An Assessment of Community Health Needs Assessment (CHNA) Data Collection Related to Building Capacity for Sexual and Gender Marginalized (SGM) Individuals in Health Care Organizations

Implementation of assessment is utmost significant to enhance the prospects and strengths of Community Health Needs. Addressing community health needs has been a challenge for the Governments of various nations in the world due to various reasons like rising number of recipients, insufficient resources, increase in demands of resources and discrimination in their supply. The role of community health assessment is central in enabling practitioners, managers and policy makers to identify, categorize and prioritize demands, update the policies and then, to ensure that these health care resources are supplied to optimize health care and maximize its outreach to community members. It has a great potential to be a vital tool which can empower the management and planning of health care across the countries at the level of nationwide, state-wide and district wide communities, populations and families. The objective of this review article is to present the systematic and updated approaches to implement community health needs assessment at multiple levels i.e. district, state and national, keeping those aligned with the approaches indicated within global policies. It’s measurable outcomes are to identify and list the priority health needs, target resources to address inequalities, involve local people, educate and train the stakeholders and provide evidence based updated data for amending existing policies. The process of undertaking community health needs assessment and the importance of contribution of health care personnel in this process is also included here.

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Perinatal Outcomes among Women Identified by a Community Health Needs Assessment

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1740014 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Elaine L. Duryea ◽

Robert Martin ◽

Donald McIntire ◽

Catherine Y. Spong ◽

David B. Nelson

Keyword(s):

Health Disparities ◽

Needs Assessment ◽

Community Health ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Social Needs ◽

Health Needs ◽

Target Area ◽

Health Needs Assessment ◽

Community Health Needs Assessment ◽

Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Objective The aim of the study is to compare perinatal outcomes for women with greater social needs, as identified by the Community Health Needs Assessment, to those of women living in other areas of the county. Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study of pregnant women delivering at a large inner-city county hospital. Perinatal outcomes were analyzed for women living within a target area with substantial health disparities and social needs, and compared with those women living outside the target area. Statistical analysis included student's t-test, Chi square, and logistic regression. Results Between January 2015 and July 2020, 66,936 women delivered at Parkland hospital. Of these, 7,585 (11%) resided within the target area. These women were younger (26.8 ± 6.5 vs. 27.9 ± 6.4 years, p < 0.001), more likely to be black (37 vs. 13%, p < 0.001), and had a higher body mass index or BMI (33.3 ± 7.0 vs. 32.6 ± 6.4 kg/m2, p < 0.001). All women were likely to access prenatal care, with 7,320 (96.5%) in the target area and 57,677 (97.2%) outside the area attending at least one visit. Adverse perinatal outcomes were increased for women living within the target area, which persisted after adjustment for age, race, and BMI. This included an increased risk of preeclampsia (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.1, 95% confidence interval or CI [1.03, 1.2]) and abruption (aRR 1.3, 95% CI [1.1, 1.7]), as well as preterm birth before both 34 weeks (aRR 1.3, 95% CI [1.2, 1.5]) and 28 weeks (aRR 1.3, 95% CI [1.02,1.7]). It follows that neonatal ICU admission (aRR 2.1, 95% CI [1.3, 3.4]) and neonatal death (aRR 1.2, 95% CI [1.1, 1.3]) were increased within the target area. Interestingly, rate of postpartum visit attendance was higher in the target area (57 vs. 48%), p < 0.001. Conclusion Even among vulnerable populations, women in areas with worse health disparities and social needs are at greater risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Efforts to achieve health equity will need to address social disparities. Key Points

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