GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SIMMENTAL CATTLE LINES BY POLYMORPHIC BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS

Marking the cattle populations by individual genes and gene complexes createsnew opportunities for the development of selection when genetic methods aim to prevent the decrease of the populations’ gene variability. The article reveals the studies of the genetic structure of the Simmental cattle population, PAT breeding facility "Chervoniy Veleten" for erythrocyte antigens of 9 genetic systems (A, B, C, F, J, L, M, S, Z); linear affiliation of animals was taken into account. Animal erythrocyte antigens were determined by hemolysis reaction using monospecific sera - reagents. It is established that the spectrum of certain antigens is specific for Simmental cattle. The high frequency of antigenic factors G2, T2, E3/, G/, I/, O/, Q/, B// (q = 0,364 - 0,636) let us identify allele markers inherent in Simmental cattle: BGKE/G/O/Q/, BGKE/O/, BGO/, G2O2Y2, as well as OQ/, OI/Q/, TV /P/. The analysis of the of the most numerous factory lines (Neolit, Lavra, Zorkiy, Biser, Lascar) was carried out. It was shown that the markers of the Neolit line can be considered as the alleles: BOI'Q'(q = 0.2931) and BOTG`K` (q = 0.2392), Lavra - BBIA`K` (q = 0.1863) and BO` (q = 0.2500), Zorkiy - ВBGO` (q = 0.1325) and Вb, Biser - ВOI`Q` (q = 0.2246) and BG/ (q = 0.1920), Lascara - ВBGKE`GÒ `Q` (q = 0.1405) and BO` (q = 0.2735). It was found, that alleles EAB, which are more common for Laurel and Lascar lines (Kv=32.04%) are marked by the most similarities in the alleles of the EAB - blood group system, the highest values of the difference coefficient are characteristic of the Neolit - Lascar and Neolit - Laurel lines (55.66% and 54.86% respectively), the most differentiated was the Neolit line (Kv ser. = 49.48%, dser. = 0.332). Detection of interlinear differences in related groups of Simmental cattle allows preliminary prediction, correction and plan the animal selection for factory mating.

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The Evolutionary Impact Of Malaria On The Saudi Arabian Genome

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v122.21.1001.1001 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 122 (21) ◽

pp. 1001-1001

Author(s):

John J. Farrell ◽

Awatif N. Al-Nafaie ◽

Amein K. Al-Ali ◽

Abdullah M. Al-Rubaish ◽

Zaki Naserullah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Blood Group ◽

