scholarly journals Analysis of natural gas consumption and energy saving measures for powder coating and food processing companies in the Greater Toronto area (GTA)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Maniruzzaman Akan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Production Scheduling ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Powder Coating ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas Consumption ◽  
Heating Degree Days

Small and medium industries (SMEs) savings analysis and meaningful performance indicators can help Enbridge Gas Distribution Inc., and individual SMEs make effective decisions to improve facility performance. For this study, information on 11 SMEs’ energy consumption has been provided. This entails: preliminary benchmarking, separation of process and seasonal energy consumption, heating degree days, individual facilities owned reference temperature, normalized annual energy consumption, normalized process and seasonal energy consumption, oven energy consumption, energy balance of oven, energy intensity of oven, and non-productive energy consumption. The most appropriate performance indicator is energy intensity of oven-in bake ovens, cure ovens, and dry-off ovens. The results observed energy intensity in terms of natural gas consumption of bake ovens are from 24m3/ft3 to 30m3/ft3, where the intensity of ovens with finishing process companies are from 8m3/ft3 to 36m3/ft3. Potential natural gas savings from the facilities processing powder coating and baking are 19% to 53% of total oven energy consumption by reducing exhaust energy loss. In the same study observed in analyzing production scheduling, that 8% to 69% of energy consumption can be saved by proper shut-down operation and scheduling.

scholarly journals Analysis of natural gas consumption and energy saving measures for powder coating and food processing companies in the Greater Toronto area (GTA)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Maniruzzaman Akan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Production Scheduling ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Powder Coating ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas Consumption ◽  
Heating Degree Days

Small and medium industries (SMEs) savings analysis and meaningful performance indicators can help Enbridge Gas Distribution Inc., and individual SMEs make effective decisions to improve facility performance. For this study, information on 11 SMEs’ energy consumption has been provided. This entails: preliminary benchmarking, separation of process and seasonal energy consumption, heating degree days, individual facilities owned reference temperature, normalized annual energy consumption, normalized process and seasonal energy consumption, oven energy consumption, energy balance of oven, energy intensity of oven, and non-productive energy consumption. The most appropriate performance indicator is energy intensity of oven-in bake ovens, cure ovens, and dry-off ovens. The results observed energy intensity in terms of natural gas consumption of bake ovens are from 24m3/ft3 to 30m3/ft3, where the intensity of ovens with finishing process companies are from 8m3/ft3 to 36m3/ft3. Potential natural gas savings from the facilities processing powder coating and baking are 19% to 53% of total oven energy consumption by reducing exhaust energy loss. In the same study observed in analyzing production scheduling, that 8% to 69% of energy consumption can be saved by proper shut-down operation and scheduling.

Natural Gas Energy Consumption Strategy by Iron and Steel Industry Enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
V. Koksharov ◽  
I. Kirshina
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Steel Industry ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Iron And Steel Industry ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas Consumption

The existing modern conceptual approaches to the formation of an assessment of the natural gas consumption strategy in the steel industry do not allow assessing comprehensively all the processes that occur in the enterprise affecting the efficiency of natural gas consumption. Due to the fact that natural gas acts an important role as a universal energy resource, both in the economy and in international politics, the modern strategy for assessing the consumption of natural gas in the steel industry is becoming a key factor in increasing competitiveness and guaranteeing sustainable economic growth of the country's steel industry. The article proposes a conceptual approach to the development of the model in order to assess the strategy of natural gas consumption at iron and steel enterprises, which allows timely management decisions to be taken to increase the organization of efficient energy consumption at the enterprise. Based on the proposed conceptual approach to assessing the strategy of natural gas consumption at the iron and steel industry, it can be stated that this assessment is interconnected with the assessment of the integral criterion for the implementation of the goals of organizing effective energy management.

scholarly journals Urban Household Energy Consumption Forecasting Based on Energy Price Impact Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Lianwei ◽  
Xiaoni Wen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Price ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Urban Household ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Household Energy Consumption ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas Consumption

The energy price influence system is one of the key mechanisms in the study of energy consumption. China’s household energy consumption has obvious regional differences, and rising income levels and urbanisation have changed the willingness and ability of households to make energy consumption choices. Based on the linear price effect of household energy consumption, this paper explores the scenario characteristics of energy prices affecting energy consumption, taking electricity and natural gas consumption as examples. Based on household energy consumption statistics from 2005 to 2018 in 36 major cities across China, the accuracy and change trends of household energy consumption forecasts are investigated through the decision tree-support vector machine (DT-SVR) non-linear forecasting technique. The study shows that the non-linear forecasting technique accurately portrays the predicted trends of changes in total urban household electricity and natural gas consumption. Within the less developed regions of economic development, income levels are still the main constraint on changes in urban household energy consumption, and the stimulating effect of income levels on household energy consumption has not been seen in the process of economic development in these less developed regions. Urbanisation as an important factor in examining household energy consumption, different development patterns and development processes will gradually be reflected in scenario aspects such as the choice of urban household energy consumption and changes in total consumption.

