripheral facial nerve is a pure motor nerve, a facial nerve lesion is causing an exclusive deefferentation without deafferentation. We focus on the question of how the investigation of pure deefferentation adds to our current understanding of brain plasticity which derives from studies on learning and studies on brain lesions. The importance of efference and afference as drivers for cortical plasticity is discussed in addition to the crossmodal influence of different competitive sensory inputs. We make the attempt to integrate the experimental findings of the effects of pure deefferentation within the theoretical framework of cortical responses and predictive coding. We show that the available experimental data can be explained within this theoretical framework which also clarifies the necessity for maladaptive plasticity. Finally, we propose rehabilitation approaches for directing cortical reorganization in the appropriate direction and highlight some challenging questions that are yet unexplored in the field.

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