scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Mitochondrial Genomes of Nicotiana tabacum: Hints Toward the Key Factors Closely Related to the Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruyi Wang ◽  
Xunhui Cai ◽  
Shengnan Hu ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Yanjun Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Key Factors

scholarly journals Mitochondrial genomes organization in alloplasmic lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) with various types of cytoplasmic male sterility

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim Makarenko ◽  
Igor Kornienko ◽  
Kirill Azarin ◽  
Alexander Usatov ◽  
Maria Logacheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Alloplasmic Lines ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Fertile Line

Background. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a common phenotype in higher plants, which often is associated with rearrangements in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and is widely used to produce hybrid seeds in a variety of valuable crop species. The CMS phenomenon investigations are also promote understanding of a fundamental issue of nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions in the ontogeny of higher plants. In the present study, we analyzed the structural changes in mitochondrial genomes of three alloplasmic lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuus). The investigation was focused on CMS line PET2, as there are very few reports about its mtDNA organization. Methods. The NGS sequencing, de novo assembly, and annotation of sunflower mitochondrial genomes were performed. The comparative analysis of mtDNA of HA89 fertile line and two HA89 CMS lines (PET1, PET2) occurred. Results. The mtDNA of the HA89 fertile line was almost identical to the HA412 line (NC_023337). The comparative analysis of HA89 fertile and CMS (PET1) analog mitochondrial genomes revealed 11852 bp inversion, 4732 bp insertion, 451 bp deletion and 18 variant sites. In mtDNA of HA89 (PET2) CMS line 77 kb translocation, 711 bp and 3780 bp deletions, as well as 1558 bp, 5050 bp, 14330 bp insertions were determined. There are also revealed 83 polymorphic sites sites in the PET2 mitochondrial genome, as compared with the fertile line Discussion. Among the revealed rearrangements the 1558 bp insertion resulted in new open reading frames formation - orf228 and orf246. The orf228 and orf246 could be the main reason for the development of PET2 CMS phenotype, whereas the role of other mtDNA reorganizations in CMS formation is negligible.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial genomes organization in alloplasmic lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) with various types of cytoplasmic male sterility

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim Makarenko ◽  
Igor Kornienko ◽  
Kirill Azarin ◽  
Alexander Usatov ◽  
Maria Logacheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Alloplasmic Lines ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Fertile Line

Background. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a common phenotype in higher plants, which often is associated with rearrangements in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and is widely used to produce hybrid seeds in a variety of valuable crop species. The CMS phenomenon investigations are also promote understanding of a fundamental issue of nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions in the ontogeny of higher plants. In the present study, we analyzed the structural changes in mitochondrial genomes of three alloplasmic lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuus). The investigation was focused on CMS line PET2, as there are very few reports about its mtDNA organization. Methods. The NGS sequencing, de novo assembly, and annotation of sunflower mitochondrial genomes were performed. The comparative analysis of mtDNA of HA89 fertile line and two HA89 CMS lines (PET1, PET2) occurred. Results. The mtDNA of the HA89 fertile line was almost identical to the HA412 line (NC_023337). The comparative analysis of HA89 fertile and CMS (PET1) analog mitochondrial genomes revealed 11852 bp inversion, 4732 bp insertion, and 18 variant sites. In mtDNA of HA89 (PET2) CMS line 5050 bp and 5.9 kb insertions, as well as 0.95 kb and 3.8 kb deletions, were determined. There are also revealed 83 polymorphic sites in the PET2 mitochondrial genome, as compared with the fertile line. Discussion. Among the revealed rearrangements the 5.9 kb insertion results in putative orf1053 – coxI-atp6 chimeric protein, which could be the main reason for CMS phenotype development, whereas the role of other mtDNA reorganizations in CMS formation is negligible.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial genomes organization in alloplasmic lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) with various types of cytoplasmic male sterility

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim Makarenko ◽  
Igor Kornienko ◽  
Kirill Azarin ◽  
Alexander Usatov ◽  
Maria Logacheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Alloplasmic Lines ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Fertile Line

Background. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a common phenotype in higher plants, which often is associated with rearrangements in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and is widely used to produce hybrid seeds in a variety of valuable crop species. The CMS phenomenon investigations are also promote understanding of a fundamental issue of nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions in the ontogeny of higher plants. In the present study, we analyzed the structural changes in mitochondrial genomes of three alloplasmic lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuus). The investigation was focused on CMS line PET2, as there are very few reports about its mtDNA organization. Methods. The NGS sequencing, de novo assembly, and annotation of sunflower mitochondrial genomes were performed. The comparative analysis of mtDNA of HA89 fertile line and two HA89 CMS lines (PET1, PET2) occurred. Results. The mtDNA of the HA89 fertile line was almost identical to the HA412 line (NC_023337). The comparative analysis of HA89 fertile and CMS (PET1) analog mitochondrial genomes revealed 11852 bp inversion, 4732 bp insertion, 451 bp deletion and 18 variant sites. In mtDNA of HA89 (PET2) CMS line 77 kb translocation, 711 bp and 3780 bp deletions, as well as 1558 bp, 5050 bp, 14330 bp insertions were determined. There are also revealed 83 polymorphic sites sites in the PET2 mitochondrial genome, as compared with the fertile line Discussion. Among the revealed rearrangements the 1558 bp insertion resulted in new open reading frames formation - orf228 and orf246. The orf228 and orf246 could be the main reason for the development of PET2 CMS phenotype, whereas the role of other mtDNA reorganizations in CMS formation is negligible.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial genomes organization in alloplasmic lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) with various types of cytoplasmic male sterility

