scholarly journals Ectopic thyroid gland- presentation at childhood, adolescent and adult life

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
Md Sunny Anam Chowdhury ◽  
Mohshi Um Mokaddema ◽  
Tanzina Naushin ◽  
Simoon Salekin ◽  
Nabeel Fahmi Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Neck Swelling ◽  
Anterior Neck ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Body Sensation ◽  
Dual Ectopic Thyroid

Ectopic thyroid is a rare entity that can appear at any age with different presentations. In this study we are reporting four cases of ectopic thyroid gland at different ages; two cases at childhood, one at adolescent and one at adult life. Among the two children, one having ectopic thyroid at the level of hyoid bone, presented with anterior neck swelling with no other symptom and another one having a lingual ectopic thyroid presented with features of hypothyroidism and obstructive features. The cases of adolescent and adult age are very rare cases of dual ectopic thyroid and ectopic thyroid tissue coexisting with normal thyroid gland respectively. Both of them presented with anterior neck swelling, with additional complaints of dysphagia and foreign body sensation by the adolescent patient. All the cases, ectopic thyroids were detected by Ultrasonogram and confirmed by radionuclide (99mTc) thyroid scan. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnm.v17i1.22503 Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 17(1): 116-124, January 2014

scholarly journals Thyroid ectopia: a case series

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1570
Author(s):  
Aneesh Sugunan ◽  
Zahir S. Hussain ◽  
Kumaran Muthappan Palaniappan ◽  
Shikhil Puzhakkal ◽  
Althaf Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Anterior Neck ◽  
First Case ◽  
Thyroid Ectopia ◽  
Dual Ectopic Thyroid

Ectopic thyroid is a form of thyroid dysgenesis and is defined as the presence of thyroid tissue in an abnormal location. Its prevalence is about 1 per 1,00, 000-3,00,000 people, rising to 1 per 4,000-8,000 patients with thyroid diseases. The most common sites of ectopic thyroid are lingual (90%) and anterior neck (10%). They are usually diagnosed with hypothyroidism with a mass with, or without pressure symptoms in the 2nd or 3rd decade of life when there is increased demand of thyroid hormone. Presence of two ectopic foci of thyroid tissue simultaneously is rare, and very few such cases of dual thyroid ectopia have been reported. We present a case series of 3 ectopic thyroid with 3 different clinical presentation. The first case is a 19-year-old boy who presented with clinical and biochemical overt hypothyroidism and was discovered to have only a sublingual ectopic thyroid gland. The second case is a 16-year-old girl who presented with dysphagia and on evaluation was found to have a dual ectopic thyroid gland in the lingual and sub lingual region. The third case is a 28-year-old women who presented with a sub hyoid swelling which on evaluation was diagnosed as a dual ectopic thyroid in the lingual and sub lingual region.

scholarly journals Ectopic thyroid tissue: anatomical, clinical, and surgical implications of a rare entity

2011 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Noussios ◽  
Panagiotis Anagnostis ◽  
Dimitrios G Goulis ◽  
Dimitrios Lappas ◽  
Konstantinos Natsis
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Radioiodine Ablation

Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare entity resulting from developmental defects at early stages of thyroid gland embryogenesis, during its passage from the floor of the primitive foregut to its final pre-tracheal position. It is frequently found around the course of the thyroglossal duct or laterally in the neck, as well as in distant places such as the mediastinum and the subdiaphragmatic organs. Although most cases are asymptomatic, symptoms related to tumor size and its relationship with surrounding tissues may also appear. Any disease affecting the thyroid gland may also involve the ectopic thyroid, including malignancy. The clinician must distinguish between ectopic thyroid and metastatic deposits emerging from an orthotopic gland, as well as other benign or malignant masses. Thyroid scintigraphy plays the most important role in diagnosing ectopy, but ultrasonography contributes as well. In cases of symptomatic disease, surgery is the treatment of choice, followed by radioiodine ablation and levothyroxine suppression therapy in more refractory cases. This review provides current understanding about the wide clinical spectrum of this rare condition, also referring to optimal diagnostic approach, differential diagnosis, and management strategies.

