scholarly journals Molecular Signature of Extracellular Vesicular Small Non-Coding RNAs Derived from Cerebrospinal Fluid of Leptomeningeal Metastasis Patients: Functional Implication of miR-21 and Other Small RNAs in Cancer Malignancy

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Kyue-Yim Lee ◽  
Yoona Seo ◽  
Ji Hye Im ◽  
Jiho Rhim ◽  
Woosun Baek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Leptomeningeal Metastasis ◽  
Molecular Signature ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Small Nuclear Rna ◽  
Diagnostic Strategies ◽  
Novel Mirna ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Sequencing Method

Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a fatal and rare complication of cancer in which the cancer spreads via the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). At present, there is no definitive treatment or diagnosis for this deleterious disease. In this study, we systemically and quantitatively investigated biased expression of key small non-coding RNA (smRNA) subpopulations from LM CSF extracellular vesicles (EVs) via a unique smRNA sequencing method. The analyzed subpopulations included microRNA (miRNA), Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA), Y RNA, small nuclear RNA (snRNA), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNA), vault RNA (vtRNA), novel miRNA, etc. Here, among identified miRNAs, miR-21, which was already known to play an essential oncogenic role in tumorigenesis, was thoroughly investigated via systemic biochemical, miR-21 sensor, and physiological cell-based approaches, with the goal of confirming its functionality and potential as a biomarker for the pathogenesis and diagnosis of LM. We herein uncovered LM CSF extravesicular smRNAs that may be associated with LM-related complications and elucidated plausible pathways that may mechanistically contribute to LM progression. In sum, the analyzed smRNA subpopulations will be useful as targets for the development of therapeutic and diagnostic strategies for LM and LM-related complications.

Utility of Cerebrospinal Fluid Cell-Free DNA in Patients with EGFR-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Leptomeningeal Metastasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Chi-Lu Chiang ◽  
Cheng-Chia Lee ◽  
Hsu-Ching Huang ◽  
Chia-Hung Wu ◽  
Yi-Chen Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Leptomeningeal Metastasis ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Egfr Mutant ◽  
Fluid Cell

Subdural hemorrhage of the cauda equina. A rare complication of cerebrospinal fluid shunt. Case report

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Wurm ◽  
Peter Pogady ◽  
Karin Lungenschmid ◽  
Johannes Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Subdural Hemorrhage ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt

Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak in the Neck: A Rare Complication of Glomus Vagale Excision

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan G. Cheng ◽  
Nicole C. Maronian ◽  
Neal D. Futran
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ◽  
Fluid Leak

Pneumocephalus and CSF leak secondary to skull base fracture by pyrotechnical object: case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Vilca ◽  
◽  
Carlos Palacios ◽  
Sofía Rosas ◽  
Ermitaño Bautista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Csf Leak ◽  
Skull Base Fracture ◽  
Timely Diagnosis ◽  
The Right

Introduction: Pneumocephalus is mainly associated with traumatic injuries, being a rare complication but with high mortality rates; it behaves like a space-occupying lesion and increases intracranial pressure. The symptoms are not specific, but in the event of trauma it is necessary to suspect this entity to carry out a timely diagnosis and treatment, since being the product of the skull base fracture it can cause communication with the outside, and the appearance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. Clinical Case: a 38-year-old male patient who suffers trauma from a pyrotechnic explosion near his right ear, when handling a pyrotechnic object (whistle) during the New Year, presenting severe pain, slight bleeding in the right ear, feeling faint and holocranial headache that increased in a standing position; likewise, he presents high-flow aqueous secretion (CSF) from the right ear. Brain and skull base tomography (CT) showed air in the intracranial cavity, fracture of the skull base, and the ossicles of the right middle ear. Conservative management was performed using rest and lumbar drainage, presenting a satisfactory evolution. Conclusion: Pneumocephalus is a frequent and expected complication of trauma with a skull base fracture. Its early and timely diagnosis using skull base CT is essential to define therapeutic measures. Accidents due to the misuse of pyrotechnics continue to be a relevant problem in our country. Knowing and disseminating its consequences can help raise awareness in the population. Keywords: Pneumocephalus, Skull Base, Intracranial Pressure, Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak. (Source: MeSH NLM)

