Eisei Kurimoto and Simon Simonse (eds), Conflict, Age and Power in North East Africa: age systems in transition.Oxford: James Currey; Nairobi: East African Educational Publishing; Kampala: Fountain; Athens OH: Ohio University Press, 1998, 270 pp., £40.00, ISBN 0 85255 252 1, hard covers, £14.95, ISBN 0 85255 251 3, paperback.

Africa ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon G. Abbink
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Ohio University ◽  
East African ◽  
Educational Publishing ◽  
North East

Ottoman Frontier Policies in North-East Africa, 1517–1914

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN ALEXANDER
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
East Africa ◽  
African History ◽  
East African ◽  
North East ◽  
Indian Ocean Trade ◽  
Secure Control ◽  
Islamic Empire

This chapter suggests that insufficient attention has been paid in accounts of north-east African history to the role of the Ottoman Turks. With the capture of Egypt from its Mamluk rulers in 1517, the Ottomans established their first foothold in Africa. However, several factors drew them further into the region. First, there was a threat presented by the Portuguese, who sought to establish a monopoly on the valuable Indian Ocean trade and who challenged Ottoman control of the Red Sea and the pilgrimage routes to Mecca and Medina. Second, the Ottomans wished to secure control over Africa's valuable exports, slaves and gold. Third, in accordance with the sultans' quest for legitimacy as rulers of an Islamic empire, their long-term aim was the inclusion of all north-east Africa into Ottoman territory and hence the Dar al-Islam.

Serological Evidence for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 in East Africa

1990 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
N T Constantine ◽  
M Fathi Sheba ◽  
E Fox ◽  
J N Woody ◽  
E A Abbatte
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
North East ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

Infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) has not previously been described in North or East Africa. We examined over 1200 sera of high-risk individuals from three North/East African countries for antibodies to HIV-2. Results indicated that 17 were repeatedly reactive by ELISA; 4 were confirmed by Western blot. Of the 4 confirmed, 2 produced strong reactions to the envelope antigens of HIV-2 but not of HIV-1. One of these subjects was a foreigner from Senegal who was tested while in Egypt and one was a Djiboutian prostitute who was infected presumably prior to October 1987. We conclude that HIV-2 has been introduced into this region and that specific testing of selected individuals for HIV-2 is warranted.

The War of Legs

Transfers ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-120
Author(s):  
Michael Pesek
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
World War ◽  
East African ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Belgian Congo

This article describes the little-known history of military labor and transport during the East African campaign of World War I. Based on sources from German, Belgian, and British archives and publications, it considers the issue of military transport and supply in the thick of war. Traditional histories of World War I tend to be those of battles, but what follows is a history of roads and footpaths. More than a million Africans served as porters for the troops. Many paid with their lives. The organization of military labor was a huge task for the colonial and military bureaucracies for which they were hardly prepared. However, the need to organize military transport eventually initiated a process of modernization of the colonial state in the Belgian Congo and British East Africa. This process was not without backlash or failure. The Germans lost their well-developed military transport infrastructure during the Allied offensive of 1916. The British and Belgians went to war with the question of transport unresolved. They were unable to recruit enough Africans for military labor, a situation made worse by failures in the supplies by porters of food and medical care. One of the main factors that contributed to the success of German forces was the Allies' failure in the “war of legs.”

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