Isolated thyroid carcinoma in an ectopic thyroid tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e239738
Author(s):  
Gokulnath Nambiar ◽  
Harish Eshwarappa ◽  
Hema Kini ◽  
Dileep Chidanand
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Nodal Metastasis ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Sistrunk’S Procedure

Ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT) is a rare developmental abnormality due to aberrant embryogenesis of the thyroid gland. Although rare (<1%), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignant transformation seen. A 34-year-old man presented with neck nodal swelling, on preoperative evaluation, was found to have PT) in ETT with the normal thyroid gland and nodal metastasis. The patient underwent surgery for PTC along with Sistrunk’s procedure and the histopathology revealed ectopic thyroid carcinoma with a normal thyroid and lymph nodal metastasis. Although a rare entity, the possibility of an ectopic thyroid carcinoma should be considered in differentiated cancers with neck nodes in the setting of a normal thyroid gland. Clinical suspicion and radiological imaging would help improve the preoperative diagnosis which in turn alters the management and thereby providing a better outcome to the patient.

scholarly journals A case of dual ectopic thyroid

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2862
Author(s):  
S. Zahir Hussain ◽  
Muhamed Faizal Ayub
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Single Patient ◽  
Technetium 99M ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Uncommon Presentation ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Dual Ectopic Thyroid

The presence of two ectopic foci of thyroid tissue in a single patient is an uncommon presentation. Ectopic thyroid reportedly has a low incidence. We are reporting here a case of dual ectopic thyroid present in the lingual and sub hyoid region in a 33 years old lady with short stature and hypothyroidism. Ultrasonography of the neck had revealed no thyroid gland in its normal anatomical position. The presence of ectopic thyroid tissue in the lingual and sub hyoid region were confirmed with a technetium-99m sodium per technetate thyroid scan. 

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Ectopic Thyroid Gland by 99mTc Scan : A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Nafisa Jahan ◽  
Ferdous Sharmin ◽  
Nusrat Jahan ◽  
Nadiruzzaman ◽  
SM Mesbah Uddin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Neck Swelling ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
High Resolution Ultrasonography

<p>Ectopic thyroid is an uncommon entity. Its occurrence in children is rare. Most of the patients present with mid neck swelling that may be confused with other midline pathology. Sometimes it may be the only functioning thyroid tissue present in the body as reported in this case. Proper diagnosis is required for the management of the patient. Radionuclide scan and high resolution ultrasonography plays an important role in diagnosis and further management of the patient with ectopic thyroid gland.</p><p>Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 20(2): 151-154, July 2017</p>

Dual ectopic thyroid: report of a case

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (7) ◽  
pp. 574-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuncay Ulug ◽  
S. Arif Ulubil ◽  
Faruk Alagol
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Neck Swelling ◽  
Anterior Midline ◽  
Dual Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Base Of The Tongue

Dual ectopic thyroid is very rare. We report a case of dual ectopic thyroid in the lingual and infrahyoid areas in a 20-year-old female patient with no thyroid gland in its normal anatomical location. On physical examination, there was a 7 × 5 cm anterior midline neck swelling just below the hyoid bone and a 2 × 2 cm mass in the base of the tongue. Triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were normal. A thyroid scan with technetium-99m sodium pertechnate confirmed dual ectopic thyroid with no iodine uptake in the normal anatomical location of the thyroid gland. The infrahyoid ectopic thyroid was surgically removed for cosmetic reasons, and the lingual thyroid, which was symptomatic, was left untouched. The importance of thyroid scanning in the evaluation of anterior midline neck swellings and treatment options are discussed.

scholarly journals MON-466 Dual Ectopic Thyroid with Normally Located Thyroid Gland in a Patient Presenting with Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M Rueda ◽  
Mark H Joven ◽  
Nixon See ◽  
Hossein Gharib
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Cartilage ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Deep Tendon Reflex ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Cystic Degeneration ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Dual Ectopic Thyroid

