scholarly journals Geobotanical characteristics of psammophytic steppes of the Penza region in the Ardym river basin

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
L. A. Novikova ◽  
◽  
S. N. Artemova ◽  
V. K. Makuev ◽  
E. Y. Yakovlev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Anthropogenic Effects ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Anthropogenic Influence ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Middle Volga

The research is devoted to the study of poorly preserved psammophytic variants of meadow steppes in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga Region. It has allowed to define the main stages of re-establishment of vegetational cover and estimate the conservation prospects on the river Ardym in different ecological conditions (geomorphological and edaphyc). It has been established that the re-establishment of psammophytic steppes vegetation occurs in a similar way both on the slopes of the predominantly southern exposition and on watershed surfaces. However, in the absence of anthropogenic effects on watershed surfaces, there is a sylvatization of the vegetation cover resulting in displacement of psammophytic steppes. Only the constantly occurring weak natural erosion processes on the slopes of the predominantly southern exposition contribute to the preservation of these rare communities here. Under intense anthropogenic influence, as well as in the conditions of a significant erosion process, the psammophytic steppes fail to be preserved or replaced by steppe meadows.

scholarly journals SOURCES OF VALUABLE TRAITS FOR BREEDING SPRING SOFT WHEAT IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Elena Demina ◽  
Aleksandr Kincharov ◽  
Tat'yana Taranova ◽  
Ol'ga Mullayanova ◽  
Kristina Chekmasova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Traits For Breeding

The work was carried out in 2018-2019 in the forest-steppe zone of Samara region. The purpose of the research is to conduct study samples of collection nursery of various ecological and geographical origins and identify new sources of economically valuable traits for breeding in the forest – steppe of the Middle Volga region. The material for research was 352 collection samples of spring soft wheat, including 108 foreign varieties and hybrids and 244 domestic samples of breeding institutions of the Russian Federation. Meteorological conditions during the research years were quite severe, and vegetation took place in arid and acutely arid conditions (hydrothermal coefficient in 2018 – 0.51, in 2019 – 0.48, with a long-term value in the region of 0.73). The greatest variability over the years of research was observed in the indicators of grain yield of samples (Сv=23.9...27.5 %) and plants height (Сv=10.8...12.9 %). According to the research results, 30 new genetic sources of economically valuable traits of spring soft wheat were identified. Sources of precocity (period of shoots-earing 35...37 days): Uralskaya kukushka, Chelyaba rannyaya, Tyumenskaya 25, Lutescens 70, Odeta, Libertina, Chi Mai, Long Fu 7, M83-1551. Sources of short stems (plants height 40...45 cm): KWS Torridon, KWS Jetstream, Florens, Eleganza, Long Fu 13. Sources of consistently high productivity (grain yield 415...554 g/m2, and the yield increase over the standard 71...210 g/m2): Erythrospermum 4089, Grekum 5523, Lutescens 6029, Lutescens 6074/6-23, Lutescens 6102/1-32, Lutescens 6102/1-34 Erythrospermum 6517/24-1, Ekada 214, Burlak, Ulyanovskaya 105, Lebedushka, Saratovskaya 73. Sources of high protein content (15.4...16.7 %) and gluten (36.0...42.0 %) in grain: Erythrospermum 3898, Erythrospermum 4112, Erythrospermum 4171, Erythrospermum 5289

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF AGROMINERAL MICROFERTILIZING MIXTURE APPLICATION ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SUNFLOWER HYBRID

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Denis Potapov ◽  
Ramis Saniev ◽  
Vasiliy Vasin ◽  
Aleksey Vasin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Middle Volga

The work presents the results of studies for 2017-2019, aimed at developing methods for increasing the productivity of sunflower hybrids cultivated according to the Clearfield system when using the microfertilizing mixture Agromineral in the forest-steppe zone of Middle Volga region. The results of the studies showed that the safety of plants at the time of harvesting is up to 91.8%; the maximum safety is achieved when processing crops by vegetation with Agromineral microfertilizing mixture at a dose of 3 l/ha. The leaf area increased until the budding phase, reaching a maximum of 99.2 thousand m2/ha, on a mid-season hybrid when processing crops with a dose of 3 l/ha, and then, due to drying of the lower leaves, it begins to decrease to the phase of the onset of flowering to 37.8 ... 57.9 thousand m2/ha. The maximum value of the photosynthetic potential is formed by crops of the mid-season hybrid 8N477KLDM - 4.781 million m2/ha days. The use of fertilizers and micronutrient mixtures increases its value and, as a result, increases productivity by 9.09 ... 9.36 kg/ha with an absolute indicator of 27.2 ... 33.2 kg/ha.

scholarly journals Impact of natural fires on the vegetation cover of steppe and forest-steppe zones (European part of Russia, Middle Volga region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Valentina Ilyina ◽  
Anna Mitroshenkova ◽  
Stepan Senator ◽  
Vera Solovyeva ◽  
Stanislav Rogov
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Natural Fires ◽  
Zonal Vegetation ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
The Impact

The effect of natural fires on the vegetation cover of steppe and forest-steppe zones in the south-east of European Russia (the middle course of the Volga River) has been evaluated. The research used methods of studying biosystems at organism, species, population and cenotic levels. The study revealed the possibility of regrowth of aboveground plant parts after fires, changes in the population structure of species, and resistance of populations and zonal plant communities to the effects of natural fires. The most vulnerable among zonal vegetation types are pine forests, feather-grass and petrophytic steppes. Frequency, intensity and area of natural fires in the Middle Volga region cause significant changes in the structure of vegetation cover and reduction of biodiversity. The results obtained in the study of the impact of fires on vegetation can be used in the planning and implementation of environmental and reforestation measures.

