scholarly journals High-Salt Diet in the Pre- and Postweaning Periods Leads to Amygdala Oxidative Stress and Changes in Locomotion and Anxiety-Like Behaviors of Male Wistar Rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Ernesto de Pinho Tavares Leal ◽  
Alexandre Alves da Silva ◽  
Arthur Rocha-Gomes ◽  
Tania Regina Riul ◽  
Rennan Augusto Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

High-salt (HS) diets have recently been linked to oxidative stress in the brain, a fact that may be a precursor to behavioral changes, such as those involving anxiety-like behavior. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has evaluated the amygdala redox status after consuming a HS diet in the pre- or postweaning periods. This study aimed to evaluate the amygdala redox status and anxiety-like behaviors in adulthood, after inclusion of HS diet in two periods: preconception, gestation, and lactation (preweaning); and only after weaning (postweaning). Initially, 18 females and 9 male Wistar rats received a standard (n = 9 females and 4 males) or a HS diet (n = 9 females and 5 males) for 120 days. After mating, females continued to receive the aforementioned diets during gestation and lactation. Weaning occurred at 21-day-old Wistar rats and the male offspring were subdivided: control-control (C-C)—offspring of standard diet fed dams who received a standard diet after weaning (n = 9–11), control-HS (C-HS)—offspring of standard diet fed dams who received a HS diet after weaning (n = 9–11), HS-C—offspring of HS diet fed dams who received a standard diet after weaning (n = 9–11), and HS-HS—offspring of HS diet fed dams who received a HS diet after weaning (n = 9–11). At adulthood, the male offspring performed the elevated plus maze and open field tests. At 152-day-old Wistar rats, the offspring were euthanized and the amygdala was removed for redox state analysis. The HS-HS group showed higher locomotion and rearing frequency in the open field test. These results indicate that this group developed hyperactivity. The C-HS group had a higher ratio of entries and time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze test in addition to a higher head-dipping frequency. These results suggest less anxiety-like behaviors. In the analysis of the redox state, less activity of antioxidant enzymes and higher levels of the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the amygdala were shown in the amygdala of animals that received a high-salt diet regardless of the period (pre- or postweaning). In conclusion, the high-salt diet promoted hyperactivity when administered in the pre- and postweaning periods. In animals that received only in the postweaning period, the addition of salt induced a reduction in anxiety-like behaviors. Also, regardless of the period, salt provided amygdala oxidative stress, which may be linked to the observed behaviors.

Cyperus esculentus L. (tigernut) mitigates high salt diet‐associated testicular toxicity in Wistar rats by targeting testicular steroidogenesis, oxidative stress and inflammation

Andrologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justina Nwandimma Nwangwa ◽  
Augustine Lishilinimye Udefa ◽  
Ernest Atelhe Amama ◽  
Inah Onete Inah ◽  
Hamza Joseph Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Testicular Steroidogenesis

scholarly journals The role of poly-herbal extract in sodium chloride-induced oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia in male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olumide Fadahunsi ◽  
Peter Adegbola ◽  
Olayemi Adebola Akintola ◽  
Bamidele Stephen Ajilore ◽  
olubukola sinbad Olorunnisola
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Abstract Consistent consumption of high salt diet (HSD) has been associated with increased cellular generation of free radicals which has been implicated in the derangement of some vital organs and etiology of cardiovascular disorders. This study was designed to investigate the combined effect of some commonly employed medicinal plants on serum lipid profile and antioxidant status of aorta, kidney, and liver of high salt diet-fed animals. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 7 animals each. Group 1 and 2 animals were fed normal rat and 16 % high salt diet only respectively. Animals in groups 3, 4, and 5 were fed 16% high salt diet with 800, 400, and 200 mg/kg bw poly-herbal extract (PHE) respectively once for 28 consecutive days. Serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione concentration, and activities were assessed in the aorta, kidney, and liver. PHE (p < 0.05) significantly reduced malondialdehyde and nitric oxide concentration and increased antioxidant enzymes and glutathione activity. Elevated serum TG, TC, LDL, and TC content in HSD-fed animals were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced to normal in PHE-treated rats while HDL was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner in PHE treated animals. Feeding with PHE attenuated high salt diet imposed derangement in serum lipid profile and antioxidant status in the organs of the experimental rats.

scholarly journals The Role of Poly-Herbal Extract in Sodium Chloride-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hyperlipidemia in Male Wistar Rats

Medicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Olubukola Sinbad Olorunnisola ◽  
Peter Ifeoluwa Adegbola ◽  
Bamidele Stephen Ajilore ◽  
Olayemi Adebola Akintola ◽  
Olumide Samuel Fadahunsi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Consistent consumption of high salt diet (HSD) has been associated with increased cellular generation of free radicals, which has been implicated in the derangement of some vital organs and etiology of cardiovascular disorders. This study was designed to investigate the combined effect of some commonly employed medicinal plants on serum lipid profile and antioxidant status of aorta, kidney, and liver of high salt diet-fed animals. Out of the total fifty male Wistar rats obtained, fifteen were used for acute toxicity study, while the remaining thirty-five were divided into 5 groups of 7 animals each. Group 1 and 2 animals were fed normal rat chow (NRC) and 16% high salt diet (HSD) only, respectively. Animals in groups 3, 4 and 5 were fed 16% HSD with 800, 400, and 200 mg/kg bw poly-herbal extract (PHE), respectively, once for 28 consecutive days. Serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione concentration, and activities were assessed in the aorta, kidney, and liver. Poly-herbal extract (p < 0.05) significantly reduced malondialdehyde and nitric oxide concentrations and also increased antioxidant enzymes and glutathione activity. Elevated serum TG, TC, LDL, and TC content in HSD-fed animals were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced to normal in PHE-treated rats while HDL was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner in PHE treated animals. Feeding with PHE attenuated high-salt diet imposed derangement in serum lipid profile and antioxidant status in the organs of the experimental rats.

scholarly journals Effect of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension on Osmotic Fragility and Hemorheological Factors in Male Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
David Ehikhuemen Okonofua ◽  
Jerome Ndudi Asiwe ◽  
Kenneth Kelechi Anachuna ◽  
Emuesiri Goodies Moke ◽  
Kamaldeen Olalekan Sanusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Diabetes mellitus is a common risk factor for erythrocyte osmotic stress. This study was aimed at exploring the effect of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus and salt-induced hypertension on osmotic fragility and hemorheological variables in male Wistar rats. Thirty male rats were grouped into five groups of six animals each as follows: negative control (zero salt in diet); positive control (normal salt diet - 0.3% salt); high salt diet (8% salt) (HSD only); STZ induced diabetes and normal salt diet (STZ only); STZ induced diabetes and high salt diet (STZ + HSD). At the end of a 4 weeks period, hematological variables, osmotic fragility, rheology and cardiovascular responses were assessed. There was an increase (p<0.05) in the mean arterial pressure and heart rate of HSD, STZ and HSD + STZ groups indicating a salt induced hypertension. There was a decrease in the body weight of STZ and HSD +STZ groups. There was significant increase (p<0.05) in the haematocrit, platelets estimates and fibrinogen concentrations in the experimental groups when compared with the controls. The STZ and STZ + HSD groups showed a reduced clotting time which corresponded to the increased platelet estimates and fibrinogen concentration. The increase in haematocrit, platelet and plasma protein resulted in the increased blood viscosity and a decreased flow rate. The osmotic fragility test was also observed to be increased (p<0.05) in HSD, STZ only and STZ + HSD groups. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension increase the rate of hemolysis of erythrocyte, as well as increase blood viscosity.

scholarly journals Biochemical and histological investigation on the protective effect of poly-herbal extract in high salt diet-fed male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 100116
Author(s):  
Olubukola Sinbad Olorunnisola ◽  
Peter Ifeoluwa Adegbola ◽  
Bamidele Stephen Ajilore ◽  
Ayodeji Zabdiel Abijo ◽  
Folorunsho Ayodeji Ajayi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Histological Investigation ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

High-salt diet enhances hippocampal oxidative stress and cognitive impairment in mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Zi Liu ◽  
Ji-Kuai Chen ◽  
Zhang-Peng Li ◽  
Ting Zhao ◽  
Min Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet

Abstract 370: Upregulation of Renal D5 Dopamine Receptor Ameliorates Hypertension in D3 Deficient Mice

Hypertension ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Wang ◽  
Crisanto S Escano ◽  
Laureano Asico ◽  
John E Jones ◽  
Alan Barte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Dopamine Receptors ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Deficient Mice

