HHV8 Infection | ScienceGate

Abstract Background For a patient presenting with fever, multiple lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly, pathogen infection should be preferentially considered, followed by lymphoid malignancies. When traditional laboratory and pathological detection cannot find the pathogenic microorganism, metagenomic sequencing (MGS) which targets the person’s genome for exceptional genetic disorders may detect a rare pathogen. Case presentation Here, we introduced the diagnostic clue of a case of multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) with hemophagocytic syndrome which was elicited from the detection of human herpesvirus-8 in the blood of a HIV-1 infected person by MGS technology during pathogen inspection. This case highlights the need to increase the awareness of MCD among clinicians and pathologists. Conclusions MGS technology may play a pivotal role in providing diagnostic clues during pathogen inspection, especially when pathogens are not detectable by conventional methods.

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Possible role of human herpesvirus 8 in the lymphoproliferative disorders in common variable immunodeficiency

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.20050381 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 202 (4) ◽

pp. 479-484 ◽

Cited By ~ 118

Author(s):

William H. Wheat ◽

Carlyne D. Cool ◽

Yoshikazu Morimoto ◽

Pradeep R. Rai ◽

Charles H. Kirkpatrick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interstitial Lung Disease ◽

Lung Disease ◽

B Cell ◽

Common Variable Immunodeficiency ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽

Nuclear Antigen ◽

Qrt Pcr ◽

Hhv8 Infection ◽

Common Variable

Patients who have common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and granulomatous/lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD) are at high risk for early mortality and B cell lymphomas. Infection with human herpes virus type 8 (HHV8), a B cell lymphotrophic virus, is linked to lymphoproliferative disorders in people who have secondary immunodeficiencies. Therefore, we determined the prevalence of HHV8 infection in CVID patients with GLILD. Genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was screened by nested- and real time-quantitative PCR (QRT-PCR) for the presence of HHV8 genome. It was positive in 6/9 CVID patients with GLILD (CVID-GLILD), 1/21 CVID patients without GLILD (CVID-control), and no patients receiving intravenous gamma globulin (n = 13) or normal blood donors (n = 20). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) demonstrated expression of the latency-associated nuclear antigen-1 (LANA-1) in the biopsies of the lung, liver, and bone marrow of four patients with CVID-GLILD. One CVID-GLILD patient developed a B cell lymphoma during the course of the study. QRT-PCR demonstrated high copy number of HHV8 genome and IHC showed diffuse staining for LANA-1 in the malignant lymph node. HHV8 infection may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of the interstitial lung disease and lymphoproliferative disorders in patients with CVID.

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Multicenter Prospective Study for Laboratory Diagnosis of HHV8 Infection in Solid Organ Donors and Transplant Recipients and Evaluation of the Clinical Impact After Transplantation

Transplantation Journal ◽

10.1097/tp.0000000000001740 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 101 (8) ◽

pp. 1935-1944 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Angela Chiereghin ◽

Patrizia Barozzi ◽

Evangelia Petrisli ◽

Giulia Piccirilli ◽

Liliana Gabrielli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Laboratory Diagnosis ◽

Clinical Impact ◽

Solid Organ ◽

Organ Donors ◽

Transplant Recipients ◽

Hhv8 Infection ◽

Multicenter Prospective Study

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Kaposi Sarcoma

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/arpa.2012-0101-rs ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 137 (2) ◽

pp. 289-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 106

Author(s):

Oana Radu ◽

Liron Pantanowitz

Keyword(s):

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Human Herpesvirus ◽

Kaposi Sarcoma ◽

Pyogenic Granuloma ◽

Vascular Tumor ◽

Tumor Stage ◽

Nuclear Antigen ◽

Low Grade ◽

Hhv8 Infection ◽

Anatomic Locations

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a low-grade vascular tumor associated with Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 (KSHV/HHV8) infection. Kaposi sarcoma lesions predominantly present at mucocutaneous sites, but may involve all organs and anatomic locations. Recognized epidemiologic-clinical forms of KS include classic, African (endemic), AIDS-associated (epidemic), and iatrogenic KS. New clinical manifestations have been described, such as antiretroviral therapy–related KS regression or flares. Kaposi sarcoma lesions evolve from early (patch stage) macules into plaques (plaque stage) that grow into larger nodules (tumor stage). Newer histologic variants include anaplastic, hyperkeratotic, lymphangioma-like, bullous, telangiectatic, ecchymotic, keloidal, pyogenic granuloma–like, micronodular, intravascular, glomeruloid and pigmented KS, as well as KS with sarcoidlike granulomas and KS with myoid nodules. Latency-associated nuclear antigen (HHV8) is the most specific immunohistochemical marker available to help distinguish KS from its mimics. Since KS remains one of the most common AIDS-defining malignancies, it is important that pathologists be able to recognize KS and its contemporary manifestations.

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