scholarly journals Tsunami Potential Due To Strike-Slip Earthquake Affected by Submarine Landslide

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiko Setyonegoro
Keyword(s):  
Strike Slip ◽  
Submarine Landslide ◽  
Strike Slip Fault ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Tsunami Height ◽  
First Case ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Seafloor Deformation ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Tsunami Run Up

The most of earthquakes in the western part of North of Sumatra, Indonesia have tsunami potential. This paper discuss about tsunami height which was triggered by large energy of earthquake along strike-slip fault and submarine landslide. Beyond of a view historical tsunamis in the western part Sumatra in Aceh, which was occured on April 11, 2012 have given several questions for the majority of earth scientist in relation with the potential for tsunami. The 8.6 M earthquake might have no tsunami potential significantly, with the hypothesis that mechanism of the earthquake source is strike-slip. However BMKG, in accordance with standard operating procedures stated that this earthquake "potential tsunami". But here we will give other parameters that affect a potential tsunami by performing the calculation of the effects of landslides. This paper describes how potential and kinetic energy spread during landslide and analysis of mechanism and underwater structures named as guyot as the cause of the earthquake along strike-slip fault. This paper discuss about scoup study on landslide which give the hypothesis that the type of submarine landslide or landslide of near shore cliff also will have influence to tsunami height or run-up. The key is, how strongly the all of disturbance above will increasing or decreasing of  sea water volume. The result for the first case, strike-slip earthquake without the submarine landslide obtain maximum run-up in Meulaboh  is 1.5864 m, with E~Mo (seafloor deformation). For the second case is strike-slip earthquake influenced by submarine landslide obtained ETotal ~1020 ~ Mo (seafloor deformation) which obtained tsunami run-up in Meulaboh 1.7726 m. So in this case, the landslide under the sea it also affected to the maximum tsunami height, but not significantly influence. For the last case, strike-slip earthquake influenced by landslide of near shore cliff: ETotal is estimated Ekfall ~  1022  ~  Mw ~  8 SR, equivalent with vertical of seafloor deformation and obtain tsunami run-up in Meulaboh 16.9372 m.Keywords: tsunami run-up, fault, strike-slip, submarine landslide, uppper the sea landslide, potential energy, kinetic energySebagian besar gempabumi yang terjadi pada area barat Sumatera Indonesia berpotensi tsunami. Tulisan ini memodelkan kemungkinan ketinggian tsunami yang dipicu oleh gempabumi dengan energi besar sepanjang sesar geser yang dipengaruhi oleh longsoran bawah laut. Gempabumi dengan kekuatan 8,6 Mw pada 11 April 2012 yang terjadi di bagian barat Sumatera telah menimbulkan kepanikan akan tetapi tidak menimbulkan bencana tsunami besar karena terjadi di sepanjang sesar geser kerak Samudera Hindia. Berdasarkan pemodelan, gempabumi sepanjang sesar geser dapat memicu tsunami besar bilamana diikuti oleh longsoran bawah laut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memodelkan propagasi gelombang tsunami dengan proses mekanisme gempabumi strike-slip yang dipengaruhi oleh kondisi batimetri, volume struktur, jumlah dan jenis tanah longsor bawah laut yang dapat memicu ketinggian gelombang tsunami. Perhitungan dan pemodelan ini melibatkan simulasi energi potensial dan energi kinetik yang mempengaruhi ketinggian gelombang tsunami pada garis pantai. Hasil pemodelan pertama, dengan anggapan gempabumi sesar geser yang tidak dipengaruhi oleh proses longsor bawah laut menghasilkan ketinggian tsunami di Meulaboh 1,5864 m, dengan E ~ Mo (deformasi dasar laut). Untuk kasus pemodelan kedua dengan anggapan gempabumi sesar geser disertai oleh longsoran di bawah permukaan laut diperoleh Etotal ~ 1020 ~ Mo (deformasi dasar laut) yang menghasilkan ketinggian tsunami di Meulaboh 1,7726 m. Untuk pemodelan ketiga, gempabumi sesar geser yang diikuti oleh longsoran di tebing dekat pantai dengan Etotal diperkirakan Ekfall ~ 1022 ~ Mw ~ 8 SR setara dengan jenis mekanisme deformasi vertikal yang dapat menghasilkan ketinggian gelombang tsunami di Meulaboh sampai dengan 16,9372 m. Kata Kunci: run-up tsunami, sesar geser, longsoran bawah laut, longsoran diatas permukaan laut, energi potensial, energi kinetik

scholarly journals Tsunami Generation Potential of a Strike-slip Fault Tip in the Westernmost Mediterranean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Estrada ◽  
J. M. González-Vida ◽  
J. A. Peláez ◽  
J. Galindo-Zaldívar ◽  
S. Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Strike Slip Fault ◽  
Tsunami Generation ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Tsunami Early Warning ◽  
Seafloor Deformation ◽  
Tsunami Early Warning Systems