D 3 dopamine receptor (D 3 R) deficient mice have renin-dependent hypertension but the hypertension is mild and is not associated with oxidative stress. In order to determine if any compensatory mechanism in the kidney is involved in the regulation of blood pressure with disruption of D 3 R, we measured the renal protein expression of dopamine receptors in D 3 R homozygous (D 3 -/-) and heterozygous (D 3 +/-) knockout mice and their wild type (D 3 +/+) littermates. D 5 dopamine receptor (D 5 R) (169±23%, reported as % of D 3 +/+, n=5/group) expression was increased but D 4 dopamine receptors protein expression (59±8%) was decreased, while no significant changes were found with D 1 and D 2 dopamine receptors. Immunocytochemistry showed a stronger renal staining of D 5 R but without a change in renal tubule cell distribution in D 3 -/- relative to D 3 +/+ mice. D 5 R abundance was also increased in D 3 +/- (205±30%, n=5/group) relative to D 3 +/+ mice, while D 1 R abundance was similar between D 3 +/- and D 3 +/+ mice. The increase in D 5 R expression was abolished while blood pressure was increased further in D 3 -/- mice fed a high salt diet. Treatment of the D 1 -like (including D 1 and D 5 receptors) antagonist, SCH23390 , increased the blood pressure to a greater extent in anesthetized D 3 -/- mice than in D 3 +/+ mice (n=4/group), suggesting that the upregulation of D 5 R may modulate the hypertension in mice caused by the disruption of D 3 R. Since dopamine inhibits the NADPH oxidase-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the D 5 R, we also measured the protein expression of NOXs in the kidney and isoprostane in the urine. No NADPH oxidase subunit was increased in D 3 -/- and D 3 +/- mice relative to D 3 +/+ mice fed a normal or salt high salt diet, and urinary isoprostane excretion was also similar in D 3 -/- and D 3 +/+ mice. Our findings suggest that the upregulation of D 5 R may minimize the hypertension and prevent oxidative stress in D 3 -/- mice.

scholarly journals Effects of Aqueous Extract of Persea americana (Mill.) Leaf on the Myocardium of Left Ventricle of High Salt Fed Adult Wistar Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (01) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
I.O. Ayoola ◽  
O.A. Komolafe ◽  
O.S. Saka ◽  
R.A. Bejide ◽  
S.O.A. Odukoya
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Ketamine Anesthesia ◽  
Group B

Introduction This study was designed to show that Persea americana extract possess the ability to protect the myocardium of left ventricle against injury caused by high salt diet in adult Wistar rats. Method Forty healthy Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 120–150 g were randomly assigned into 8 groups of 5 rats each (Groups A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H). Rats in groups A, F, G and H were fed with standard laboratory pellets, while groups B, C, D and E were fed on the high-salt diet for four weeks. Concomitantly, daily administration of 50 mg kg-1, 100 mg kg-1 and 150 mg kg-1 of the Persea americana extract were given orally to groups C&F, D&G and E&H respectively while rats in groups A and B were administered distilled water. The rats were sacrificed under ketamine anesthesia (30mg/kg i.m). The left ventricle of the heart was excised, processed in paraffin wax and stained with haematoxylin and eosin and Verhoeff-Van Gieson stains. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze data, followed by Student Newman-keuls (SNK) test for multiple comparison. Result Results revealed that there was statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference in body weight change across all experimental groups; which was significantly lower in high salt fed groups. It was revealed that there were morphological alterations in the myocardium of left ventricle in group B while Persea americana protected myocardium in other experimental groups. Conclusion In conclusion, high salt diet induced myocardium alterations which were significantly protected by oral administration of Persea americana extract.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori AdaptationIn Vivoin Response to a High-Salt Diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 4871-4883 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Loh ◽  
Jennifer A. Gaddy ◽  
Holly M. Scott Algood ◽  
Silvana Gaudieri ◽  
Simon Mallal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regular Diet ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Helicobacter pyloriexhibits a high level of intraspecies genetic diversity. In this study, we investigated whether the diversification ofH. pyloriis influenced by the composition of the diet. Specifically, we investigated the effect of a high-salt diet (a known risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma) onH. pyloridiversification within a host. We analyzedH. pyloristrains isolated from Mongolian gerbils fed either a high-salt diet or a regular diet for 4 months by proteomic and whole-genome sequencing methods. Compared to the input strain and output strains from animals fed a regular diet, the output strains from animals fed a high-salt diet produced higher levels of proteins involved in iron acquisition and oxidative-stress resistance. Several of these changes were attributable to a nonsynonymous mutation infur(fur-R88H). Further experiments indicated that this mutation conferred increased resistance to high-salt conditions and oxidative stress. We propose a model in which a high-salt diet leads to high levels of gastric inflammation and associated oxidative stress inH. pylori-infected animals and that these conditions, along with the high intraluminal concentrations of sodium chloride, lead to selection ofH. pyloristrains that are most fit for growth in this environment.

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