High Frequency ◽

Conflicts Of Interest ◽

Saudi Arabian ◽

Acute Chest Syndrome ◽

Blood Group System ◽

Eastern Province ◽

Group System ◽

Asian Populations

Abstract The sickle hemoglobin (HbS) gene has a high frequency in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia where it is associated with the Arab-Indian haplotype. This haplotype is characterized by HbF of 15-20% in adults and a disease phenotype that is characterized by milder anemia, splenomegaly, fewer strokes and rare leg ulcers, but with a high frequency of pain, acute chest syndrome and osteonecrosis. The emergence of malaria in Africa several millennia ago provided the selective pressure allowing the evolution of many polymorphisms that protected their carriers from the ravages of malarial infestation; the HbS gene was but one of these protective traits that emerged and reached polymorphic frequencies. The HbS gene found in our subjects from the Eastern Province might have arisen in the Indian aboriginal population of the Indus Valley Harappa culture that might be related to the pre-Arab populations of the Arabian Peninsula and distributed to the Arabian through gene flow to the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait, and Oman. We completed whole genome sequencing with 40x coverage on 14 unrelated individuals who were homozygous for HbS and from the indigenous population of the Al-Qatif and Al-Hasa region located along the Western shore of the Persian Gulf in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Human settlement in this region dates to 3500 BC and the area was a center of trade between India and present day Iraq. This population has a little admixture with populations from other areas of the Kingdom and has inhabited the area for over 1,000 years. For each individual, there were an average of 3,282,949 SNPs, and 771,332 insertions/deletions among which we searched for variants associated with malaria resistance. Besides HbS, these patients were found to be enriched with malaria resistant variants from: DARC (Duffy Antigen), G6PD, HBA2, TIRAP, SCL4A1, CD36, FCGR2B, ABO, MARVELD3 and ATP2B4. The population has a mix of malaria resistant variants that are found in European, African and Asian populations. Among these genes are several novel variants in functionally important proteins (Table of Malaria Resistant Variants in Saudi Arabians). In CD36 which has a role in the adhesion of infected RBCs, two novel SNPs were discovered that are in functionally important sites. Malaria has therefore been a major evolutionary force on this initial out-of-Africa population. Selective sweeps have resulted in a population with multiple protective variants and a different phenotype of sickle cell disease. Further, mitochondrial analysis of the Saudi Arabian samples found the two most frequent haplogroups were U7a and L both with frequencies of 29% each. The relative high frequency of the African ancestral L haplogroup was unexpected and suggested recent African admixture. To examine this possibility further, we performed formal tests for a history of admixture (“three population” test). This test found no evidence of admixture within the Saudi Arabian population with the African populations. The Saudi genome findings are consistent with the hypothesis that modern humans populated the Middle East 110,000 years before present, became isolated by the changing climate, and due to selective pressures of malaria, the HbS mutation and other malaria resistant variants independently arose outside of Africa.Table of Malaria Resistant Variants in Saudi ArabiansGeneVariantFreqChangeMalaria Disease ResistanceDARCrs28147780.86GATA Binding SiteDuffy blood group system, FY(a-b-) phenotypeDARCrs120750.04G42DDuffy blood group system, FYA/FYB polymorphismFCGR2Brs10505010.36I225TRegulation of antibody productionATP2B4rs49510740.25Main calcium pump of erythrocytesHLA-BHLA*B*53:010.11Immune ResponseCD36rs32118610.10Frame-shiftAdhesion of infected RBCsCD36rs13345120.32UTR-5Adhesion of infected RBCsCD36rs1443442490.10N53SAdhesion of infected RBCsCD36chr7:802860100.03T92MNovel and probably damagingCD36chr7:803002940.03S198PNovel and important targetABOrs81767190.25Blood group type O alleleTIRAPrs81773740.18S180LInnate immune systemHBBrs3341.00E7VHbSHBA2rs637500670.033'UTRAlpha-thalassemia-2 nondeletionalMARVELD3rs23348800.93IntergenicSLC4A1rs50360.07K56EBand 3 MemphisSLC4A1rs50350.07D38AG6PDrs50308680.29S188FG6PD MediterraneanG6PDrs10508290.11N126DG6PD_A+G6PDrs10508280.07V68MG6PD A- Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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LU21: a new high-frequency antigen in the Lutheran blood group system

Vox Sanguinis ◽

10.1111/j.1423-0410.2004.00542.x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 87 (2) ◽

pp. 109-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

V. Karamatic Crew ◽

J. Poole ◽

J. Banks ◽

M. Reed ◽

G. Daniels

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

High Frequency ◽

Blood Group System ◽

Group System

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INRA, a new high-frequency antigen in the INDIAN (IN023) blood group system

Asian Journal of Transfusion Science ◽

10.4103/0973-6247.214337 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 121 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

SanmukhR Joshi ◽

Ankita Sheladiya ◽

KinjalV Mendapara-Dobariya

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

High Frequency ◽

Blood Group System ◽

Group System

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Anti-Lu 11: Another Antibody Defining a High-Frequency Antigen Related to the Lutheran Blood Group System

Vox Sanguinis ◽

10.1111/j.1423-0410.1974.tb02388.x ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 52-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mary Ann Gralnick ◽

Dennis Goldfinger ◽

Patricia A. Hatfield ◽

Marion E. Reid ◽

W. L. Marsh

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

High Frequency ◽

Blood Group System ◽

Group System

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Anti-K18 : An Antibody Defining Another High-Frequency Antigen Related to the Kell Blood Group System

