scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Profile in Pediatric Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Zhuang ◽  
Caiguang Liu ◽  
Shukai Zhan ◽  
Zhenyi Tian ◽  
Na Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Pediatric Ibd

Background and Aim: Accumulating evidence have implicated gut microbiota alterations in pediatric and adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, the results of different studies are often inconsistent and even contradictory. It is believed that early changes in new-onset and treatment-naïve pediatric patients are more informative. We performed a systematic review to investigate the gut microbiota profiles in pediatric IBD and identify specific microbiota biomarkers associated with this disorder.Methods: Electronic databases were searched from inception to 31 July 2020 for studies that observed gut microbiota alterations in pediatric patients with IBD. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale.Results: A total of 41 original studies investigating gut microbiota profiles in pediatric patients with IBD were included in this review. Several studies have reported a decrease in α-diversity and an overall difference in β-diversity. Although no specific gut microbiota alterations were consistently reported, a gain in Enterococcus and a significant decrease in Anaerostipes, Blautia, Coprococcus, Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, and Lachnospira were found in the majority of the included articles. Moreover, there is insufficient data to show specific microbiota bacteria associated with disease activity, location, and behavior in pediatric IBD.Conclusions: This systematic review identified evidence for differences in the abundance of some bacteria in pediatric patients with IBD when compared to patients without IBD; however, no clear overall conclusion could be drawn from the included studies due to inconsistent results and heterogeneous methodologies. Further studies with large samples that follow more rigorous and standardized methodologies are needed.

scholarly journals Laboratory Assessment of Disease Activity in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What’s New?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-71
Author(s):  
Rayna Shentova-Eneva ◽  
Tsvetelina Velikova
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Pediatric Ibd

Laboratory tests are an integral part of both the diagnostic and follow-up algorithm of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Their advantages over other non-invasive methods for assessing disease activity are greater objectivity than clinical activity indices and imaging studies. This review aims to analyze shortly the most common laboratory tests used to assess disease activity in pediatric patients with IBD. In addition to the conventional blood and serum markers that are not specific for gut inflammation, although routinely used, we also reviewed the established fecal markers such as calprotectin, lactoferrin, M2-pyruvate kinase, osteoprotegerin, HMGB1, chitinase 3-like 1, and the promising non-coding microRNA. In conclusion, neither marker is unique to the pediatric IBD. More clinical data are required to assess biomarkers’ full potential for diagnosis, management, and follow-up of pediatric IBD patients.

scholarly journals Elevated colonic microbiota-associated paucimannosidic and truncated N-glycans in pediatric ulcerative colitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henghui Li ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Rui Chen ◽  
Kai Cheng ◽  
Zhibin Ning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Distinct Type ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) is a distinct type of inflammatory bowel disease with severe disease activity and rapid progression, which can lead to detrimental life-long consequences. The pathogenesis of pediatric UC remains unclear, although dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been considered an important factor. In this study, we used mass spectrometry-based glycomic approaches to examine the N-glycans that were associated with the intestinal mucosal-luminal interface microbiota cells of treatment-naive pediatric UC or control patients. We observed abundant paucimannosidic and other truncated N-glycans that were associated with the microbiota and found that the pediatric UC microbiota samples contained significantly higher levels of these atypical N-glycans compared to those of controls. This study indicates that intestinal N-glycans may be used as novel UC biomarker candidates and the aberrant metabolism of glycans by gut microbiota may be involved in the pathogenesis of UC in children.

scholarly journals Fungal Signature in the Gut Microbiota of Pediatric Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1948-1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christel Chehoud ◽  
Lindsey G. Albenberg ◽  
Colleen Judge ◽  
Christian Hoffmann ◽  
Stephanie Grunberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Altered Gut Microbiota Is Present in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Sila ◽  
Marko Jelić ◽  
Ivana Trivić ◽  
Arjana Tambić Andrašević ◽  
Iva Hojsak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Lv ◽  
Yunbo Chen ◽  
Lisi Zheng ◽  
Tao Wu ◽  
Ping Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Toxin B ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Toxigenic Strains ◽  
Pediatric Ibd

Abstract Background: Clostridioides difficile (C. difficle) infection (CDI) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients can be recurrent, resulting in poor outcomes, but the molecular characterization of C. difficle in IBD patients remains to be well-established in China. This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of C. difficile in adult and pediatric IBD patients in China. Methods: C. difficile strains were isolated and identified from the fecal samples of adult and pediatric IBD patients. Toxigenic strains were typed using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and susceptibility to 10 antimicrobials was evaluated using E-test.Results: Among the 838 IBD patients, 96 (11.5%) patients were positive for CDI, which comprised of 53 adult (9.6%) and 43 children (14.9%) cases. Isolates positive for both toxin A and toxin B genes (A+B+) accounted for 90.2% (74/82), while the remaining 9.8% were negative for toxin A, but positive for toxin B (A–B+). These toxigenic strains were susceptible to metronidazole and vancomycin, but highly resistant to clindamycin, levofloxacin, erythromycin and ciprofloxacin. Furthermore, the isolates obtained from pediatric patients had a significantly higher resistance rate to clindamycin, when compared to isolates obtained from adult CDI (p=0.009). In addition, these toxigenic strains were categorized as 18 sequence types (STs). The dominant types consisted of ST-35 (20.7%), ST-2 (17.1%), ST-54 (13.4%) and ST-3 (13.4%) in all patients, ST-2 (19.6%), ST-35 (15.2%) and ST-54 (13.0%) in adult patients, and ST-35 (27.8%), ST-3 (19.4%), ST-2 (13.9%), ST-54 (13.9%) and ST-37(8.3%) in pediatric patients, respectively. All isolates formed three distinct clusters in the phylogenetic analysis. Conclusions: The incidence and molecular epidemiology of C. difficile infection in adult IBD patients resembled CDI in the general inpatient population. A higher antibiotic resistance rate was identified among the C. difficile isolates obtained from pediatric IBD patients, and few STs accounted for most multidrug-resistant strains. However, the molecular genetic features of the same ST-type between these two groups remained highly correlated.

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