scholarly journals Coral Reef Ecosystems under Climate Change and Ocean Acidification

Author(s):  
Ove Hoegh-Guldberg ◽  
Elvira S. Poloczanska ◽  
William Skirving ◽  
Sophie Dove
2011 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Joanie A. Kleypas

Future environmental conditions for coral reefs are rapidly approaching states outside the ranges reefs have experienced for thousands to millions of years. Coral reef ecosystems, once thought to be robust to climate change because of their ability to bounce back after large scale physical impacts, have proven to be sensitive to both temperature rise and ocean acidification. Predicting what coral reefs will look like in the future is not an easy task, and one that is likely to be proven flawed. The discussion presented here is a starting point for those predictions, mostly from the perspective of reef building and ocean acidification.


2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2467-2480 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Cyronak ◽  
I. R. Santos ◽  
D. V. Erler ◽  
B. D. Eyre

Abstract. To better predict how ocean acidification will affect coral reefs, it is important to understand how biogeochemical cycles on reefs alter carbonate chemistry over various temporal and spatial scales. This study quantifies the contribution of shallow porewater exchange (as quantified from advective chamber incubations) and fresh groundwater discharge (as traced by 222Rn) to total alkalinity (TA) dynamics on a fringing coral reef lagoon along the southern Pacific island of Rarotonga over a tidal and diel cycle. Benthic alkalinity fluxes were affected by the advective circulation of water through permeable sediments, with net daily flux rates of carbonate alkalinity ranging from −1.55 to 7.76 mmol m−2 d−1, depending on the advection rate. Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) was a source of TA to the lagoon, with the highest flux rates measured at low tide, and an average daily TA flux of 1080 mmol m−2 d−1 at the sampling site. Both sources of TA were important on a reef-wide basis, although SGD acted solely as a delivery mechanism of TA to the lagoon, while porewater advection was either a sink or source of TA dependent on the time of day. This study describes overlooked sources of TA to coral reef ecosystems that can potentially alter water column carbonate chemistry. We suggest that porewater and groundwater fluxes of TA should be taken into account in ocean acidification models in order to properly address changing carbonate chemistry within coral reef ecosystems.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Bushnell ◽  
Soo Park

Climate change is greatly harming coral reefs (Gibbs and West, 2019). It is important to research how to help these coral reefs build resilience against climate change but research programs are severely underfunded (Johnston et al. 2020). This paper explored how lack of funding prevents scientists from saving coral reefs and how scientists themselves can be affected. The goal of this paper was to bring to light the struggles faced in the midst of underfunding to feasibly gain support from politicians and government officials to promote funding for these programs. Through three virtual interviews with two scientists and one college professor, I gathered personal experiences from these participants on how coral reefs are being affected today, why research is necessary, and how lack of funding prevents the restoration of these reefs. With the use of a thematic analysis, I was able to recognize common themes between the interviews in order to conclude how lack of program funding prevents scientists from managing and restoring these coral reef ecosystems. The initial assumption for this paper was that coral reef research is underfunded because coral reefs are considered less important, however, the analysis of the data for this paper concluded that all research programs are underfunded. In essence, marine biology, in general, is underfunded as opposed to mainly research on coral reefs. As a result, scientists can be very limited in their abilities to conduct research.


2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1069-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Keller ◽  
Daniel F. Gleason ◽  
Elizabeth McLeod ◽  
Christa M. Woodley ◽  
Satie Airamé ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 100584
Author(s):  
Marine Lebrec ◽  
Stephanie Stefanski ◽  
Ruth Gates ◽  
Sevil Acar ◽  
Yimmang Golbuu ◽  
...  

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