Polytope Novikov homology

Let M be a closed manifold and $${\mathcal {A}} \subseteq H^1_{\mathrm {dR}}(M)$$ A ⊆ H dR 1 ( M ) a polytope. For each $$a \in {\mathcal {A}}$$ a ∈ A , we define a Novikov chain complex with a multiple finiteness condition encoded by the polytope $${\mathcal {A}}$$ A . The resulting polytope Novikov homology generalizes the ordinary Novikov homology. We prove that any two cohomology classes in a prescribed polytope give rise to chain homotopy equivalent polytope Novikov complexes over a Novikov ring associated with said polytope. As applications, we present a novel approach to the (twisted) Novikov Morse Homology Theorem and prove a new polytope Novikov Principle. The latter generalizes the ordinary Novikov Principle and a recent result of Pajitnov in the abelian case.

Symplectic reduction of Yang-Mills theory with boundaries: from superselection sectors to edge modes, and back

I develop a theory of symplectic reduction that applies to bounded regions in electromagnetism and Yang--Mills theories. In this theory gauge-covariant superselection sectors for the electric flux through the boundary of the region play a central role: within such sectors, there exists a natural, canonically defined, symplectic structure for the reduced Yang--Mills theory. This symplectic structure does not require the inclusion of any new degrees of freedom. In the non-Abelian case, it also supports a family of Hamiltonian vector fields, which I call ``flux rotations,'' generated by smeared, Poisson-non-commutative, electric fluxes. Since the action of flux rotations affects the total energy of the system, I argue that flux rotations fail to be dynamical symmetries of Yang--Mills theory restricted to a region. I also consider the possibility of defining a symplectic structure on the union of all superselection sectors. This in turn requires including additional boundary degrees of freedom aka ``edge modes.'' However, I argue that a commonly used phase space extension by edge modes is inherently ambiguous and gauge-breaking.

Spin(7) Instantons and Hermitian Yang–Mills Connections for the Stenzel Metric

We use the highly symmetric Stenzel Calabi–Yau structure on $$T^{\star }S^{4}$$ T ⋆ S 4 as a testing ground for the relationship between the Spin(7) instanton and Hermitian–Yang–Mills (HYM) equations. We reduce both problems to tractable ODEs and look for invariant solutions. In the abelian case, we establish local equivalence and prove a global nonexistence result. We analyze the nonabelian equations with structure group SO(3) and construct the moduli space of invariant Spin(7) instantons in this setting. This is comprised of two 1-parameter families—one of them explicit—of irreducible Spin(7) instantons. Each carries a unique HYM connection. We thus negatively resolve the question regarding the equivalence of the two gauge theoretic PDEs. The HYM connections play a role in the compactification of this moduli space, exhibiting a removable singularity phenomenon that we aim to further examine in future work.

The asymptotic shape theorem for the frog model on finitely generated abelian groups

We study the frog model on Cayley graphs of groups with polynomial growth rate $D \geq 3$. The frog model is an interacting particle system in discrete time. We consider that the process begins with a particle at each vertex of the graph and only one of these particles is active when the process begins. Each activated particle performs a simple random walk in discrete time activating the inactive particles in the visited vertices. We prove that the activation time of particles grows at least linearly and we show that in the abelian case with any finite generator set the set of activated sites has a limiting shape.

Radiation damping of a Yang–Mills particle revisited

The problem of a colour-charged point particle interacting with a four-dimensional Yang–Mills gauge theory is revisited. The radiation damping is obtained inspired in Dirac’s computation. The difficulties in the non-abelian case were solved by using an ansatz for the Liénard–Wiechert potentials already used in the literature (Ö. Sarıoğlu. Phys. Rev. D, 66, 085005 (2002). doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.085005 ) for finding solutions to the Yang–Mills equations. Three non-trivial examples of radiation damping for a non-abelian particle are discussed in detail.

Gauged sigma-models with nonclosed 3-form and twisted Jacobi structures

We study aspects of two-dimensional nonlinear sigma models with Wess-Zumino term corresponding to a nonclosed 3-form, which may arise upon dimensional reduction in the target space. Our goal in this paper is twofold. In a first part, we investigate the conditions for consistent gauging of sigma models in the presence of a nonclosed 3-form. In the Abelian case, we find that the target of the gauged theory has the structure of a contact Courant algebroid, twisted by a 3-form and two 2-forms. Gauge invariance constrains the theory to (small) Dirac structures of the contact Courant algebroid. In the non-Abelian case, we draw a similar parallel between the gauged sigma model and certain transitive Courant algebroids and their corresponding Dirac structures. In the second part of the paper, we study two-dimensional sigma models related to Jacobi structures. The latter generalise Poisson and contact geometry in the presence of an additional vector field. We demonstrate that one can construct a sigma model whose gauge symmetry is controlled by a Jacobi structure, and moreover we twist the model by a 3-form. This construction is then the analogue of WZW-Poisson structures for Jacobi manifolds.

On the relation between n-cotorsion pairs and (n + 1)-cluster tilting subcategories

A notion of [Formula: see text]-cotorsion pairs in an extriangulated category with enough projectives and enough injectives is defined in this paper. We show that there exists a one-to-one correspondence between [Formula: see text]-cotorsion pairs and [Formula: see text]-cluster tilting subcategories. As an application, this result generalizes the work by Huerta, Mendoza and Pérez in an abelian case. Finally, we give some examples illustrating our main result.

The all-loop perturbative derivation of the NSVZ $$\beta $$-function and the NSVZ scheme in the non-Abelian case by summing singular contributions

The perturbative all-loop derivation of the NSVZ $$\beta $$ β -function for $${{\mathcal {N}}}=1$$ N = 1 supersymmetric gauge theories regularized by higher covariant derivatives is finalized by calculating the sum of singularities produced by quantum superfields. These singularities originate from integrals of double total derivatives and determine all contributions to the $$\beta $$ β -function starting from the two-loop approximation. Their sum is expressed in terms of the anomalous dimensions of the quantum gauge superfield, of the Faddeev–Popov ghosts, and of the matter superfields. This allows obtaining the NSVZ equation in the form of a relation between the $$\beta $$ β -function and these anomalous dimensions for the renormalization group functions defined in terms of the bare couplings. It holds for an arbitrary renormalization prescription supplementing the higher covariant derivative regularization. For the renormalization group functions defined in terms of the renormalized couplings we prove that in all loops one of the NSVZ schemes is given by the HD + MSL prescription.

Closing the category of finitely presented functors under images made constructive

For an additive category P we provide an explicit construction of a category Q(P) whose objects can be thought of as formally representing im(γ)im(ρ)∩im(γ) for given morphisms γ:A→B and ρ:C→B in P, even though P does not need to admit quotients or images. We show how it is possible to calculate effectively within Q(P), provided that a basic problem related to syzygies can be handled algorithmically. We prove an equivalence of Q(P) with the smallest subcategory of the category of contravariant functors from P to the category of abelian groups Ab which contains all finitely presented functors and is closed under the operation of taking images. Moreover, we characterize the abelian case: Q(P) is abelian if and only if it is equivalent to fp(Pop,Ab), the category of all finitely presented functors, which in turn, by a theorem of Freyd, is abelian if and only if P has weak kernels.The category Q(P) is a categorical abstraction of the data structure for finitely presented R-modules employed by the computer algebra system Macaulay2, where R is a ring. By our generalization to arbitrary additive categories, we show how this data structure can also be used for modeling finitely presented graded modules, finitely presented functors, and some not necessarily finitely presented modules over a non-coherent ring.