scholarly journals The Piezo-Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Thermococcus piezophilus Regulates Its Energy Efficiency System to Cope With Large Hydrostatic Pressure Variations

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Moalic ◽  
Jordan Hartunians ◽  
Cécile Dalmasso ◽  
Damien Courtine ◽  
Myriam Georges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Transcriptional Regulator ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Physiological Plasticity ◽  
Transcriptional Modulation

Deep-sea ecosystems share a common physical parameter, namely high hydrostatic pressure (HHP). Some of the microorganisms isolated at great depths have a high physiological plasticity to face pressure variations. The adaptive strategies by which deep-sea microorganisms cope with HHP variations remain to be elucidated, especially considering the extent of their biotopes on Earth. Herein, we investigated the gene expression patterns of Thermococcus piezophilus, a piezohyperthermophilic archaeon isolated from the deepest hydrothermal vent known to date, under sub-optimal, optimal and supra-optimal pressures (0.1, 50, and 90 MPa, respectively). At stressful pressures [sub-optimal (0.1 MPa) and supra-optimal (90 MPa) conditions], no classical stress response was observed. Instead, we observed an unexpected transcriptional modulation of more than a hundred gene clusters, under the putative control of the master transcriptional regulator SurR, some of which are described as being involved in energy metabolism. This suggests a fine-tuning effect of HHP on the SurR regulon. Pressure could act on gene regulation, in addition to modulating their expression.

Marinitoga piezophila sp. nov., a rod-shaped, thermo-piezophilic bacterium isolated under high hydrostatic pressure from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent.

2002 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1331-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Alain ◽  
Viggó Thór Marteinsson ◽  
Margarita L Miroshnichenko ◽  
Elisaveta A Bonch-Osmolovskaya ◽  
Daniel Prieur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
High Hydrostatic Pressure

scholarly journals Out of the deep sea into a land-based aquarium environment: investigating physiological adaptations in the hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Bettencourt ◽  
Valentina Costa ◽  
Mário Laranjo ◽  
Domitília Rosa ◽  
Luís Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Hyperbaric Pressure ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Physiological Adaptations

Abstract Bettencourt, R., Costa, V., Laranjo, M., Rosa, D., Pires, L., Colaço, A., Lopes, H., and Serrão Santos, R. 2011. Out of the deep sea into a land-based aquarium environment: investigating physiological adaptations in the hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 357–364. Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are considered to be some of the most extreme environments in the world, yet the animals dwelling around the vent sites exhibit high productivity and must therefore deal with unusual levels of heavy metals, pH, temperature, CO2, and sulphides, in addition to environmental microbes. In an attempt to understand the physiological reactions of animals able to endure these extreme conditions, adaptation processes in the mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus maintained for long periods under laboratory conditions were investigated. Even in the absence of the characteristic high hydrostatic pressure found at deep-sea vent sites and without methane and/or sulphide supplementation, vent mussels seem to survive well in aquarium conditions. Therefore, the maintenance of live vent mussels in our laboratory is a key factor in gaining insights into their physiology, as well as into the study of evolutionary conserved molecules commonly found in other marine bivalves. With the aim of finding distinct genetic signatures in the expression of genes such as the metal-binding protein metallothionein (MT), the present work centred on cellular and humoral mechanisms in animals acclimatized to “sea-level” conditions. In addition, we also conducted experiments under hydrostatic pressure, using the hyperbaric chamber IPOCAMP to establish an in vitro experimental system in which the expression of genes that typically respond to heavy metal contaminants and oxidative stress could be studied under controlled hyperbaric pressure. We also analysed the occurrence of glycosylation in mantle and gill tissues from mussels subjected to elevated hyperbaric pressure, as well as the variation in haemocyte total counts as a result of increased pressure. Our results suggest that even after prolonged aquarium maintenance at atmospheric pressure, mussels were still able to induce the MT gene, whether or not they had been subjected to repressurization in the IPOCAMP chamber. Taken together, our results suggest that B. azoricus can be used as a model species and is particularly useful for the assessment of expression levels of critical genes, such as MT, in response to experimentally induced hydrostatic pressure.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Thermococcus sp. EXT12c, Isolated from the East Pacific Rise 9°N

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (50) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Courtine ◽  
Karine Alain ◽  
Myriam Georges ◽  
Nadège Bienvenu ◽  
Hilary G. Morrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
East Pacific Rise ◽  
Hyperthermophilic Archaeon ◽  
East Pacific

ABSTRACT We report the genome sequence of Thermococcus sp. EXT12c isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent at the East Pacific Rise 9°N. Microbes in the genus Thermococcus are able to grow anaerobically at high temperature, around neutral pH, and some of them under high hydrostatic pressure.

scholarly journals Synchronous Effects of Temperature, Hydrostatic Pressure, and Salinity on Growth, Phospholipid Profiles, and Protein Patterns of Four Halomonas Species Isolated from Deep-Sea Hydrothermal-Vent and Sea Surface Environments

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 6220-6229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Z. Kaye ◽  
John A. Baross
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Protein Patterns ◽  
Elevated Salinity ◽  
Pressure Profiles ◽  
Lipid Unsaturation ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Halomonas Species

ABSTRACT Four strains of euryhaline bacteria belonging to the genus Halomonas were tested for their response to a range of temperatures (2, 13, and 30°C), hydrostatic pressures (0.1, 7.5, 15, 25, 35, 45, and 55 MPa), and salinities (4, 11, and 17% total salts). The isolates were psychrotolerant, halophilic to moderately halophilic, and piezotolerant, growing fastest at 30°C, 0.1 MPa, and 4% total salts. Little or no growth occurred at the highest hydrostatic pressures tested, an effect that was more pronounced with decreasing temperatures. Growth curves suggested that the Halomonas strains tested would grow well in cool to warm hydrothermal-vent and associated subseafloor habitats, but poorly or not at all under cold deep-sea conditions. The intermediate salinity tested enhanced growth under certain high-hydrostatic-pressure and low-temperature conditions, highlighting a synergistic effect on growth for these combined stresses. Phospholipid profiles obtained at 30°C indicated that hydrostatic pressure exerted the dominant control on the degree of lipid saturation, although elevated salinity slightly mitigated the increased degree of lipid unsaturation caused by increased hydrostatic pressure. Profiles of cytosolic and membrane proteins of Halomonas axialensis and H. hydrothermalis performed at 30°C under various salinities and hydrostatic pressure conditions indicated several hydrostatic pressure and salinity effects, including proteins whose expression was induced by either an elevated salinity or hydrostatic pressure, but not by a combination of the two. The interplay between salinity and hydrostatic pressure on microbial growth and physiology suggests that adaptations to hydrostatic pressure and possibly other stresses may partially explain the euryhaline phenotype of members of the genus Halomonas living in deep-sea environments.

scholarly journals Hydrogenimonas urashimensis sp. nov., a hydrogen-oxidizing chemolithoautotroph isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent in the Southern Mariana Trough

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 126170
Author(s):  
Sayaka Mino ◽  
Taiki Shiotani ◽  
Satoshi Nakagawa ◽  
Ken Takai ◽  
Tomoo Sawabe
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent
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