Abstract Tsunamis are triggered by sudden seafloor displacements, and usually originate from seismic activity at faults. Nevertheless, strike-slip faults are usually disregarded as major triggers, as they are thought to be capable of generating only moderate seafloor deformation; accordingly, the tsunamigenic potential of the vertical throw at the tips of strike-slip faults is not thought to be significant. We found the active dextral NW-SE Averroes Fault in the central Alboran Sea (westernmost Mediterranean) has a historical vertical throw of up to 5.4 m at its northwestern tip corresponding to an earthquake of Mw 7.0. We modelled the tsunamigenic potential of this seafloor deformation by Tsunami-HySEA software using the Coulomb 3.3 code. Waves propagating on two main branches reach highly populated sectors of the Iberian coast with maximum arrival heights of 6 m within 21 and 35 min, which is too quick for current early-warning systems to operate successfully. These findings suggest that the tsunamigenic potential of strike-slip faults is more important than previously thought, and justify the re-evaluation of tsunami early-warning systems worldwide.

scholarly journals Tsunami generation potential of a strike-slip fault tip in the westernmost Mediterranean

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Estrada ◽  
J. M. González-Vida ◽  
J. A. Peláez ◽  
J. Galindo-Zaldívar ◽  
S. Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Strike Slip Fault ◽  
Tsunami Generation ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Tsunami Early Warning ◽  
Seafloor Deformation ◽  
Tsunami Early Warning Systems

AbstractTsunamis are triggered by sudden seafloor displacements, and usually originate from seismic activity at faults. Nevertheless, strike-slip faults are usually disregarded as major triggers, as they are thought to be capable of generating only moderate seafloor deformation; accordingly, the tsunamigenic potential of the vertical throw at the tips of strike-slip faults is not thought to be significant. We found the active dextral NW–SE Averroes Fault in the central Alboran Sea (westernmost Mediterranean) has a historical vertical throw of up to 5.4 m at its northwestern tip corresponding to an earthquake of Mw 7.0. We modelled the tsunamigenic potential of this seafloor deformation by Tsunami-HySEA software using the Coulomb 3.3 code. Waves propagating on two main branches reach highly populated sectors of the Iberian coast with maximum arrival heights of 6 m within 21 and 35 min, which is too quick for current early-warning systems to operate successfully. These findings suggest that the tsunamigenic potential of strike-slip faults is more important than previously thought, and should be taken into account for the re-evaluation of tsunami early-warning systems.

Source reconstruction of the 1969 Sulawesi, Indonesia earthquake and tsunami

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignatius Ryan Pranantyo ◽  
Athanasius Cipta ◽  
Hasbi Shiddiqi ◽  
Mohammad Heidarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Tsunami Source ◽  
Source Reconstruction ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Tsunami Height ◽  
Earthquake Focal Mechanism ◽  
Ground Motion Modelling ◽  
First Motion ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Tsunami Run Up ◽  
Distribution Distance

<p>An M7.0 earthquake followed by moderate tsunami destructed Majene region, western Sulawesi on 23 February 1969. This event claimed at least 64 lives and caused severe damage to infrastructure. In this study, we reconstructed the earthquake and tsunami source of this event by optimising macroseismic and tsunami dataset reported as well as analysed the earthquake focal mechanism. We estimated that the maximum intensity of the earthquake was VIII (in Modified Mercalli Intensity). From the first motion polarity analysis, the earthquake had a thrust mechanism which was plausibly from the Makassar Thrust. Further, deterministic ground motion modelling successfully fits the intensity data. However, thrust earthquake from the Makassar Thrust was unable to reconstruct 4 m tsunami height observed at Pelattoang. The estimated ratio between maximum tsunami run-up height and lateral distribution distance (<em>I<sub>2</sub></em>) from the dataset indicates that the tsunami was generated by a local coastal landslide.</p><p>(This study is funded by the Royal Society (UK) grant number CHL/R1/180173)</p>

ESTIMATION OF SEISMICALLY-INDUCED POTENTIAL TSUNAMI PENETRATION ONTO COASTAL TERRAINS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C. Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Wind Wave ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Tsunami Height ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Site Development ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Tsunami Run Up

This paper presents a methodology of estimating the inland incursion of tsunamis generated offshore by earthquakes by adapting prognostic equations of wind wave run-up to the earthquakes’ long-period characteristics. Tsunami height is estimated from site-specific historical events. The methodology takes account the nearshore depths, backshore topography, tidal range, and tsunami approach direction. Two project applications are discussed; one involving site development planning for a coastal resort whereas the other involving tsunami evacuation zone assessment for a prospective seaport site. Keywords: Tsunami, run-up, earthquake, planning, site development

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