scholarly journals Impact of the Marker Set Configuration on the Accuracy of Gait Event Detection in Healthy and Pathological Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa M. S. Visscher ◽  
Marie Freslier ◽  
Florent Moissenet ◽  
Sailee Sansgiri ◽  
Navrag B. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Gait Patterns ◽  
Marker Selection ◽  
Event Timing ◽  
Marker Location ◽  
Clinical Gait Analysis

For interpreting outcomes of clinical gait analysis, an accurate estimation of gait events, such as initial contact (IC) and toe-off (TO), is essential. Numerous algorithms to automatically identify timing of gait events have been developed based on various marker set configurations as input. However, a systematic overview of the effect of the marker selection on the accuracy of estimating gait event timing is lacking. Therefore, we aim to evaluate (1) if the marker selection influences the accuracy of kinematic algorithms for estimating gait event timings and (2) what the best marker location is to ensure the highest event timing accuracy across various gait patterns. 104 individuals with cerebral palsy (16.0 ± 8.6 years) and 31 typically developing controls (age 20.6 ± 7.8) performed clinical gait analysis, and were divided into two out of eight groups based on the orientation of their foot, in sagittal and frontal plane at mid-stance. 3D marker trajectories of 11 foot/ankle markers were used to estimate the gait event timings (IC, TO) using five commonly used kinematic algorithms. Heatmaps, for IC and TO timing per group were created showing the median detection error, compared to detection using vertical ground reaction forces, for each marker. Our findings indicate that median detection errors can be kept within 7 ms for IC and 13 ms for TO when optimizing the choice of marker and detection algorithm toward foot orientation in midstance. Our results highlight that the use of markers located on the midfoot is robust for detecting gait events across different gait patterns.

Comparison of two protocols for clinical gait analysis regarding frontal plane knee angles and moments

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. S138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Stief ◽  
Ansgar Schwirtz ◽  
Katja Michel ◽  
Martin-Scott Löhrer ◽  
Harald Böhm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Clinical Gait Analysis

Gait characteristics in children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy during the last 2 years of free ambulation (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliette Ropars ◽  
Laetitia Houx ◽  
Sylvain Brochard ◽  
François Rousseau ◽  
Carole Vuillerot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Gait Patterns ◽  
Gait Characteristics ◽  
Abnormal Gait

BACKGROUND Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), the most common neuromuscular disease in children, is a severe, progressive disease that affects skeletal muscle. Abnormal gait patterns in children with DMD result from compensatory adaptations of their locomotor system to maintain free ambulation in response to the slow, progressive muscle weakness, contractures and osteoarticular changes caused by the disease. Identification of gait abnormalities can be challenging because current understanding of how gait patterns changes progressively in children with DMD is limited. 3D gait analysis could thus increase understanding about the effects of the disease on gait, guide treatments and help to predict key milestones, such as ambulation loss. This latter event is important because it is an endpoint for clinical trials and studies of DMD disease progression. OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this study was to analyze the gait characteristics of children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) during their last 2 years of free ambulation. The secondary aim was to explore the capacity of gait variables to predict the time of loss of ambulation. METHODS The gait of eighteen children with DMD and fourteen age-matched control children was recorded using a 3D optoelectronic system. Statistical parametric mapping was used to compare kinematic and kinetic variables between groups. Multivariate regression was used to identify predictors of the time of ambulation loss among spatiotemporal, kinematic and kinetic variables. RESULTS Compared with the controls, anterior pelvic tilt was increased during the whole gait cycle, hip flexion was increased during the second part of stance phase and of the entire swing, knee flexion was increased during swing, dorsiflexion was reduced during stance, and plantar flexion occurred in swing in the DMD group. Maximal ground reaction force, ankle dorsiflexion moment at initial contact, knee power absorption and generation during loading response, and maximal power generation of the hip at the end of stance were all reduced. A combination of gait variables, mostly kinetic, predicted the duration before ambulation loss to be less than three months. CONCLUSIONS The gait of children with DMD who are close to losing ambulation is characterized by specific deviations. The time of ambulation loss was accurately predicted by 3D gait variables, particularly kinetic. Combined with data from the clinical examination, 3D gait analysis provides valuable information to guide physical therapy, including targeted muscle strengthening and stretching, to help patients maintain free ambulation as long as possible.

scholarly journals Comparison of gait using a Multiflex foot versus a Quantum foot in knee disarticulation amputees

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Boonstra ◽  
V. Fidler ◽  
G. M. A. Spits ◽  
P. Tuil ◽  
A. L. Hof
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Gait Patterns ◽  
Subjective Responses ◽  
Temporal Parameters ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Hip Range Of Motion ◽  
Temporal Factors ◽  
Knee Disarticulation

The subjective responses and gait patterns of unilateral knee disarticulation amputees wearing prostheses fitted first with the Multiflex foot and then with the Quantum foot were studied. Nine amputees were included in the trial. A questionnaire asked the amputees about their preference for one of the feet. Gait analysis was performed measuring temporal parameters and goniometry of hips, knees and ankles in the sagittal and frontal planes. There was a slight preference for the Quantum foot. Preference seemed not to be related to physical characteristics of the amputees nor to gait parameters. There were no differences in gait as far as the temporal factors were concerned. The main differences in the range of motion of the joints were in the frontal plane: the eversion-inversion movement of the ankle and the adduction-abduction movement of the hip. During walking at comfortable speed with the Multiflex foot the ankle and hip range of motion averaged 2.1 and 3.1 degrees respectively, less than during walking with the Quantum foot.