Vox Sanguinis ◽

10.1159/000465435 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 124-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Barrasso ◽

P. Eska ◽

A.J. Grindon ◽

R. Øyen ◽

W.L. Marsh

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

High Frequency ◽

Blood Group System ◽

Group System

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4.1. Two new gene complexes in the MNSs blood group system

Forensic Science International ◽

10.1016/0379-0738(81)90047-5 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 258 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Unger ◽

A. Orlina ◽

W. Dahr ◽

M. Kordowicz ◽

J. Moulds ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Blood Group System ◽

Group System ◽

New Gene ◽

Gene Complexes

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Blood Groups, BT and CT in Medical and Para Medical Students-Gender Based Distribution and Their Relation. An Observational Study.

International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention ◽

10.18535/ijmsci/v5i2.13 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 3553-3556

Author(s):

Masarat Nazeer ◽

Shaugfta Aara ◽

Nadeema Rafiq

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Bleeding Time ◽

Capillary Tube ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Blood Group System ◽

Clotting Time ◽

The Difference ◽

Group B

Background: Evaluation of blood groups, bleeding and clotting time are the most important and initial hematological parameters done routinely and especially before any surgical procedure. Researches indicate that various gastrointestinal diseases like ulcers, cancers, UTIs, cardiovascular disorder , diabetes mellitus as well as thrombosis, epistaxis etc. are associated with ABO blood group system. Hemostatic parameters like BT and CT also vary in different blood groups. Materials and methods: The available data of 400 students of 1st year of mbbs, bds and para medical courses was analyzed in every required aspects i.e. sex, age, ABO and Rh blood groups, bleeding and clotting times. The standard antisera (A, B, & D) was used to determine the blood group, Duke’s Method and Capillary tube method were used to find out bleeding and clotting time respectively. Finally, all the parameters were compared and analyzed statistically. Results: Blood group B (44.5%) was the most common blood group in both genders followed by O (30.5%), A (21%), and AB (4%). Bleeding time was found to be prolonged >4 min in maximum number of group O (53%) followed by group A (26.4%), group B (14.2%), and then group AB(6.1%) but the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.00005). Similarly clotting time was >6 min in group O(54.5%) followed by group B=A(18.1%), group least in AB (9%), but the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.19). Gender-wise bleeding time was more prolonged in females (67.3%) than males (32.6%) but the difference was statistically insignificant (p = 0.07), similarly clotting time too was prolonged more in females (81%)than males (18.2%) but again the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.04). Conclusion : In our study, blood group B predominated followed by O, A, and AB. Bleeding time was prolonged >4 min in blood group O followed by A,B, and AB whereas clotting time was prolonged >6 min in blood group O followed by A=B and then AB. Gender-wise bleeding and clotting time were higher in females than males. Various blood related disorders, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases are associated with blood groups, so people can take preventive measures according to their blood groups.

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Selection of Simmental cattle on beef and meatiness traits in Serbia

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah0504025b ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 21 (3-4) ◽

pp. 25-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vladan Bogdanovic ◽

Radica Djedovic ◽

Milan Petrovic

Keyword(s):

Cattle Population ◽

Selection Methods ◽

Dual Purpose ◽

Dual Purpose Cattle ◽

Beef Herds ◽

Simmental Cattle ◽

Selection For ◽

Breed Selection ◽

Selection Of ◽

Made In

Population of domestic Simmental breed represents a dominant population of cattle in Serbia. According to importance of this breed, selection so far has been made in order to improve milk production. In other hand, beef and meatiness traits almost were ignored. Selection of dual-purpose cattle requires combining a various breeding goals and selection methods that are very differ from those applied in pure dairy or beef herds. Improving of beef and meatiness traits in our dominant cattle population will have great importance in future. The aim of this paper is to show possibility of selection for beef and meatiness traits in Serbian Simmental cattle.

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