Postural neurologic deficits after decompressive craniectomy: A case series of sinking skin flap syndrome in traumatic brain injury

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Emma A. Bateman ◽  
Jordan VanderEnde ◽  
Keith Sequeira ◽  
Heather M. MacKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Skin Flap ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Neurologic Deficits ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: Hemicraniectomy to manage raised intracranial pressure following traumatic brain injury (TBI) has improved survival but may increase the incidence of Sinking Skin Flap Syndrome (SSFS). SSFS is a clinical syndrome in which patients with craniectomy develop objective neurologic abnormalities due to the pressure of the atmosphere on the unprotected brain, often presenting with postural headaches and neurologic deficits that localize to the craniectomy site. Previously thought to be a rare complication of craniectomy after TBI, evidence suggests SSFS is under-recognized. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and radiographic features leading to diagnosis and the impact of temporizing and definitive management of SSFS on outcomes in inpatients with moderate/severe TBI. METHODS: Two patients’ symptoms, qualitative behaviour observation, physical and cognitive outcome measures, and neuroimaging pre- and post-temporizing measures and cranioplasty are presented. RESULTS: Both patients demonstrated partial improvements with temporizing measures and substantial improvements in functional, cognitive, physical, and rehabilitation outcomes from the cranioplasty and resolution of SSFS. CONCLUSIONS: Rehabilitation care providers are critical to the timely diagnosis and management of SSFS, including the use of temporizing measures and advocacy for definitive treatment with cranioplasty. These cases highlight the diverse clinical presentations and importance of SSFS diagnosis to improve patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Long-non Coding RNAs Related to Fat Deposition in Pigs Included lncRNA Corresponding to Human MALAT1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Piórkowska ◽  
Kacper Żukowski ◽  
Katarzyna Ropka-Molik ◽  
Mirosław Tyra
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Sequencing Method ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Potential Interactions ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Obesity is a problem in the last decades since the development of different technologies forced the submission of a faster pace of life, resulting in nutrition style changes. In turn, domestic pigs are an excellent animal model in recognition of adiposity-related processes, corresponding to the size of individual organs, the distribution of body fat in the organism, and similar metabolism. The present study applied the next-generation sequencing method to identify adipose tissue (AT) transcriptomic signals related to increased fat content by identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs), included long-non coding RNA molecules. The Freiburg RNA tool was applied to recognise predicting hybridisation energy of RNA-RNA interactions. The results indicated several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) whose expression was significantly positively or negatively associated with fat deposition. lncRNAs play an essential role in regulating gene expression by sponging miRNA, binding transcripts, facilitating translation, or coding other smaller RNA regulatory elements. In the pig fat tissue of obese group, increased expression of lncRNAs corresponding to human MALAT1 was observed that previously recognised in the obesity-related context. Moreover, hybridisation energy analyses pinpointed numerous potential interactions between identified differentially expressed lncRNAs, and obesity-related genes and miRNAs expressed in AT.

Epidural blood patch to treat a postsurgical cerebrospinal fluid leak using central line kit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Lo ◽  
Sang Le ◽  
Eugene Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Epidural Blood Patch ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Postdural Puncture Headache ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Blood Patch ◽  
Caudal Approach ◽  
Fluid Leak

Epidural blood patches are considered definitive treatment for postdural puncture headache in adult patients. However, they are infrequently used in children or in patients with altered spine anatomy. In patients who have undergone recent spine surgery, the lumbar epidural space can be approached safely via the caudal canal. Our case demonstrates a novel technique to perform an epidural blood patch from a caudal approach using a commonly available central line kit for a 15-year-old patient with severe spinal headache due to cerebrospinal fluid leak following a hemilaminectomy.

scholarly journals Tension pneumocephalus – A rare complication of cerebrospinal fluid leak

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Healy ◽  
Matthew Grant ◽  
Stephen Melnyk ◽  
Brian Boldt
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ◽  
Tension Pneumocephalus ◽  
Fluid Leak
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