scholarly journals A realistic review of family-based interventions for children of substance abusing parents.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia M. Usher ◽  
Kelly E. McShane ◽  
Candice Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Realist Review ◽  
Program Theory ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Substance Abusing ◽  
The Family ◽  
Prevention Model ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Family Based Interventions

Background Millions of children across North America and Europe live in families with alcohol or drug abusing parents. These children are at risk for a number of negative social, emotional and developmental outcomes, including an increased likelihood of developing a substance use disorder later in life. Family-based intervention programs for children with substance abusing parents can yield positive outcomes. This study is a realist review of evaluations of family-based interventions aimed at improving psychosocial outcomes for children of substance abusing parents (COSAPs). The primary objectives were to uncover patterns of contextual factors and mechanisms that generate program outcomes, and advance program theory in this field. Methods Realist review methodology was chosen as the most appropriate method of systematic review because it is a theory-driven approach that seeks to explore mechanisms underlying program effectiveness (or lack thereof). A systematic and comprehensive search of academic and grey literature uncovered 32 documents spanning 7 different intervention programs. Data was extracted from the included documents using abstraction templates designed to code for contexts, mechanisms and outcomes of each program. Two candidate program theories of family addiction were used to guide data analysis: the family disease model and the family prevention model. Data analysis was undertaken by a research team using an iterative process of comparison and checking with original documents to determine patterns within the data. Results Programs originating in both the family disease model and the family prevention model were uncovered, along with hybrid programs that successfully included components from each candidate program theory. Four demi-regularities were found to account for the effectiveness of programs included in this review: (1) opportunities for positive parent-child interactions, (2) supportive peer-to-peer relationships, (3) the power of knowledge, and (4) engaging hard to reach families using strategies that are responsive to socio-economic needs and matching services to client lived experience. Conclusions This review yielded new findings that had not otherwise been explored in COSAP program research and are discussed in order to help expand program theory. Implications for practice and evaluation are further discussed.

scholarly journals A realistic review of family-based interventions for children of substance abusing parents.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia M. Usher ◽  
Kelly E. McShane ◽  
Candice Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Realist Review ◽  
Program Theory ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Substance Abusing ◽  
The Family ◽  
Prevention Model ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Family Based Interventions

Background Millions of children across North America and Europe live in families with alcohol or drug abusing parents. These children are at risk for a number of negative social, emotional and developmental outcomes, including an increased likelihood of developing a substance use disorder later in life. Family-based intervention programs for children with substance abusing parents can yield positive outcomes. This study is a realist review of evaluations of family-based interventions aimed at improving psychosocial outcomes for children of substance abusing parents (COSAPs). The primary objectives were to uncover patterns of contextual factors and mechanisms that generate program outcomes, and advance program theory in this field. Methods Realist review methodology was chosen as the most appropriate method of systematic review because it is a theory-driven approach that seeks to explore mechanisms underlying program effectiveness (or lack thereof). A systematic and comprehensive search of academic and grey literature uncovered 32 documents spanning 7 different intervention programs. Data was extracted from the included documents using abstraction templates designed to code for contexts, mechanisms and outcomes of each program. Two candidate program theories of family addiction were used to guide data analysis: the family disease model and the family prevention model. Data analysis was undertaken by a research team using an iterative process of comparison and checking with original documents to determine patterns within the data. Results Programs originating in both the family disease model and the family prevention model were uncovered, along with hybrid programs that successfully included components from each candidate program theory. Four demi-regularities were found to account for the effectiveness of programs included in this review: (1) opportunities for positive parent-child interactions, (2) supportive peer-to-peer relationships, (3) the power of knowledge, and (4) engaging hard to reach families using strategies that are responsive to socio-economic needs and matching services to client lived experience. Conclusions This review yielded new findings that had not otherwise been explored in COSAP program research and are discussed in order to help expand program theory. Implications for practice and evaluation are further discussed.

scholarly journals Intervention Programs For Children of Substance Abusing Parents: Realist Review and Program Evaluation Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia M. Usher
Keyword(s):  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Implementation Fidelity ◽  
Realist Review ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Substance Abusing ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Family Based Interventions ◽  
Children's Program

Substance abuse is a pervasive issue affecting Canadian families, and a substantial number of children are impacted by alcohol or drug abusing parents. Children exposed to parental substance misuse are at increased risk for negative psychological, emotional, developmental, and behavioural outcomes, and a substantial proportion will go on to experience substance use issues later in life. Early intervention is key to providing support for these children and ultimately disrupting the family cycle of addiction. However, few family-based programs for children of substance abusing families are reported in the literature and information on program theory is lacking. A 2-study dissertation was conducted in order to address these gaps. First, a realist review study was undertaken to systematically review existing evaluations of family-based interventions aimed at improving psychosocial outcomes for children of substance abusing parents. A systematic search of academic and grey literature uncovered over 30 documents spanning 7 different intervention programs. Data were extracted on contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes for each program. Four demi-regularities, or patterns of program functioning, were found to account for the effectiveness of programs included in this review: 1) opportunities for positive parent-child interactions, 2) supportive peer-to-peer relationships, 3) the power of knowledge, and 4) engaging hard to reach families using strategies that are responsive to socio-economic needs and matching services to client lived experience. Second, a program evaluation of the Renascent Children’s Program was conducted in order to determine effective implementation and program outcomes for participating children and parents. A repeated measures, mixed methods design was used with 19 families (26 parents and 26 children) who enrolled in the program over a 16 month period. Results indicate that the Children’s Program yields significant improvements in child emotional and depressive symptoms, child conduct behaviours, parenting skills, parent emotion regulation, family functioning, and family communication. High levels of implementation fidelity were also found. These two dissertation studies shed light on theoretical process of family-based interventions for children of substance abusing parents and provide preliminary evidence of effectiveness of the Children’s Program.