scholarly journals Towards planning of osteotomy around the knee with quantitative inclusion of the adduction moment: a biomechanical approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margit Biehl ◽  
Philipp Damm ◽  
Adam Trepczynski ◽  
Stefan Preiss ◽  
Gian Max Salzmann
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Medial Compartment ◽  
Knee Adduction Moment ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Force Ratio ◽  
Leg Alignment ◽  
Alignment Angle

Abstract Purpose Despite practised for decades, the planning of osteotomy around the knee, commonly using the Mikulicz-Line, is only empirically based, clinical outcome inconsistent and the target angle still controversial. A better target than the angle of frontal-plane static leg alignment might be the external frontal-plane lever arm (EFL) of the knee adduction moment. Hypothetically assessable from frontal-plane-radiograph skeleton dimensions, it might depend on the leg-alignment angle, the hip-centre-to-hip-centre distance, the femur- and tibia-length. Methods The target EFL to achieve a medial compartment force ratio of 50% during level-walking was identified by relating in-vivo-measurement data of knee-internal loads from nine subjects with instrumented prostheses to the same subjects’ EFLs computed from frontal-plane skeleton dimensions. Adduction moments derived from these calculated EFLs were compared to the subjects’ adduction moments measured during gait analysis. Results Highly significant relationships (0.88 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.90) were found for both the peak adduction moment measured during gait analysis and the medial compartment force ratio measured in vivo to EFL calculated from frontal-plane skeleton dimensions. Both correlations exceed the respective correlations with the leg alignment angle, EFL even predicts the adduction moment’s first peak. The guideline EFL for planning osteotomy was identified to 0.349 times the epicondyle distance, hence deducing formulas for individualized target angles and Mikulicz-Line positions based on full-leg radiograph skeleton dimensions. Applied to realistic skeleton geometries, widespread results explain the inconsistency regarding correction recommendations, whereas results for average geometries exactly meet the most-consented “Fujisawa-Point”. Conclusion Osteotomy outcome might be improved by planning re-alignment based on the provided formulas exploiting full-leg-radiograph skeleton dimensions.

Agreement and consistency of five different clinical gait analysis systems in the assessment of spatiotemporal gait parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Julian Rudisch ◽  
Thomas Jöllenbeck ◽  
Lutz Vogt ◽  
Thomas Cordes ◽  
Thomas Jürgen Klotzbier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Clinical Gait Analysis

Reliability of a simplified kinematic model for clinical gait analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 281-282
Author(s):  
S. Pitarch-Corresa ◽  
C. Herrera-Ligero ◽  
J.Y. Torres-Villanueva ◽  
E. Medina-Ripoll ◽  
F. Parra-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Clinical Gait Analysis

Clinical decision making in spastic bilateral CP – Planning interventions using clinical gait analysis: A case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. S37
Author(s):  
M. Alvela ◽  
M. Bergmann ◽  
M.-L. Ööpik ◽  
Ü. Kruus ◽  
K. Englas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Clinical Gait Analysis

A prospective randomised comparison of earlier function after total hip arthroplasty with a mini posterior approach or supercapsular percutaneously-assisted total hip approach: a gait analysis study

2021 ◽  
pp. 112070002110184
Author(s):  
Andrey A Korytkin ◽  
Younes M El Moudni ◽  
Yana S Novikova ◽  
Kirill A Kovaldov ◽  
Ekaterina A Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Posterior Approach ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Gait Patterns ◽  
Total Hip

Background: The supercapsular percutaneously-assisted total hip (SuperPATH) approach is a muscle sparing surgical technique for total hip arthroplasty (THA). The literature reports good clinical and functional results of the SuperPATH technique in the short term. We aimed to compare early outcomes and gait analysis of THA using the mini posterior approach (MPA) and supercapsular percutaneously-assisted total hip (SuperPATH) approach. Methods: 44 patients who underwent THA, were randomly allocated to either MPA or SuperPATH. The data were then collected prospectively (preoperatively and postoperatively at 6 weeks). Plain anteroposterior radiographs of the pelvis and instrumental gait analysis were obtained. The visual analogue scale (VAS), Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (HOOS) were used to assess functional and clinical outcomes. Results: No significant difference was found in patients’ surgical outcomes. Patients in the SuperPATH group had less pain according to the VAS score at follow-up than the MPA group ( p < 0.01). There was also a significant improvement in HHS and HOOS scores for all patients ( p < 0.001) with the SuperPATH group showing superior changes. The comparison of mean differences in gait velocity between preoperative and 6 weeks postoperative result, revealed improvement in the SuperPATH group over the MPA group ( p = 0.06). Limping was more persistent in the MPA group. Kinematic parameters demonstrated improved hip joint excursion slightly higher in the MPA group. There was no significant improvement in kinetic and kinematic parameters at different walking moments for all patients at 6 weeks compared to preoperative gait patterns. Conclusions: SuperPATH and MPA both show excellent results. This study reveals that the SuperPATH technique was associated with lower postoperative pain levels, and higher physical function and quality of life. Improved functional outcomes allowed earlier postoperative rehabilitation and faster recovery. Specific improvement in gait patterns were identified with nonsignificant differences between the 2 approaches at 6 weeks follow-up.

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