scholarly journals Exploring the use of systematic and heuristic processing in the courtroom: the effect of evidence modality on jurors’ decision-making processes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Freedman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mock Jurors ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Final Verdict ◽  
Murder Trial ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
Heuristic Processing

The use of technology in the courtroom is increasingly commonplace. While some research has explored how technology may influence jurors throughout the trial itself, there has been little focus on how it might influence jurors during the deliberation period, or whether it affects their verdicts. The current study assessed whether the form of evidence available during the decision-making period, along with the mock juror’s level of motivation for the task, affects how trial information is processed and how verdict decisions are made. Mock-jurors (N = 243), half of whom were explicitly informed of the task’s importance, watched a video of a murder trial. During the decision-making phase, some jurors were then given the opportunity to review the trial video, transcript, or both before rendering a final verdict. While there were no differences in verdicts as a function of review condition, the amount of content mock-jurors reviewed differed by review condition.

scholarly journals Exploring the use of systematic and heuristic processing in the courtroom: the effect of evidence modality on jurors’ decision-making processes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Freedman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mock Jurors ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Final Verdict ◽  
Murder Trial ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
Heuristic Processing

The use of technology in the courtroom is increasingly commonplace. While some research has explored how technology may influence jurors throughout the trial itself, there has been little focus on how it might influence jurors during the deliberation period, or whether it affects their verdicts. The current study assessed whether the form of evidence available during the decision-making period, along with the mock juror’s level of motivation for the task, affects how trial information is processed and how verdict decisions are made. Mock-jurors (N = 243), half of whom were explicitly informed of the task’s importance, watched a video of a murder trial. During the decision-making phase, some jurors were then given the opportunity to review the trial video, transcript, or both before rendering a final verdict. While there were no differences in verdicts as a function of review condition, the amount of content mock-jurors reviewed differed by review condition.

Electronic Collaboration in Strategic Decision-Making Processes

2014 ◽  
pp. 601-623
Author(s):  
Aslı Goksoy ◽  
Ozalp Vayvay ◽  
Beliz Ozsoy Yılmaz ◽  
Ahmet Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Strategy Formulation ◽  
Electronic Communications ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Electronic Collaboration ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Decision Making Processes

The pace of change in information and communication technology has accelerated rapidly in the past decade, providing various opportunities for companies to improve their efficiency and competitiveness and also collaborate with their business partners. In the digitally connected 21st century business environment, collaboration among organizations requires electronic communications within and across fields to facilitate superior outcomes. The proper use of technology enables businesses to be more efficient. E-collaboration has been a great tool to improve business and a strategic weapon to change the traditional business relationships. E-collaboration aims to facilitate coordination of decision-making processes, and it is no longer a source of competitive advantage, but instead a competitive necessity. Tightly linking information technology with strategy formulation is one of growing importance in organizations. This chapter aims to explore the role and benefits of technology in decision-making processes by presenting a successful implementation of electronic collaboration in a leading global supplier of electronics and electrical materials and provide useful information to managers and practitioners.

scholarly journals Jurors' expectations and decision-making: Revisiting the CSI effect

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Lodge ◽  
Mircea Zloteanu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Juror Decision Making ◽  
Mock Jurors ◽  
Csi Effect ◽  
Crime Severity ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Technological Means ◽  
Perceptions And Expectations ◽  
Crime Scenarios ◽  
The Impact

It has been argued that the rise in popularity of crime show dramas over the past few years has led to jurors holding unrealistic expectations regarding the type of evidence presented at trial. This has been coined the CSI effect. We investigated the CSI effect and the less well-known Tech effect-assigning more weight to evidence if obtained through technological means-and the impact of crime severity on juror decision-making. However, we argue that as time progresses, such effects will no longer be found to impact juror decision-making processes. We propose that past effects reported in the literature can be explained by considering a novelty bias. Using both frequentist and Bayesian frameworks, we tested this claim. Participants were primed with a newspaper that either contained a forensic, technology, or neutral article. They were then presented with two crime scenarios and asked to provide a verdict and a confidence rating. We find that mock jurors were unaffected by either the priming manipulation or crime severity, finding no evidence for either the CSI or Tech effects. The data suggest jurors are not as easily biased as has been previously argued in the literature, indicating a potential shift in public perceptions and expectations regarding evidence.

scholarly journals Are consistent juror decisions related to fast and frugal decision making? Investigating the relationship between juror consistency, decision speed and cue utilisation

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee J Curley ◽  
Jennifer Murray ◽  
Rory MacLean ◽  
Phyllis Laybourn
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Juror Decision Making ◽  
Legal Institution ◽  
Correlational Design ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Final Verdict ◽  
Decision Speed ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Opening Statements

The aim of this study was to establish whether more consistent/accurate juror decision making is related to faster decision-making processes which use fewer cues – that is, fast and frugal heuristic processes. A correlational design was implemented with the co-variables: consistency of verdict decisions (participant decisions compared to the actual court verdicts), decision speed, and cue utilisation (the number of cues used to make a final verdict decision). Sixty participants read information about six murder trials which were based on real cases and whose outcome verdicts were deemed to be correct by the Scottish legal institution. Three of the cases had been handed down ‘not guilty’ verdicts, and three had been handed down ‘guilty’ verdicts. Participants read opening statements and were then presented with a block of prosecution evidence, followed by a block of defence evidence. They were then asked to make a final verdict. All three co-variables were significantly related. Cue utilisation and speed were positively correlated, as would be expected. Consistency was negatively and significantly related to both speed and cue utilisation. Partial correlations highlighted that cue utilisation was the only variable to have a significant relationship with consistency, and that the relationship between speed and consistency was a by-product of how frugal the juror was. Findings support the concept of frugal decisional processes being optimal within a juror context. The more frugal a decision is, the more likely jurors are to be to be accurate/consistent.