scholarly journals Intervention Programs For Children of Substance Abusing Parents: Realist Review and Program Evaluation Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia M. Usher
Keyword(s):  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Implementation Fidelity ◽  
Realist Review ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Substance Abusing ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Family Based Interventions ◽  
Children's Program

Substance abuse is a pervasive issue affecting Canadian families, and a substantial number of children are impacted by alcohol or drug abusing parents. Children exposed to parental substance misuse are at increased risk for negative psychological, emotional, developmental, and behavioural outcomes, and a substantial proportion will go on to experience substance use issues later in life. Early intervention is key to providing support for these children and ultimately disrupting the family cycle of addiction. However, few family-based programs for children of substance abusing families are reported in the literature and information on program theory is lacking. A 2-study dissertation was conducted in order to address these gaps. First, a realist review study was undertaken to systematically review existing evaluations of family-based interventions aimed at improving psychosocial outcomes for children of substance abusing parents. A systematic search of academic and grey literature uncovered over 30 documents spanning 7 different intervention programs. Data were extracted on contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes for each program. Four demi-regularities, or patterns of program functioning, were found to account for the effectiveness of programs included in this review: 1) opportunities for positive parent-child interactions, 2) supportive peer-to-peer relationships, 3) the power of knowledge, and 4) engaging hard to reach families using strategies that are responsive to socio-economic needs and matching services to client lived experience. Second, a program evaluation of the Renascent Children’s Program was conducted in order to determine effective implementation and program outcomes for participating children and parents. A repeated measures, mixed methods design was used with 19 families (26 parents and 26 children) who enrolled in the program over a 16 month period. Results indicate that the Children’s Program yields significant improvements in child emotional and depressive symptoms, child conduct behaviours, parenting skills, parent emotion regulation, family functioning, and family communication. High levels of implementation fidelity were also found. These two dissertation studies shed light on theoretical process of family-based interventions for children of substance abusing parents and provide preliminary evidence of effectiveness of the Children’s Program.

Gezinsprofielen, Voor- en Vroegschoolse Stimulerings-Activiteiten en Schoolsucces

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Roel van Steensel
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Educational Achievements ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Based ◽  
At Home

In order to prepare children from disadvantaged backgrounds for primary education, early intervention programs are used. Generally, a distinction is made between two types of intervention activities: those which are conducted at home (family-based activities) and those which are conducted in, for example, preschools (center-based activities). This research project tries to establish whether there is a relation between participation in early intervention activities and the educational achievements of 119 pupils from the cities of Tilburg and Waalwijk. A comparison is made between four groups of children: a group that took part in the family-based program Opstap Opnieuw, a group that went to preschool, a group that did both, and a control group. The performances of these four groups are followed during the first years of primary education. In addition, an estimate is made of the influence of family characteristics on the effectiveness of both types of intervention activities.

Control and controllability: beliefs and behaviour in high and low expressed emotion relatives

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1091-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
JILL M. HOOLEY ◽  
CHRISTINE CAMPBELL
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Family Based Interventions

Background. Expressed emotion (EE) is a measure of the family environment that is a well replicated psychosocial predictor of psychiatric relapse. Theoretical models of EE place heavy emphasis on the notion of control. We explored the extent to which high and low EE relatives made both attributions of control about patients and engaged in controlling behaviours.Methods. Trained raters who were blind to information about EE coded interviews with 35 relatives of patients with schizophrenia and 42 relatives of patients with unipolar depression. Relatives were rated on two reliable scales that assessed relatives' tendencies to make illness controllability attributions and relatives' efforts to exert direct behavioural control over patients.Results. In both the schizophrenia and depressed groups, high-EE relatives attributed more control to their ill family members than did low EE relatives. They also behaved in a more controlling manner. Examination of patients' clinical outcomes during a 9-month follow-up period revealed that high levels of behavioural control on the part of relatives significantly predicted relapse in patients with schizophrenia but not in patients with depression.Conclusions. These findings support the attribution-based model of EE. They further suggest that controlling behaviours on the part of relatives may mediate the EE-relapse link in schizophrenia. Such behaviours may be important targets for modification in family-based interventions for schizophrenia.

Introduction

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Leslie M. Drozd ◽  
Nicholas Bala
Keyword(s):  
Program Development ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Contact Problems ◽  
Great Depth ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Parent Child Relationships ◽  
Family Based Interventions ◽  
Parent Child

This introduction provides a synopsis of the overall scope of this volume as well of its individual chapters, which cover a range of issues related to parent–child contact problems and family-based interventions to address them. The traditional approaches of the law and the justice system have failed to deal adequately with these alienation cases. Family-based therapeutic approaches that use psychoeducation and clinical interventions with the parents, the child, and the family offer promise for improving parent–child relationships and child outcomes. While the book focuses in great depth on the Overcoming Barriers approach, chapters are also dedicated to other such interventions. The authors endorse the need for further research and program development.

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