Abstract Background: Ectopic thyroid involves the presence of thyroid tissue in sites other than its normal anatomic location. Dual ectopic thyroid with normally located thyroid gland is extremely rare with only a few cases reported in the literature. Clinical Case: A 24-year-old female presented to the clinic with subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH of 10.54 uIU/ml [ref, 0.27–4.2] and free T4 of 12.96 pmol/L [ref, 12–22]). She noted a gradually enlarging submental mass during the preceding year, which had been present since her adolescent years. Examination was notable for a 2-cm firm, non-tender mass at the submental region that slightly moved with deglutition. The thyroid was not palpable in its normal location. The relaxation phase of the deep tendon reflex was prolonged. Repeat laboratory testing showed persistently elevated TSH of 13.3 uIU/ml and normal free T4 of 13.39 pmol/L. TPO antibody was normal. Thyroid ultrasonography showed a hypoplastic thyroid measuring 2.7 x 0.7 x 0.4 cm on the right and 3.0 x 0.7 x 0.4 cm on the left. A well-circumscribed complex nodule measuring 2.7 x 3.2 x 2.1 cm was noted on the submental region corresponding to the patient’s submental mass. Computed tomography of the neck with contrast showed two hyperdense foci - measuring 3.0 x 2.4 cm at the submental region and 1.4 x 1.2 cm at the base of the tongue. No enhancing thyroid tissue was seen anterior to the thyroid cartilage. 99mTechnetium-pertechnetate scan showed absent focal tracer uptake in the anterior neck and thorax. There were foci of increased tracer activity in the submental and lingual regions. Ultrasound-guided biopsy of the submental area showed cytomorphologic features of a colloid nodule with cystic degeneration (Bethesda Category II). The patient was started on levothyroxine and remained biochemically euthyroid afterwards. The submental neck mass reduced in size. Conclusion: Dual ectopic thyroid with normally located (eutopic) thyroid gland could present with subclinical hypothyroidism. There is no single diagnostic modality that would best identify dual ectopic thyroid; thus, thyroid scan, ultrasonography, CT scan and biopsy are recommended to be used complementarily. For patients with dual ectopic thyroid and hypothyroidism, levothyroxine replacement is recommended to reduce the size of ectopic thyroid and render the patient euthyroid.

scholarly journals Developing anterior mediastinum mass after orthotopic thyroidectomy: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Meira Soares Camelo ◽  
José Maria Barros
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Scan ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Adjacent Structures

Abstract Background Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare embryological aberration described by the occurrence of thyroid tissue at a site other than in its normal pretracheal location. Depending on the time of the disruption during embryogenesis, ectopic thyroid may occur at several positions from the base of the tongue to the thyroglossal duct. Ectopic mediastinal thyroid tissue is normally asymptomatic, but particularly after orthotopic thyroidectomy, it might turn out to be symptomatic. Symptoms are normally due to compression of adjacent structures. Case presentation We present a case of a 66-year-old male submitted to a total thyroidectomy 3 years ago, due to multinodular goiter (pathological results revealed nodular hyperplasia and no evidence of malignancy), under thyroid replacement therapy. Over the last year, he developed hoarseness, choking sensation in the chest, and shortness of breath. Thyroid markers were unremarkable. He was submitted to neck and thoracic computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and radionuclide thyroid scan. Imaging results identified an anterior mediastinum solid lesion. A radionuclide thyroid scan confirmed the diagnosis of ectopic thyroid tissue. The patient refused surgery. Conclusions Ectopic thyroid tissue can occur either as the only detectable thyroid gland tissue or in addition to a normotopic thyroid gland. After a total thyroidectomy, thyroid-stimulating hormone can promote a compensatory volume growth of previously asymptomatic ectopic tissue. This can be particularly diagnosis challenging since ectopic tissue can arise as an ambiguous space-occupying lesion.

scholarly journals Submandibular ectopic thyroid gland: an uncommon presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inès Riahi ◽  
Rim Fradi ◽  
Ibtissem Ben Nacef ◽  
Ahlem Blel
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Submandibular Region ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct ◽  
Common Presentation ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Uncommon Presentation

Abstract Background Ectopic thyroid is a developmental anomaly of the thyroid gland of embryological origin. Instead of having a pretracheal situation, thyroid tissue is elsewhere, most commonly in the median cervical line along the course of the thyroglossal duct. Lingual thyroid is the most common presentation. Ectopic thyroid tissue in the submandibular region has been rarely reported. Case presentation We report herein a case of a 65-year-old man admitted to our department with a complaint of a painless swelling in the left submandibular region. Conclusions Thyroid gland ectopia should be considered among the differential diagnoses of submandibular swelling. Ectopic thyroid tissue can present with the same pathology affecting the normal thyroid gland such as malignancy and hyperthyroidism.

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