Correlation between 50-kHz band activity in primary auditory cortex and social interaction in rats

Human functional MRI (fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) studies indicate a pitch-specific area in lateral Heschl's gyrus. Single-cell recordings in monkey suggest that sustained-firing, pitch-specific neurons are located lateral to primary auditory cortex. We reevaluated whether pitch strength contrasts reveal sustained pitch-specific responses in human auditory cortex. Sustained BOLD activity in auditory cortex was found for iterated rippled noise (vs. noise or silence) but not for regular click trains (vs. jittered click trains or silence). In contrast, iterated rippled noise and click trains produced similar pitch responses in MEG. Subsequently performed time-frequency analysis of the MEG data suggested that the dissociation of cortical BOLD activity between iterated rippled noise and click trains is related to theta band activity. It appears that both sustained BOLD and theta activity are associated with slow non-pitch-specific stimulus fluctuations. BOLD activity in the inferior colliculus was sustained for both stimulus types and varied neither with pitch strength nor with the presence of slow stimulus fluctuations. These results suggest that BOLD activity in auditory cortex is much more sensitive to slow stimulus fluctuations than to constant pitch, compromising the accessibility of the latter. In contrast, pitch-related activity in MEG can easily be separated from theta band activity related to slow stimulus fluctuations.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Encoding stimulus information by spike numbers and mean response time in primary auditory cortex.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1028687.341220 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Shimon Ullman

Keyword(s):

Response Time ◽

Auditory Cortex ◽

Primary Auditory Cortex ◽

Stimulus Information ◽

Mean Response Time

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Spectral integration in primary auditory cortex: laminar processing of afferent input, in vivo and in vitro.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1029215.343620 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

John Middlebrooks

Keyword(s):

Auditory Cortex ◽

Primary Auditory Cortex ◽

Afferent Input ◽

Spectral Integration

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Intensity Tuning of Neurons in The Primary Auditory Cortex of Albino Mouse

ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1206.2012.00317 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 365

Author(s):

Qiao-Zhen QI ◽

Wen-Juan SI ◽

Feng LUO ◽

Xin WANG

Keyword(s):

Auditory Cortex ◽

Primary Auditory Cortex

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Ripple Analysis in Ferret Primary Auditory Cortex. 3. Prediction of Unit Responses to Arbitrary Spectral Profiles

10.21236/ada455589 ◽

1995 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shihab A. Shamma ◽

Huib Versnel

Keyword(s):

Auditory Cortex ◽

Primary Auditory Cortex ◽

Spectral Profiles

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Influence of Primary Auditory Cortex in the Characterization of Autism Spectrum in Young Adults using Brain Connectivity Parameters and Deep Belief Networks: An fMRI Study

Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573405615666191111142039 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 1059-1073

Author(s):

Vidhusha Srinivasan ◽

N. Udayakumar ◽

Kavitha Anandan

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Auditory Cortex ◽

Language Processing ◽

Brain Connectivity ◽

Primary Auditory Cortex ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Belief Networks ◽

Deep Belief Networks ◽

High Functioning ◽

Low Functioning

Background: The spectrum of autism encompasses High Functioning Autism (HFA) and Low Functioning Autism (LFA). Brain mapping studies have revealed that autism individuals have overlaps in brain behavioural characteristics. Generally, high functioning individuals are known to exhibit higher intelligence and better language processing abilities. However, specific mechanisms associated with their functional capabilities are still under research. Objective: This work addresses the overlapping phenomenon present in autism spectrum through functional connectivity patterns along with brain connectivity parameters and distinguishes the classes using deep belief networks. Methods: The task-based functional Magnetic Resonance Images (fMRI) of both high and low functioning autistic groups were acquired from ABIDE database, for 58 low functioning against 43 high functioning individuals while they were involved in a defined language processing task. The language processing regions of the brain, along with Default Mode Network (DMN) have been considered for the analysis. The functional connectivity maps have been plotted through graph theory procedures. Brain connectivity parameters such as Granger Causality (GC) and Phase Slope Index (PSI) have been calculated for the individual groups. These parameters have been fed to Deep Belief Networks (DBN) to classify the subjects under consideration as either LFA or HFA. Results: Results showed increased functional connectivity in high functioning subjects. It was found that the additional interaction of the Primary Auditory Cortex lying in the temporal lobe, with other regions of interest complimented their enhanced connectivity. Results were validated using DBN measuring the classification accuracy of 85.85% for high functioning and 81.71% for the low functioning group. Conclusion: Since it is known that autism involves enhanced, but imbalanced components of intelligence, the reason behind the supremacy of high functioning group in language processing and region responsible for enhanced connectivity has been recognized. Therefore, this work that suggests the effect of Primary Auditory Cortex in characterizing the dominance of language processing in high functioning young adults seems to be highly significant in discriminating different groups in autism spectrum.

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