Electronic Collaboration in Strategic Decision-Making Processes

2017 ◽  
pp. 80-104
Author(s):  
Asli Goksoy ◽  
Ozalp Vayvay ◽  
Beliz Ozsoy Yılmaz ◽  
Ahmet Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Strategy Formulation ◽  
Electronic Communications ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Electronic Collaboration ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Decision Making Processes

The pace of change in information and communication technology has accelerated rapidly in the past decade, providing various opportunities for companies to improve their efficiency and competitiveness and also collaborate with their business partners. In the digitally connected 21st century business environment, collaboration among organizations requires electronic communications within and across fields to facilitate superior outcomes. The proper use of technology enables businesses to be more efficient. E-collaboration has been a great tool to improve business and a strategic weapon to change the traditional business relationships. E-collaboration aims to facilitate coordination of decision-making processes, and it is no longer a source of competitive advantage, but instead a competitive necessity. Tightly linking information technology with strategy formulation is one of growing importance in organizations. This chapter aims to explore the role and benefits of technology in decision-making processes by presenting a successful implementation of electronic collaboration in a leading global supplier of electronics and electrical materials and provide useful information to managers and practitioners.

Electronic Collaboration in Strategic Decısıon-Makıng Processes

2014 ◽  
pp. 217-239
Author(s):  
Aslı Goksoy ◽  
Ozalp Vayvay ◽  
Beliz Ozsoy Yılmaz ◽  
Ahmet Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Strategy Formulation ◽  
Electronic Communications ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Electronic Collaboration ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Decision Making Processes

The pace of change in information and communication technology has accelerated rapidly in the past decade, providing various opportunities for companies to improve their efficiency and competitiveness and also collaborate with their business partners. In the digitally connected 21st century business environment, collaboration among organizations requires electronic communications within and across fields to facilitate superior outcomes. The proper use of technology enables businesses to be more efficient. E-collaboration has been a great tool to improve business and a strategic weapon to change the traditional business relationships. E-collaboration aims to facilitate coordination of decision-making processes, and it is no longer a source of competitive advantage, but instead a competitive necessity. Tightly linking information technology with strategy formulation is one of growing importance in organizations. This chapter aims to explore the role and benefits of technology in decision-making processes by presenting a successful implementation of electronic collaboration in a leading global supplier of electronics and electrical materials and provide useful information to managers and practitioners.

scholarly journals Faith in thy threshold

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee J Curley ◽  
Jennifer Murray ◽  
Rory MacLean ◽  
Phyllis Laybourn ◽  
David Brown
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Information Integration ◽  
Confirmation Bias ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Final Verdict

The current study focussed on the decision-making processes of jurors. The study investigated how jurors make a decision, if they integrate information within their decision-making process and if cue utilisation thresholds promote confirmation bias. To do this, 108 participants listened to one of nine cases. These participants were asked to give a likelihood of guilt rating after each piece of evidence, to state what the last piece of information was that they needed to make a decision and to give a final verdict at the end of a trial. The results highlighted that threshold decision making was being utilised, that information integration may allow thresholds to be reached and that thresholds may promote confirmation bias to reduce cognitive dissonance. In conclusion, this suggests that jurors integrate information until they reach a leading verdict, then the evaluation of information is distorted to support the leading threshold. Implications relate to legal instructions for jurors.

Cognitive Processing of Miscommunication in Interactive Listening: An Evaluation of Listener Indecision and Cognitive Effort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Roche ◽  
Arkady Zgonnikov ◽  
Laura M. Morett
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Mouse Tracking ◽  
Computer Mouse ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Computer Mouse Tracking ◽  
Listening Task ◽  
Processing Effort

Purpose The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the social and cognitive underpinnings of miscommunication during an interactive listening task. Method An eye and computer mouse–tracking visual-world paradigm was used to investigate how a listener's cognitive effort (local and global) and decision-making processes were affected by a speaker's use of ambiguity that led to a miscommunication. Results Experiments 1 and 2 found that an environmental cue that made a miscommunication more or less salient impacted listener language processing effort (eye-tracking). Experiment 2 also indicated that listeners may develop different processing heuristics dependent upon the speaker's use of ambiguity that led to a miscommunication, exerting a significant impact on cognition and decision making. We also found that perspective-taking effort and decision-making complexity metrics (computer mouse tracking) predict language processing effort, indicating that instances of miscommunication produced cognitive consequences of indecision, thinking, and cognitive pull. Conclusion Together, these results indicate that listeners behave both reciprocally and adaptively when miscommunications occur, but the way they respond is largely dependent upon the type of ambiguity and how often it is produced by the speaker.

“It's Not Humanly Possible to Do Everything”: Perspectives on Intervention Decision-Making Processes of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erinn Finke ◽  
Kathryn Drager ◽  
Elizabeth C. Serpentine
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individualized Education Program ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Interview Methodology ◽  
Communication Interventions

Purpose The purpose of this investigation was to understand the decision-making processes used by parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) related to communication-based interventions. Method Qualitative interview methodology was used. Data were gathered through interviews. Each parent had a child with ASD who was at least four-years-old; lived with their child with ASD; had a child with ASD without functional speech for communication; and used at least two different communication interventions. Results Parents considered several sources of information for learning about interventions and provided various reasons to initiate and discontinue a communication intervention. Parents also discussed challenges introduced once opinions of the school individualized education program (IEP) team had to be considered. Conclusions Parents of children with ASD primarily use individual decision-making processes to select interventions. This discrepancy speaks to the need for parents and professionals to share a common “language” about interventions and the decision-making process.

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