scholarly journals Long-Term Natural Gas Consumption Forecasting Based on Analog Method and Fuzzy Decision Tree

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4905
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Gaweł ◽  
Andrzej Paliński
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Decision Trees ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Fuzzy Decision ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas Consumption ◽  
Fuzzy Decision Trees

Classic forecasting methods of natural gas consumption extrapolate trends from the past to subsequent periods of time. The paper presents a different approach that uses analogues to create long-term forecasts of the annual natural gas consumption. The energy intensity (energy consumption per dollar of Gross Domestic Product—GDP) and gas share in energy mix in some countries, usually more developed, are the starting point for forecasts of other countries in the later period. The novelty of the approach arises in the use of cluster analysis to create similar groups of countries and periods based on two indicators: energy intensity of GDP and share of natural gas consumption in the energy mix, and then the use of fuzzy decision trees for classifying countries in different years into clusters based on several other economic indicators. The final long-term forecasts are obtained with the use of fuzzy decision trees by combining the forecasts for different fuzzy sets made by the method of relative chain increments. The forecast accuracy of our method is higher than that of other benchmark methods. The proposed method may be an excellent tool for forecasting long-term territorial natural gas consumption for any administrative unit.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF CEMENTATION TECHNOLOGY OF TRACK LINK SLEEVES IN THE ATMOSPHERE METHANE-AIR MIXTURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
V. A. Teldekov ◽  
L. M. Gurevich
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Industrial Testing ◽  
Heating Furnaces ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Shaft Furnaces ◽  
Natural Gas Consumption

New three- and four-cycle experimental cementation regimes for a layer thickness of up to 4.0 mm in an atmosphere of natural gas with air additives have been developed. Rational schemes for adding air to the atmosphere of methane for carburizing in shaft furnaces at different thicknesses of the hardened layer have been determined. Industrial testing of new modes has shown the possibility of reducing the total duration of the cementation process by 25%; significant reduction in energy consumption for heating furnaces and reduction of natural gas consumption for one carburizing mode by 35%.

Empirical research on the relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth in the Northeast Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhi-Guo ◽  
Han Cheng ◽  
Wei Dong-Ming
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
Natural Gas Consumption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The Northeast Asia, as one of the most rapidly development regions, has a large amount of energy consumption. Therefore, it is very significant to study the relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth in the Northeast Asia. This paper builds Panel Data Model to study the relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth in China, Japan, and Korea from 1991 to 2015, on the basis of analyzing the impact mechanism that natural gas has on economic growth. This paper finds that the Japan’s elasticity coefficient of natural gas consumption is the highest, whereas Korea’s is the lowest, and China’s is in the middle of these two countries, because of countries’ different development level and energy consumption mode. Moreover, the results of Granger causality relationship test show that there is only one-way Granger causality relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth of China, but no causal relationship is found for Japan and Korea.

scholarly journals Analysis of natural gas consumption and energy saving measures for small and medium-sized industries in the greater Toronto area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Altamash Ahmad Baig
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Powder Coating ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Packaged Goods ◽  
Variable Frequency Drives ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Finishing Processes

A total of 15 energy (natural gas) audits were conducted for industrial sites from food processing, packaged goods and finishing processes (powder coating) sector. Natural gas consumptions, performances of major gas consuming equipment and savings from proposed energy measures were analyzed for the audited sites. Proposed energy saving measures included reduction in non-productive consumption, tune-up of gas-fired equipment, optimization of boiler loads, heat recovery through feedwater economizer and reduction in oven exhaust using variable frequency drives (VFDs). Gas savings achieved by employing VFDs showed great potential ranging from 13% to 49% of oven consumptions while savings for feedwater economizer ranged from 3.4% to 18.4% of boiler consumptions. Other measures mentioned above, though relatively simpler to implement, also showed potential of considerable savings. Associated fuel cost savings and the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions were also estimated. Furthermore, a MATLAB program was created to calculate boiler efficiencies.

scholarly journals Analysis of natural gas consumption and energy saving measures for small and medium-sized industries in the greater Toronto area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Altamash Ahmad Baig
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Powder Coating ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Packaged Goods ◽  
Variable Frequency Drives ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Finishing Processes

A total of 15 energy (natural gas) audits were conducted for industrial sites from food processing, packaged goods and finishing processes (powder coating) sector. Natural gas consumptions, performances of major gas consuming equipment and savings from proposed energy measures were analyzed for the audited sites. Proposed energy saving measures included reduction in non-productive consumption, tune-up of gas-fired equipment, optimization of boiler loads, heat recovery through feedwater economizer and reduction in oven exhaust using variable frequency drives (VFDs). Gas savings achieved by employing VFDs showed great potential ranging from 13% to 49% of oven consumptions while savings for feedwater economizer ranged from 3.4% to 18.4% of boiler consumptions. Other measures mentioned above, though relatively simpler to implement, also showed potential of considerable savings. Associated fuel cost savings and the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions were also estimated. Furthermore, a MATLAB program was created to calculate boiler efficiencies.

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