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim S. Makarenko ◽  
Igor V. Kornienko ◽  
Kirill V. Azarin ◽  
Alexander V. Usatov ◽  
Maria D. Logacheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Alloplasmic Lines ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Fertile Line

BackgroundCytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a common phenotype in higher plants, that is often associated with rearrangements in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and is widely used to produce hybrid seeds in a variety of valuable crop species. Investigation of the CMS phenomenon promotes understanding of fundamental issues of nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions in the ontogeny of higher plants. In the present study, we analyzed the structural changes in mitochondrial genomes of three alloplasmic lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.). The investigation was focused on CMS line PET2, as there are very few reports about its mtDNA organization.MethodsThe NGS sequencing,de novoassembly, and annotation of sunflower mitochondrial genomes were performed. The comparative analysis of mtDNA of HA89 fertile line and two HA89 CMS lines (PET1, PET2) occurred.ResultsThe mtDNA of the HA89 fertile line was almost identical to the HA412 line (NC_023337). The comparative analysis of HA89 fertile and CMS (PET1) analog mitochondrial genomes revealed 11,852 bp inversion, 4,732 bp insertion, 451 bp deletion and 18 variant sites. In the mtDNA of HA89 (PET2) CMS line we determined 27.5 kb and 106.5 kb translocations, 711 bp and 3,780 bp deletions, as well as, 5,050 bp and 15,885 bp insertions. There are also 83 polymorphic sites in the PET2 mitochondrial genome, as compared with the fertile line.DiscussionThe observed mitochondrial reorganizations in PET1 resulted in only one new open reading frame formation (orfH522), and PET2 mtDNA rearrangements led to the elimination oforf777, duplication ofatp6gene and appearance of four new ORFs with transcription activity specific for the HA89 (PET2) CMS line—orf645,orf2565,orf228andorf285.Orf228andorf285are theatp9chimeric ORFs, containing transmembrane domains and possibly may impact on mitochondrial membrane potential. Soorf228andorf285may be the cause for the appearance of the PET2 CMS phenotype, while the contribution of other mtDNA reorganizations in CMS formation is negligible.

scholarly journals The comparison of four mitochondrial genomes reveals cytoplasmic male sterility candidate genes in cotton

BMC Genomics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangshuang Li ◽  
Zhiwen Chen ◽  
Nan Zhao ◽  
Yumei Wang ◽  
Hushuai Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome sequences and anther development cytology between maintainer and Ogura-type cytoplasm male-sterile cabbage (B. oleracea Var. capitata)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xionghui Zhong ◽  
Denghui Chen ◽  
Jian Cui ◽  
Hailong Li ◽  
Yuxin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Anther Development ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
Chimeric Genes ◽  
Tapetal Cells

Abstract Background Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) has been widely used for commercial F1 hybrid seeds production. CMS is primarily caused by chimeric genes in mitochondrial genomes. However, which specific stages of anther development in cabbage are affected by the chimeric genes remain unclear. Results In the present study, the complete mitochondrial genomes were sequenced and assembled for the maintainer and Ogura CMS cabbage lines. The genome size of the maintainer and Ogura CMS cabbage are 219,962 bp and 236,648 bp, respectively. There are 67 and 69 unknown function ORFs identified in the maintainer and Ogura CMS cabbage mitochondrial genomes, respectively. Four orfs, orf102a, orf122b, orf138a and orf154a were specifically identified in the Ogura CMS mitochondrial genome, which were likely generated by recombination with Ogura type radish during breeding process. Among them, ORF138a and ORF154a possessed a transmembrane structure, and orf138a was co-transcribed with the atp8 and trnfM genes. orf154a is partially homologous to the ATP synthase subunit 1 (atpA) gene. Both these genes were likely responsible for the CMS phenotype. In addition, cytological sections showed that the abnormal proliferation of tapetal cells might be the immediate cause of cytoplasmic male-sterility in Ogura CMS cabbage lines. RNA-seq results showed that orf138a and orf154a in Ogura CMS might influence transcript levels of genes in energy metabolic pathways. Conclusions The presence of orf138a and orf154a lead to increased of ATPase activity and ATP content by affecting the transcript levels of genes in energy metabolic pathways, which could provide more energy for the abnormal proliferation of tapetal cells. Our data provides new insights into cytoplasmic male-sterility from whole mitochondrial genomes, cytology of anther development and transcriptome data.

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