scholarly journals Dynamic Characterization of Macrobending Loss Optical Fiber-Based Load Sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
Bambang Widiyatmoko ◽  
Mefina Y. Rofianingrum
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Dynamic Characterization ◽  
Source Characterization ◽  
Sensor Material ◽  
Sensor Resistance ◽  
The Difference

The weight of vehicles passing through the road greatly affects road damage, so it is necessary to have a non-stop weighing system or Weight in Motion (WIM). In this study, the dynamic characterization of the WIM sensor was carried out based on the principle of optical fiber macrobending. In this study, a single-mode step-index optical fiber was used as the sensor material and a laser diode with a power of 5 mW and a wavelength of 1,550 nm as a light source. Characterization was carried out by running over the sensor using a motor with three variations of speed, namely 10 km/hour, 15 km/hour, and 20 km/hour. Two different conditions were also carried out, namely, the sensor was directly crushed and the sensor was reinforced in the form of a half-cylinder wooden beam. The test was carried out with three different types of sensors. From the observations, data shows that the addition of a beam can increase the accuracy of the reading as seen from the smaller the difference in the output voltage reading for the same type of sensor and vehicle speed. Besides that, there is a strengthening of the sensor resistance up to 10 times which is known from the sensor output voltage where the voltage at the addition of the beam is 1/10 of the reading without the beam. This is due to an increase in the sensor area exposed to the load.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Microsphere ZnO ALD Coating Dedicated for the Fiber-Optic Refractive Index Sensor

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Listewnik ◽  
Marzena Hirsch ◽  
Przemysław Struk ◽  
Matthieu Weber ◽  
Mikhael Bechelany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Fiber Optic Sensor ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Fabry Perot

We report the fabrication of a novel fiber-optic sensor device, based on the use of a microsphere conformally coated with a thin layer of zinc oxide (ZnO) by atomic layer deposition (ALD), and its use as a refractive index sensor. The microsphere was prepared on the tip of a single-mode optical fiber, on which a conformal ZnO thin film of 200 nm was deposited using an ALD process based on diethyl zinc (DEZ) and water at 100 °C. The modified fiber-optic microsphere was examined using scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Theoretical modeling has been carried out to assess the structure performance, and the performed experimental measurements carried out confirmed the enhanced sensing abilities when the microsphere was coated with a ZnO layer. The fabricated refractive index sensor was operating in a reflective mode of a Fabry–Pérot configuration, using a low coherent measurement system. The application of the ALD ZnO coating enabled for a better measurement of the refractive index of samples in the range of the refractive index allowed by the optical fiber. The proof-of-concept results presented in this work open prospects for the sensing community and will promote the use of fiber-optic sensing technologies.

scholarly journals Electrochemistry in an Optical Fiber Microcavity - Optical Monitoring of Electrochemical Processes in Picoliter Volumes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Gabler ◽  
Andrzej Krześniak ◽  
Monika Janik ◽  
Anna Myśliwiec ◽  
Marcin Koba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Micromachining ◽  
Optical Readout ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Electrochemical Phenomena

In this work, we demonstrate a novel method for multi-domain analysis of properties of analytes in volumes as small as picoliter, combining electrochemistry and optical measurements. A microcavity in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer (µIMZI) obtained in a standard single-mode optical fiber using femtosecond laser micromachining was able to accommodate a microelectrode and optically monitor electrochemical processes inside the fiber. The interferometer shows exceptional sensitivity to changes in optical properties of analytes in the microcavity. We show that the optical readout follows the electrochemical reactions. Here, the redox probe (ferrocenedimethanol) undergoing reactions of oxidation and reduction changes the optical properties of the analyte (refractive index and absorbance) that are monitored by the µIMZI. Measurements have been supported by numerical analysis of both optical and electrochemical phenomena. On top of a capability of the approach to perform analysis in microscale, the difference between oxidized and reduced forms in the near-infrared can be clearly measured using the µIMZI, which is hardly possible using other optical techniques. The proposed multi-domain concept is a promising approach for highly reliable and ultrasensitive chemo- and biosensing.

scholarly journals Electrochemistry in an Optical Fiber Microcavity - Optical Monitoring of Electrochemical Processes in Picoliter Volumes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Gabler ◽  
Andrzej Krześniak ◽  
Monika Janik ◽  
Anna Myśliwiec ◽  
Marcin Koba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Micromachining ◽  
Optical Readout ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Electrochemical Phenomena

In this work, we demonstrate a novel method for multi-domain analysis of properties of analytes in volumes as small as picoliter, combining electrochemistry and optical measurements. A microcavity in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer (µIMZI) obtained in a standard single-mode optical fiber using femtosecond laser micromachining was able to accommodate a microelectrode and optically monitor electrochemical processes inside the fiber. The interferometer shows exceptional sensitivity to changes in optical properties of analytes in the microcavity. We show that the optical readout follows the electrochemical reactions. Here, the redox probe (ferrocenedimethanol) undergoing reactions of oxidation and reduction changes the optical properties of the analyte (refractive index and absorbance) that are monitored by the µIMZI. Measurements have been supported by numerical analysis of both optical and electrochemical phenomena. On top of a capability of the approach to perform analysis in microscale, the difference between oxidized and reduced forms in the near-infrared can be clearly measured using the µIMZI, which is hardly possible using other optical techniques. The proposed multi-domain concept is a promising approach for highly reliable and ultrasensitive chemo- and biosensing.

Fabrication and characterization of single-mode electro-optic polymer optical fiber

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (23) ◽  
pp. 1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Welker ◽  
Jeff Tostenrude ◽  
Dennis W. Garvey ◽  
Brian K. Canfield ◽  
Mark G. Kuzyk
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Polymer Optical Fiber ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

scholarly journals Effects of Size and Surrounding Medium on Whispering-Gallery-Mode Lasers in Er3+-Doped Silica Microspheres

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thu Trang Hoang ◽  
Van Dai Pham ◽  
Thanh Son Pham ◽  
Xuan Bach Nguyen ◽  
Khai Q. Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Silica Microspheres ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Tapered Optical Fiber ◽  
Difference Time

Abstract This work reports the experimental fabrication and characterization of the Er3+-doped silica microspheres (mS) and numerical investigation of the effects of size and surrounding medium on the optical properties of whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) lasers. The heat melting method of two discharge electrodes was used to produce the Er3+-doped silica mSs of diameters up to several tens of micrometers. The 125-mm diameter single-mode optical fiber was tapered with a cone angle formed by chemical etching in hydrofluoric acid (HF) solutions. It was used to produce the mSs and couple the pumped laser into mS surface as well was coupled out the lasing emission. The WGM lasers at telecom regime of ~1520-1570 nm were characterized in both clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) propagation directions. By adjusting the coupling gap between the tapered optical fiber and the mS surface, the selectivity of the multi- or single-emitted modes of the mS laser was achieved. We performed finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations to examine the size dependence and analyze the effect of the surrounding medium’s refractive index on the optical characteristics, such as emission wavelength, intensity, as well as the shape of WGM lasing emission. The facile approach and quantitative investigation of this work has attracted much attention from researchers in the micro-photonic field and may be useful in many applications from tunable single-mode lasing sensing to optical micro-devices.

Characterization of single-mode polymer optical fiber and electrooptic fiber devices

1999 ◽  
Vol 245 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 327-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G. Kuzyk ◽  
Dennis W. Garvey ◽  
Brian K. Canfield ◽  
Steven R. Vigil ◽  
David J. Welker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Polymer Optical Fiber ◽  
Fiber Devices
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