scholarly journals What is the role of neurotransmitter systems in cortical seizures?

2008 ◽  
pp. S111-S120
Author(s):  
P Mareš ◽  
H Kubová
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Gabab Receptor ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Gabab Receptors ◽  
Neurotransmitter Systems ◽  
Metabotropic Glutamate ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Epileptic Afterdischarges

Epileptic afterdischarges (ADs) elicited by electrical stimulation of sensorimotor cortical area were used as a model to study the role of neurotransmitter systems in cortical seizures in three age groups of developing rats. Drugs augmenting inhibition mediated by GABAA receptors were found to suppress ADs in all age groups, their activity was usually more marked in younger than in 25-day-old rat pups. Drugs potentiating GABAB receptors exhibit lower efficacy and more complicated developmental profile than GABAA-ergic drugs. Effects of an antagonist of GABAB receptor--marked prolongation of ADs in all three age groups--suggest an important role of GABAB receptors in arrest of cortical seizures. Drugs affecting glutamate receptors exhibit variable effects, usually better expressed in older animals than in 12-day-old ones. No specific role for ionotropic as well as metabotropic glutamate receptors could be predicted. Activation of adenosinergic inhibitory modulatory system also exhibited anticonvulsant action in the present model. All three neurotransmitter systems probably participate in mechanisms of generation, maintenance and arrest of cortical seizures.

scholarly journals Proconvulsant Action of Two GABAB Receptor Antagonists Is Age-Dependent

2013 ◽  
pp. S109-S114 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. MAREŠ
Keyword(s):  
Gabab Receptor ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gabab Receptors ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Gabab Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Epileptic Afterdischarges

Antagonists of GABAB receptors are expected to have proconvulsant action also in developing brain. Two antagonists (CGP55845 and CGP46381) were tested in a model of cortical epileptic afterdischarges (ADs) in 12-, 18- and 25-day-old rat pups with implanted electrodes. CGP55845 was dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide and the results demonstrated marked proconvulsant action of this solvent which masked possible action of the antagonist. Water soluble antagonist CGP46381 led to marked potentiation of ADs in 12-day-old animals, its action decreased with age, it was negligible in 25-day-old rats. Our results demonstrated important inhibitory role of GABAB receptors at very early stages of maturation.

scholarly journals The G Protein-Coupled Glutamate Receptors as Novel Molecular Targets in Schizophrenia Treatment—A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1475
Author(s):  
Waldemar Kryszkowski ◽  
Tomasz Boczek
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Glutamate Release ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Metabotropic Glutamate ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Schizophrenia is a severe neuropsychiatric disease with an unknown etiology. The research into the neurobiology of this disease led to several models aimed at explaining the link between perturbations in brain function and the manifestation of psychotic symptoms. The glutamatergic hypothesis postulates that disrupted glutamate neurotransmission may mediate cognitive and psychosocial impairments by affecting the connections between the cortex and the thalamus. In this regard, the greatest attention has been given to ionotropic NMDA receptor hypofunction. However, converging data indicates metabotropic glutamate receptors as crucial for cognitive and psychomotor function. The distribution of these receptors in the brain regions related to schizophrenia and their regulatory role in glutamate release make them promising molecular targets for novel antipsychotics. This article reviews the progress in the research on the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in schizophrenia etiopathology.

scholarly journals Ethanol tachyphylaxis in spinal cord motorneurons: role of metabotropic glutamate receptors

2003 ◽  
Vol 138 (8) ◽  
pp. 1417-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Fang Li ◽  
Meng-Ya Wang ◽  
Jessica Knape ◽  
Joan J Kendig
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Metabotropic Glutamate
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