scholarly journals Approximate inverse limits and (m,n)-dimensions

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-194
Author(s):  
James F. Peters ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Abelian Group ◽  
Free Abelian Group ◽  
Betti Numbers ◽  
Boundary Region ◽  
Inverse Limits ◽  
Jordan Curve Theorem ◽  
Group Representations ◽  
Approximate Inverse ◽  
Fixed Cell

This paper introduces shape boundary regions in descriptive proximity forms of CW (Closure-finite Weak) spaces as a source of amiable fixed subsets as well as almost amiable fixed subsets of descriptive proximally continuous (dpc) maps. A dpc map is an extension of an Efremovič-Smirnov proximally continuous (pc) map introduced during the early-1950s by V.A. Efremovič and Yu.M. Smirnov. Amiable fixed sets and the Betti numbers of their free Abelian group representations are derived from dpc's relative to the description of the boundary region of the sets. Almost amiable fixed sets are derived from dpc's by relaxing the matching description requirement for the descriptive closeness of the sets. This relaxed form of amiable fixed sets works well for applications in which closeness of fixed sets is approximate rather than exact. A number of examples of amiable fixed sets are given in terms of wide ribbons. A bi-product of this work is a variation of the Jordan curve theorem and a fixed cell complex theorem, which is an extension of the Brouwer fixed point theorem.

On the SL(2, C)-representation rings of free abelian groups

2018 ◽  
Vol 167 (02) ◽  
pp. 229-247
Author(s):  
TAKAO SATOH
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Automorphism Groups ◽  
Free Abelian Group ◽  
Abelian Groups ◽  
Free Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subsequent Research ◽  
Representation Rings ◽  
Free Abelian Groups

AbstractIn this paper, we study “the ring of component functions” of SL(2, C)-representations of free abelian groups. This is a subsequent research of our previous work [11] for free groups. We introduce some descending filtration of the ring, and determine the structure of its graded quotients.Then we give two applications. In [30], we constructed the generalized Johnson homomorphisms. We give an upper bound on their images with the graded quotients. The other application is to construct a certain crossed homomorphisms of the automorphism groups of free groups. We show that our crossed homomorphism induces Morita's 1-cocycle defined in [22]. In other words, we give another construction of Morita's 1-cocyle with the SL(2, C)-representations of the free abelian group.

The Abelian Case of Solitar's Conjecture on Infinite Nielsen Transformations

1985 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Macedonska-Nosalska
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Free Abelian Group ◽  
Infinite Rank ◽  
Abelian Case ◽  
Countably Infinite ◽  
Identical Transformation

AbstractThe paper proves that the group of infinite bounded Nielsen transformations is generated by elementary simultaneous Nielsen transformations modulo the subgroup of those transformations which are equivalent to the identical transformation while acting in a free abelian group. This can be formulated somewhat differently: the group of bounded automorphisms of a free abelian group of countably infinite rank is generated by the elementary simultaneous automorphisms. This proves D. Solitar's conjecture for the abelian case.

scholarly journals Planar pure braids on six strands

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 1950097
Author(s):  
Jacob Mostovoy ◽  
Christopher Roque-Márquez
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Free Product ◽  
Free Group ◽  
Configuration Space ◽  
Braid Group ◽  
Free Abelian Group ◽  
Braid Groups ◽  
Pure Braid Group

The group of planar (or flat) pure braids on [Formula: see text] strands, also known as the pure twin group, is the fundamental group of the configuration space [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] labeled points in [Formula: see text] no three of which coincide. The planar pure braid groups on 3, 4 and 5 strands are free. In this note, we describe the planar pure braid group on 6 strands: it is a free product of the free group on 71 generators and 20 copies of the free abelian group of rank two.

