scholarly journals The Humoral Immune Response to BNT162b2 Vaccine Is Associated With Circulating CD19+ B Lymphocytes and the Naïve CD45RA to Memory CD45RO CD4+ T Helper Cells Ratio in Hemodialysis Patients and Kidney Transplant Recipients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anila Duni ◽  
Georgios S. Markopoulos ◽  
Ioannis Mallioras ◽  
Haralampos Pappas ◽  
Efthymios Pappas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Helper Cells

BackgroundThe humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-COV-2 vaccination remain to be elucidated in hemodialysis (HD) patients and kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), considering their baseline immunosuppressed status. The aim of our study was to assess the associations of vaccine-induced antibody responses with circulating lymphocytes sub-populations and their respective patterns of alterations in maintenance HD patients and KTRs.Materials and MethodsWe included 34 HD patients and 54 KTRs who received two doses of the mRNA-vaccine BNT162b2. Lymphocyte subpopulations were analyzed by flow cytometry before vaccination (T0), before the second vaccine dose (T1) and 2 weeks after the second dose (T2). The anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody response was assessed at T1 and at T2.Results31 HD patients (91.8%) and 16 KTRs (29.6%) became seropositive at T2. HD patients who became seropositive following the first dose displayed higher CD19+ B lymphocytes compared to their seronegative HD counterparts. A positive correlation was established between CD19+ B cells counts and antibody titers at all time-points in both groups (p < 0.001). KTRs showed higher naïve CD4+CD45RA+ T helper cells compared to HD patients at baseline and T2 whereas HD patients displayed higher memory CD45RO+ T cells compared to KTRs at T2. The naïve CD4+CD45RA to memory CD4+CD45RO+ T helper cells fraction was negatively associated with antibody production in both groups.ConclusionsOur study provides a potential conceptual framework for monitoring vaccination efficacy in HD patients and KTRs considering the correlation established between CD19+ B cells, generation of memory CD4+ T helper cells and anti SARS-CoV2 antibody response to vaccination.

scholarly journals Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response 4 Weeks After Homologous vs Heterologous Third Vaccine Dose in Kidney Transplant Recipients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Reindl-Schwaighofer ◽  
Andreas Heinzel ◽  
Manuel Mayrdorfer ◽  
Rhea Jabbour ◽  
Thomas M. Hofbauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients

scholarly journals Intrastructural Help: Harnessing T Helper Cells Induced by Licensed Vaccines for Improvement of HIV Env Antibody Responses to Virus-Like Particle Vaccines

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Elsayed ◽  
Ghulam Nabi ◽  
William J. McKinstry ◽  
Keith K. Khoo ◽  
Johnson Mak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Helper Cell ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Helper Cells ◽  
Virus Like Particle

ABSTRACTInduction of persistent antibody responses by vaccination is generally thought to depend on efficient help by T follicular helper cells. Since the T helper cell response to HIV Env may not be optimal, we explored the possibility of improving the HIV Env antibody response to virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines by recruiting T helper cells induced by commonly used licensed vaccines to provide help for Env-specific B cells. B cells specific for the surface protein of a VLP can internalize the entire VLP and thus present peptides derived from the surface and core proteins on their major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecules. This allows T helper cells specific for the core protein to provide intrastructural help for B cells recognizing the surface protein. Consistently, priming mice with an adjuvanted Gag protein vaccine enhanced the HIV Env antibody response to subsequent booster immunizations with HIV VLPs. To harness T helper cells induced by the licensed Tetanolpur vaccines, HIV VLPs that contained T helper cell epitopes of tetanus toxoid were generated. Tetanol-immunized mice raised stronger antibody responses to immunizations with VLPs containing tetanus toxoid T helper cell epitopes but not to VLPs lacking these epitopes. Depending on the priming immunization, the IgG subtype response to HIV Env after the VLP immunization could also be modified. Thus, harnessing T helper cells induced by other vaccines appears to be a promising approach to improve the HIV Env antibody response to VLP vaccines.IMPORTANCEInduction of HIV Env antibodies at sufficient levels with optimal Fc effector functions for durable protection remains a challenge. Efficient T cell help may be essential to induce such a desirable antibody response. Here, we provide proof of concept that T helper cells induced by a licensed vaccine can be harnessed to provide help for HIV Env-specific B cells and to modulate the Env-specific IgG subtype response.