VARIABILITY OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT PLANT HEIGHT IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION FOREST-STEPPE CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
T. Yu. Taranova ◽  
Е. А. Demina ◽  
А. I. Kincharov ◽  
O. S. Mullayanova ◽  
K. Yu. Chekmasova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Middle Volga

The results of the study of 250 collection samples of spring soft wheat of various ecological and geographical groups are presented in order to identify the source material that combines optimal plant height and high productivity for the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region. The work was carried out in 2017–2020 in the Samara region. The study and evaluation of samples was carried out according to the Methodology of the state variety testing and the methodological recommendations of the VIR. The average height of plants in the samples over the years of research varied within 68.5-109.2 cm, the coefficient of variation of the trait was 11.86-13.72 %. The presence of a positive average and weak correlation between the yield and plant height, regardless of the moisture conditions of the year (r = 0.15-0.47), was revealed. A strong positive relationship was observed between the height of the samples and the following weather factors: precipitation in June (r = 0.94), precipitation during the growing season (r = 0.87), hydrothermal coefficient of June (r = 0.93), hydrothermal coefficient for the growing season (r = 0.83). The highest grain yield was formed by samples from the group of undersized and medium-grown, on average 416 and 428 g/m2, respectively. A number of highly productive varieties were identified: 3 medium-grown samples (105 cm) with a yield of 419.7-435.7 g/m2 and 21 undersized samples (85-102 cm) with an average grain yield of 485.0-585.7 g/m2. Dwarf specimens sample a stable manifestation of short-stemmed growth over the years and high resistance to lodging were noted. According to the research results, it was found that the optimal height of plants for the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region is in the range of 85-105 cm. The selected undersized and medium-grown samples with high grain yield and dwarf samples with high resistance to lodging are recommended for use in breeding programs of the region and places with similar conditions.

Structure and dynamics of alien flora of the railroads in the forest-steppe zone of Middle Volga Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Nikolay Alexandrovich Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Alien Flora ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Species Occupancy

The following paper is a result of many-year-observations of the railways flora in the Middle Volga Region. Observations were carried out on the territory of several entities with different configurations of the railway network and the intensity of its operation. The cited data characterize the foreign component as a two-level dynamic system consisting of a core and a fluctuating outer belt. The core is represented by American and Eurasian invasive species that are firmly established in the natural plant communities and capable of prolonged growth in one place. External fluctuating belt consists of naturalized alien species and permanently or occasionally presents in the composition of ruderal vegetation, capable of changing their numbers, depending on the living conditions and the operation of the railways. Structurally alien flora is formed under the influence of extreme living conditions that is reflected in the predominance of annual herbaceous plants xerophytic spectrum, as well as the cosmopolitan weed. The taxonomic structure shows impoverishment of the species composition, low values of the species occupancy rate, but at the same time the generic fillability of the families shows relatively high indices. In general, foreign component flora characterized by considerable resistance to extreme environmental conditions, is capable of long-term existence in a certain area, with a tendency to settling in adjacent territories characterizing similar habitat conditions.

Modern and buried soils of kurgans in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region (by the example of Komintern I kurgan)

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Lomov ◽  
A. V. Lyganov ◽  
A. A. Khisyametdinova ◽  
I. N. Spiridonova ◽  
N. N. Solodkov
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER WHEAT IN CROP ROTATION LINKS ON LEACHED BLACK SOIL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.В. Богомазов ◽  
А.В. Лянденбурская ◽  
А.А. Левин ◽  
О.А. Ткачук ◽  
Е.В. Ефремова
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Middle Volga

Целью исследований являлось совершенствование элементов технологии возделывания озимой пшеницы в лесостепи Среднего Поволжья, позволяющих оптимизировать условия роста и развития. Исследованиями установлено, что вид пара не оказывал существенного влияния на плотность почвы. После сидерального пара запасы продуктивной влаги метрового слоя перед посевом снижались, в среднем, на 6,4 мм. Размещение озимой пшеницы после сидерального пара приводило к несущественному уменьшению площади листьев на 0,14 тыс. м2/га, по сравнению с черным паром. Наибольший вклад в формирование продуктивности озимой пшеницы оказало удобрение Гумостим, которое способствовало увеличению площади листовой поверхности на 5,1 тыс. м2/га, урожайности на 0,46 т/га по отношению к контролю. The aim of the research was to improve the elements of winter wheat cultivation technology in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region, which allow to optimize the conditions for growth and development. The studies found that the type of fallow did not significantly affect the density of the soil. After green-manured fallow, the reserves of productive moisture in the meter layer decreased before sowing, on average, by 6.4 mm. Winter wheat placing after green manure fallow led to an insignificant decrease in leaf area by 0.14 thousand m2/ha, compared to black fallow. The greatest contribution to the formation of the productivity of winter wheat was made by the fertilizer Gumostim, which contributed to an increase in the leaf area by 5.1 thousand m2/ha, in yield - by 0.46 t/ha in relation to the control.

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