scholarly journals Role of ctDNA in Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 310
Author(s):  
Marta Sant ◽  
Adrià Bernat-Peguera ◽  
Eudald Felip ◽  
Mireia Margelí
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Biological Knowledge ◽  
Cancer Evolution ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Ctdna Analysis

Breast cancer is currently classified by immunohistochemistry. However, technological advances in the detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) have made new options available for diagnosis, classification, biological knowledge, and treatment selection. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and ctDNA can accurately reflect this heterogeneity, allowing us to detect, monitor, and understand the evolution of the disease. Breast cancer patients have higher levels of circulating DNA than healthy subjects, and ctDNA can be used for different objectives at different timepoints of the disease, ranging from screening and early detection to monitoring for resistance mutations in advanced disease. In early breast cancer, ctDNA clearance has been associated with higher rates of complete pathological response after neoadjuvant treatment and with fewer recurrences after radical treatments. In metastatic disease, ctDNA can help select the optimal sequencing of treatments. In the future, thanks to new bioinformatics tools, the use of ctDNA in breast cancer will become more frequent, enhancing our knowledge of the biology of tumors. Moreover, deep learning algorithms may also be able to predict breast cancer evolution or treatment sensitivity. In the coming years, continued research and the improvement of liquid biopsy techniques will be key to the implementation of ctDNA analysis in routine clinical practice.

scholarly journals The role of neoadjuvant treatment with combination of docetaxel and doxorubicin for breast cancer patients

The Breast ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. S38
Author(s):  
A. Jagiello-Gruszfeld ◽  
E. Filipczuk-Cirsaz ◽  
M. Foszczynska-Kloda ◽  
K. Drosik ◽  
B. Liszka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

scholarly journals The Emerging Role of Circulating Tumor DNA in the Management of Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3813
Author(s):  
Mira Shoukry ◽  
Sacha Broccard ◽  
Jamie Kaplan ◽  
Emmanuel Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Liquid Biopsies ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Ctdna Analysis ◽  
Tumor Dna ◽  
Current Standards

With the incidence of breast cancer steadily rising, it is important to explore novel technologies that can allow for earlier detection of disease as well more a personalized and effective treatment approach. The concept of “liquid biopsies” and the data they provide have been increasingly studied in the recent decades. More specifically, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a potential biomarker for various cancers, including breast cancer. While methods such as mammography and tissue biopsies are the current standards for the detection and surveillance of breast cancer, ctDNA analysis has shown some promise. This review discusses the versatility of ctDNA by exploring its multiple emerging uses for the management of breast cancer. Its efficacy is also compared to current biomarkers and technologies.

scholarly journals Liquid Biopsy Detects Relapse Five Months Earlier than Regular Clinical Follow-Up and Guides Targeted Treatment in Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Fiona Tsui-Fen Cheng ◽  
Nina Lapke ◽  
Chin-Chu Wu ◽  
Yen-Jung Lu ◽  
Shu-Jen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Targeted Treatment ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Ctdna Analysis

Genetic alterations in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) are an emerging biomarker for the early detection of relapse and have the potential to guide targeted treatment. ctDNA analysis is often performed by droplet digital PCR; however, next-generation sequencing (NGS) allows multigene testing without having to access a tumor sample to identify target alterations. Here, we report the case of a stage III hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patient who remained symptomless after receiving surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Liquid biopsy analysis by NGS revealed the presence of a ctDNA PIK3CA N345K mutation five months before the detection of relapse with multiple liver metastases by regular clinical follow-up. To date, clinical implications of the PIK3CA N345K variant remain insufficiently investigated; however, everolimus treatment resulted in the shrinkage of tumor lesions and decreased the levels of tumor markers. Four months after treatment initiation, a second ctDNA analysis suggested a relapse, and the patient clinically progressed after five months of everolimus therapy. This case report demonstrates the value of ctDNA analysis by NGS for the early detection of relapse in breast cancer patients. The study further indicates its usefulness for the choice of targeted treatments, suggesting that the variant PIK3CA N345K might be associated with everolimus sensitivity.

scholarly journals Technical Challenges for CTC Implementation in Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4619
Author(s):  
Rocío Ramos-Medina ◽  
Sara López-Tarruella ◽  
María del Monte-Millán ◽  
Tatiana Massarrah ◽  
Miguel Martín
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Tumor Heterogeneity ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cell ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm in women worldwide. Tissue biopsy, currently the gold standard to obtain tumor molecular information, is invasive and might be affected by tumor heterogeneity rendering it incapable to portray the complete dynamic picture by the absence of specific genetic changes during the evolution of the disease. In contrast, liquid biopsy can provide unique opportunities for real-time monitoring of disease progression, treatment response and for studying tumor heterogeneity combining the information of DNA that tumors spread in the blood (circulating tumor DNA) with CTCs analysis. In this review, we analyze the technical and biological challenges for isolation and characterization of circulating tumor cells from breast cancer patients. Circulating tumor cell (CTC) enumeration value is included in numerous clinical studies due to the prognostic’s role of these cells. Despite this, there are so many questions pending to answer. How to manage lymphocytes background, how to distinguish the CTCs subtypes or how to work with frozen samples, are some of the issues that will discuss in this review. Based on our experience, we try to address these issues and other technical limitations that should be solved to optimize the standardization of protocols, sample extraction procedures, circulating-tumor material isolation (CTCs vs. ctDNA) and the very diverse methodologies employed, aiming to consolidate the use of CTCs in the clinic. Furthermore, we think that new approaches focusing on isolation CTCs in other body fluids such as cerebrospinal or ascitic fluid are necessary to increase the opportunities of circulating tumor cells in the practice clinic as well as to study the promising role of CTC clusters and their prognostic value in metastatic breast cancer.

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