scholarly journals Antibody response to a fourth mRNA Covid-19 vaccine boost in weak responder kidney transplant recipients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Caillard ◽  
Olivier Thaunat ◽  
Ilies Benotmane ◽  
christophe masset ◽  
Gilles Blancho
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Fourth Dose ◽  
Us Fda

The US FDA has recently authorized immunocompromised people to receive a third dose of mRNA Covid-19 vaccine following the two-doses regimen to further boost protection. Unfortunately, a non-negligible proportion of people treated with immunosuppressive drugs either do not respond or show only a weak response after a third boost and should, therefore, still be considered at risk of severe Covid-19. As of June 2021, we were granted the opportunity to offer a fourth vaccine dose to French solid organ transplant recipients who still showed a weak antibody response after the third dose. In this multicenter study, we demonstrate that that the protection conferred by a fourth dose is adequate for the majority of kidney transplant recipients

scholarly journals Ability of antigen-specific helper cells to effect a class-restricted increase in total Ig-secreting cells in spleens after immunization with the antigen.

1979 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y J Rosenberg ◽  
J M Chiller
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Present Report ◽  
B Cell Activation ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Helper Cells ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Stimulation Of

Immunization with antigens stimulates not only B lymphocytes secreting specific antibody but, in addition, results in the generation of very large numbers of splenic Ig-secreting cells which lack specificity for that antigen. The present report examined the nature of the antigens capable of eliciting this effect and the mechanisms whereby B cells could be nonspecifically activated. It is shown that the ability of T-dependent, but not T-independent antigens, to induce such increases requires the participation of T helper cells specific for the antigen so that any one antigen results in the activation of only a proportion of total B cells. Analysis of this nonspecific plaque-forming-cell response reveals that B cell activation is not random but occurs in a class-restricted manner. The magnitude of the increase and the isotype produced are shown to be characteristic of the immunizing antigen. Based on the data presented, the apparent nonspecific T-B collaboration can best be explained by invoking a second Ig-specific helper mechanism in which helper cells capable of recognizing determinants on Ig molecules, e.g. isotype or idiotype, cause the stimulation of B cells of any specificity providing they express that determinant.

Safety and Antibody Response to BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccines in Kidney Transplant Recipients

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali AlShaqaq ◽  
Maher AlDemerdash ◽  
Abdulnaser AlAbadi ◽  
Baher Elgadaa ◽  
Najib Musaied ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients

scholarly journals Activated human CD25+B cells are able to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CD4+T‐Helper cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Tretter ◽  
Ram Kumar Venigalla ◽  
Volker Eckstein ◽  
Rainer Saffrich ◽  
Lorenz Hanns‐Martin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Induce Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Helper Cells ◽  
Cycle Arrest

scholarly journals An idiotype-specific helper population that bears immunoglobulin, Ia, and Lyt-1 determinants.

1984 ◽  
Vol 159 (4) ◽  
pp. 1189-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
D H Sherr ◽  
M E Dorf
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Surface Phenotype ◽  
Specific Recognition ◽  
Helper Cells ◽  
Helper Activity

A helper cell population with phenotypic characteristics of both B and T cells is described. This helper population, called BH, is present in normal unprimed C57BL/6 mice and preferentially helps the expression of NPb idiotype-bearing plaque-forming B cells in the absence of T helper cells. Its surface phenotype is Lyt-1.2+, Ig+, Lyb-3+, Thy-1.2-, Lyt-2.2-. The helper activity of the BH population is IgH restricted and BH cells selectively bind NPb idiotypic determinants. Collectively the data demonstrate that this unique subpopulation can regulate the response of antibody-secreting B cells through specific recognition of idiotypic determinants.

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