Automorphisms of Aut(A),Aa Free Abelian Group

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 3160-3168
Author(s):  
Vladimir Tolstykh
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Free Abelian Group

Cellular covers of ℵ1-free abelian groups

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1550139 ◽  
Author(s):  
José L. Rodríguez ◽  
Lutz Strüngmann
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Exact Sequence ◽  
Free Abelian Group ◽  
Abelian Groups ◽  
Countable Rank ◽  
Free Abelian Groups ◽  
Rank 2 ◽  
Exact Sequences ◽  
Torsion Free ◽  
Cellular Cover

In this paper, we first show that for every natural number n and every countable reduced cotorsion-free group K there is a short exact sequence [Formula: see text] such that the map G → H is a cellular cover over H and the rank of H is exactly n. In particular, the free abelian group of infinite countable rank is the kernel of a cellular exact sequence of co-rank 2 which answers an open problem from Rodríguez–Strüngmann [J. L. Rodríguez and L. Strüngmann, Mediterr. J. Math.6 (2010) 139–150]. Moreover, we give a new method to construct cellular exact sequences with prescribed torsion free kernels and cokernels. In particular we apply this method to the class of ℵ1-free abelian groups in order to complement results from the cited work and Göbel–Rodríguez–Strüngmann [R. Göbel, J. L. Rodríguez and L. Strüngmann, Fund. Math.217 (2012) 211–231].

scholarly journals Neutrosophic Triplets in Neutrosophic Rings

Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasantha Kandasamy W. B. ◽  
Ilanthenral Kandasamy ◽  
Florentin Smarandache
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Free Abelian Group ◽  
Torsion Free Abelian Group ◽  
Ring Of Integers ◽  
Torsion Free

The neutrosophic triplets in neutrosophic rings ⟨ Q ∪ I ⟩ and ⟨ R ∪ I ⟩ are investigated in this paper. However, non-trivial neutrosophic triplets are not found in ⟨ Z ∪ I ⟩ . In the neutrosophic ring of integers Z ∖ { 0 , 1 } , no element has inverse in Z. It is proved that these rings can contain only three types of neutrosophic triplets, these collections are distinct, and these collections form a torsion free abelian group as triplets under component wise product. However, these collections are not even closed under component wise addition.

scholarly journals On Geometric Flats in the CAT(0) Realization of Coxeter Groups and Tits Buildings

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 740-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Emmanuel Caprace ◽  
Frédéric Haglund
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Coxeter Group ◽  
Coxeter Groups ◽  
Free Abelian Group ◽  
Gromov Hyperbolic ◽  
Convex Cocompact ◽  
Rank 2 ◽  
Cocompact Subgroup ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Geometric Action

Abstract.Given a complete CAT(0) space X endowed with a geometric action of a group Ⲅ, it is known that if Ⲅ contains a free abelian group of rank n, then X contains a geometric flat of dimension n. We prove the converse of this statement in the special case where X is a convex subcomplex of the CAT(0) realization of a Coxeter group W, and Ⲅ is a subgroup of W. In particular a convex cocompact subgroup of a Coxeter group is Gromov-hyperbolic if and only if it does not contain a free abelian group of rank 2. Our result also provides an explicit control on geometric flats in the CAT(0) realization of arbitrary Tits buildings.

scholarly journals Rigidity theory for C∗-dynamical systems and the “Pedersen rigidity problem”

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kaliszewski ◽  
Tron Omland ◽  
John Quigg
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Abelian Group ◽  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Dual Group ◽  
Locally Compact Abelian Group ◽  
Alternative Formulation ◽  
Crossed Products ◽  
Locally Compact ◽  
Fixed Point Algebra ◽  
Multiplier Algebras

Let [Formula: see text] be a locally compact abelian group. By modifying a theorem of Pedersen, it follows that actions of [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text]-algebras [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are outer conjugate if and only if there is an isomorphism of the crossed products that is equivariant for the dual actions and preserves the images of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in the multiplier algebras of the crossed products. The rigidity problem discussed in this paper deals with the necessity of the last condition concerning the images of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. There is an alternative formulation of the problem: an action of the dual group [Formula: see text] together with a suitably equivariant unitary homomorphism of [Formula: see text] give rise to a generalized fixed-point algebra via Landstad’s theorem, and a problem related to the above is to produce an action of [Formula: see text] and two such equivariant unitary homomorphisms of [Formula: see text] that give distinct generalized fixed-point algebras. We present several situations where the condition on the images of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is redundant, and where having distinct generalized fixed-point algebras is impossible. For example, if [Formula: see text] is discrete, this will be the case for all actions of [Formula: see text].

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