Improvement of Radioactive Waste Physical Protection as a Step to Maintain Nuclear Security

The paper considers the procedure of ensuring physical protection of radioactive materials, in particular establishing levels of physical protection and its impact on nuclear security in Ukraine. There is a brief overview of the nature and types of radioactive waste in Ukraine, types of storage facilities, other radioactive waste management facilities, locations of radioactive waste in Ukraine, in particular the Chornobyl exclusion zone, causes of threats and risks. Efficient prevention of these threats requires the state system for physical protection of facilities and installations. Based on experience, paper authors, who review physical protection in construction and modernization of physical protection systems of radioactive waste management facilities, consider the state of physical protection of storage facilities and other installations, their modernization and unsolved problems. The paper also considers the physical protection issue in radioactive waste transport and provides conclusions on the improvement of the regulatory and legal framework of nuclear security in Ukraine.

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Management of Institutional Radioactive Waste in Lithuania

9th ASME International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation: Volumes 1, 2, and 3 ◽

10.1115/icem2003-4877 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

P. Poskas ◽

J. E. Adomaitis ◽

R. Kilda

Keyword(s):

Radioactive Waste ◽

Waste Management ◽

Former Soviet Union ◽

Effective Control ◽

Surface Barrier ◽

Radioactive Waste Management ◽

Near Surface ◽

Interim Storage ◽

Storage Facilities

The growing number of radionuclide applications in Lithuania is mirrored by increasing demands for efficient management of the associated radioactive waste. For the effective control of radioactive sources a national authorization system based on the international requirements and recommendations was introduced, which also includes keeping and maintaining the State Register of Sources of lonising Radiation and Occupational Exposure. The principal aim of the Lithuania’s Radioactive Waste Management Agency is to manage and dispose all radioactive waste transferred to it. Radioactive waste generated during the use of sources in non-power applications are managed according to the basic radioactive waste management principles and requirements set out in the Lithuanian legislation and regulations. The spent sealed sources and other institutional waste are transported to the storage facilities at Ignalina NPP. About 35,000 spent sealed sources in about 500 packages are expected until year 2010 at Ignalina NPP storage facilities. The existing disposal facility for radioactive waste from research, medicine and industry at Maisiagala was built in the early 1960’s according to a concept typical of those applied in the former Soviet Union at that time. SKB (Sweden) with participation of Lithuanian Energy Institute has performed assessment of the long-term safety of the existing facility. It was shown that the existing facility does not provide safe long-term storage of the waste already disposed in the facility. Two alternatives were defined to remedy the situation. A first alternative is the construction of a surface barrier and a second one is a retrieval solution, whereby the already stored waste will be retrieved for conditioning, characterisation and interim storage at Ignalina NPP. Facilities for the processing of the institutional radioactive waste are required before submittal to Ignalina NPP for storage, since the present facilities are inadequate. Feasibility study to establish a new central facility has been performed by SKB International Consultants (Sweden) with participation of Lithuanian Energy Institute. This study has identified the process applied and equipment needed for a new facility. Reference design and Preliminary Safety Assessment have also been performed. Plans for the interim storage and disposal of the institutional waste are described in the paper. The aspects of finging safe disposal solutions for spent sealed sources in a near surface repositories are also discussed.

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Unreviewed Disposal Question Evaluation: Disposal of the Consolidated Nuclear Security, LLC Classified Mixed Waste Asbestos Neutron Generators at the Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site, Nevada National Security Site, Nye County, Nevada

10.2172/1529126 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Shott Gregory ◽

Dawn Reed

Keyword(s):

Radioactive Waste ◽

Waste Management ◽

National Security ◽

Radioactive Waste Management ◽

Area 5 ◽

Nuclear Security ◽

Neutron Generators ◽

Mixed Waste ◽

Nye County

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Radioactive Waste Activity Resources Estimation at "Ecores" Storage Facilities

Nonlinear Phenomena in Complex Systems ◽

10.33581/1561-4085-2020-23-4-414-427 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 414-427

Author(s):

M. L. Zhemzhurov ◽

N. D. Kuzmina ◽

A. V. Kuzmin ◽

K. A. Yarashevich

Keyword(s):

Radioactive Waste ◽

Waste Management ◽

Radioactive Waste Management ◽

Time Activity ◽

Safety Case ◽

The Republic ◽

Radiation Research ◽

Storage Facilities

In this paper, an estimation of radioactive waste activity resources in mothballed and being decommissioned storage facilities of the special enterprise for radioactive waste management, Unitary Enterprise "Ekores" (The Republic of Belarus), has been carried out taking into account the results of work on their comprehensive engineering and radiation research. At the same time, activity resources are differentiated by radioactive waste categories, what will serve as the basis for development of conceptual technological solutions for their extraction from storage facilities and long-term safety case.

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